Study Guide Chapters 8,9,10

1.
(p. 167) ________ is a reduction in calorie intake below daily needs.

A. Calorie restriction

B. Dieting

C. Purging

D. Disordered eating

A. Calorie restriction

2.
(p. 167) Eating disorders are most likely to develop during which stage of life?

A. childhood
B. early twenties
C. adolescence
D. middle age

C. adolescence

3.Which of the following statements about eating disorders and puberty is FALSE?
(p. 167-168)

A. By sixth grade, twice as many girls as boys consider themselves fat.

B. Boys are likely to be dissatisfied with their upper-body image during puberty.

C. Male body fat naturally increases during puberty in response to hormones.

D. Female body fat naturally increases during puberty in response to hormones.

C. Male body fat naturally increases during puberty in response to hormones.

4.
(p. 169) Which of the following statements about ethnicity and body image is FALSE?

A. White males appear to engage in more extreme weight loss strategies and binge eating than do non-White males.

B. Black men report more positive body image than White men.

C. White, Asian, and Hispanic women report similar concerns regarding body dissatisfaction, dieting, and pressure to be thin.

D. Native Americans report slightly greater body image concerns than White men.

A. White males appear to engage in more extreme weight loss strategies and binge eating than do non-White males.

5.
(p. 177) A person who perceives himself as insufficiently muscular in appearance, regardless of actual muscle size, is said to have

A. bulimia nervosa.
B. excessive exercise disorder.
C. binge eating disorder.
D. muscle dysmorphia.

D. muscle dysmorphia.

6.
(p. 169) Men appear to report dieting for reasons different from those of women. Which of the following is NOT true with regard to men and dieting?

A. Men are shape oriented rather than weight oriented.

B. Men usually diet for a specific reason, such as sports performance.

C. Men focus on the upper body rather than the lower body.

D. Men hope to improve their appearance to advance in the workplace.

D. Men hope to improve their appearance to advance in the workplace.

7.
(p. 168) Grooming products are increasingly becoming more acceptable for males, as advertisers use product names that suggest ________ to attract males.

A. love
B. sex
C. power
D. money

C. power

8.
(p. 168) Although men diet, they do so for different reasons than females do. Males tend to focus their attention on ________, whereas women focus on weight.

A. muscle
B. shape
C. strength
D. size

B. shape

9.
(p. 170) Individuals in sports that place a higher emphasis on leanness to enhance performance or appearance have a greater risk of developing an eating disorder. Which of the following is NOT one of these higher-risk sports?

A. dancing
B. soccer
C. horse racing
D. wrestling

B. soccer

10.
(p. 170) In sports, women who have the least risk of eating disorders are those who compete in

A. elite sports that emphasize muscle strength.

B. nonelite sports that do not emphasize leanness.

C. elite sports that emphasize leanness.

D. nonelite sports that emphasize leanness.

B. nonelite sports that do not emphasize leanness.

11.
(p. 170) Which of the following statements about the prevalence of eating disorders is FALSE?

A. Eating disorders are more prevalent where food is abundant.

B. The frequency of eating disorders in a society appears directly related to rates of dieting.

C. Eating disorders are mainly found in Western developed countries.

D. In the last 30 years, the number of diagnosed cases of eating disorders in the United States has declined.

D. In the last 30 years, the number of diagnosed cases of eating disorders in the United States has declined.

12.
(p. 170) Which organization sets the standards for diagnosing eating disorders?

A. Centers for Disease Control
B. American Medical Association
C. American Psychiatric Association
D. World Health Organization

C. American Psychiatric Association

13.
(p. 172) All of the following are standards used for diagnosing anorexia nervosa EXCEPT

A. intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight.

B. refusal to maintain body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for age and height.

C. amenorrhea.

D. lack of appetite.

D. lack of appetite.

14.
(p. 173) Which of the following is one of the most serious long-term side effects of severe calorie restriction in women?

A. osteoporosis

B. memory loss

C. scoliosis

D. amenorrhea

A. osteoporosis

15.
(p. 172) Inappropriate methods of keeping weight low associated with bulimia nervosa include all of the following EXCEPT

A. vomiting.
B. laxatives.
C. excessive exercise.
D. extremely low food intake.

D. extremely low food intake.

16.
(p. 172) Julia consumes huge meals throughout the day and then hits the gym for hours of exercise each night. Which type of eating disorder does Julia most likely have?

A. binge eating disorder
B. purging type bulimia nervosa
C. nonpurging type bulimia nervosa
D. muscle dysmorphia

C. nonpurging type bulimia nervosa

17.
(p. 172) Which of the following disorders has been recognized as a psychological disturbance that is associated with obesity?

A. binge eating disorder

B. muscle dysmorphia

C. activity disorder

D. bulimia

A. binge eating disorder

18.
(p. 172, 176) Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which people with binge eating disorder differ from obese people?

A. People with binge eating disorder are less likely to have depression.

B. People with binge eating disorder have more fluctuations in weight.

C. Treatment programs for people with binge eating disorder should place more emphasis on patterns of eating and less emphasis on dieting.

D. People with binge eating disorder have recurrent episodes of binging.

A. People with binge eating disorder are less likely to have depression.

19.
(p. 171) Individuals with eating disorders share many of the same thought patterns as people with which condition?

A. alcoholism

B. depression

C. drug addiction

D. schizophrenia

B. depression

20.
(p. 171) Common thought patterns associated with eating disorders include all of the following EXCEPT

A. black-and-white thinking.
B. feelings of emptiness.
C. indifference to others’ opinions.
D. a self-critical attitude.

C. indifference to others’ opinions.

21.
(p. 173) What condition carries the highest death rate of all psychiatric diagnoses?

A. bulimia nervosa
B. depression
C. bipolar disorder
D. anorexia nervosa

D. anorexia nervosa

22.
(p. 173) Which is a complication resulting from anorexia nervosa that is considered irreversible?

A. muscle weakness
B. slow or irregular heartbeats
C. bone loss
D. swollen legs

C. bone loss

23.
(p. 174) Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with anorexia nervosa?

A. dry, cold, discolored skin

B. bloated abdomen and constipation

C. decreased sex drive

D. high blood pressure

D. high blood pressure

24.
(p. 173) Which eating disorder is most associated with electrolyte imbalances?

A. anorexia nervosa
B. bulimia nervosa
C. binge eating disorder
D. muscle dysmorphia

B. bulimia nervosa

25.
(p. 174) Rachel purges her food after meals. She can expect all of the following health effects EXCEPT

A. electrolyte imbalances leading to irregular rhythms of the heart.

B. erosion of tooth enamel from stomach acid.

C. activation of starvation mode, shutting down all unnecessary activity.

D. inflammation of the esophagus, which appears as heartburn.

B. erosion of tooth enamel from stomach acid.

26.
(p. 174) Kim has noticed her teeth have become extremely sensitive to both hot and cold foods. She is bothered by frequent heartburn, and antacids do not seem to help. Which eating disorder does Kim most likely have?

A. anorexia nervosa
B. body dysmorphic disorder
C. binge eating disorder
D. bulimia nervosa

D. bulimia nervosa

27.
(p. 174-175) Which of the following statements regarding the treatment of eating disorders is FALSE?

A. In women, the return of regular menstruation is a part of recovery.

B. All of the associated medical conditions are reversible.

C. A person is considered recovered when weight is restored to within 15 percent of recommended weight.

D. In men, the return to a normal testosterone level is a part of recovery.

B. All of the associated medical conditions are reversible.

28.
(p. 176) A group of health care providers—including physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, nutritionists, and nurses—who work together to ensure that all areas of an eating disorder patient’s health are addressed is called a ________ team.

A. multimodality

B. multidimensional

C. multitypical

D. multifaceted

A. multimodality

29.
(p. 176) The most important part of treating eating disorders, aside from weight gain for severely anorexic patients, is

A. nutritional education.
B. social involvement.
C. psychotherapy.
D. cultural analysis.

C. psychotherapy.

30.
(p. 169, 177) Names for the disorder in which one perceives one’s muscle size to be significantly different from reality can include all of the following EXCEPT

A. muscle obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B. body dysmorphic disorder.
C. muscle dysmorphia.
D. bigorexia.

A. muscle obsessive-compulsive disorder.

31.
(p. 177) Which of the following statements about body dysmorphic disorder is FALSE?

A. It is characterized by a preoccupation with a defect in appearance.

B. The preoccupation can be about a wholly imagined defect or an exaggerated concern about a slight defect.

C. The preoccupation causes significant distress.

D. A person who suffers from this disorder will seek out relationships or social situations in order to stop thinking about his or her appearance.

D. A person who suffers from this disorder will seek out relationships or social situations in order to stop thinking about his or her appearance.

32.
(p. 179) Scott uses exercise to gain a sense of control and accomplishment. He continues to exercise even though he has extreme tendinitis in his knees. Scott most likely has what disorder?

A. activity disorder
B. muscle dysmorphia
C. muscle obsessive disorder
D. body dysmorphic disorder

A. activity disorder

33.
(p. 179) Which of the following statements about activity disorder is FALSE?

A. Activity disorder is more common among women than men.

B. The signs and symptoms of activity disorder often resemble those of anorexia and bulimia.

C. In activity disorder, exercise is used to gain a sense of control, to maintain self-esteem, and to soothe emotions.

D. People with perfectionist tendencies may be more susceptible to activity disorder.

A. Activity disorder is more common among women than men.

34.
(p. 178) The female athlete triad is composed of three conditions, in the following order:

A. disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis.
B. osteoporosis, disordered eating, amenorrhea.
C. energy imbalance, osteoporosis, amenorrhea.
D. overexertion, osteoporosis, disordered eating.

A. disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis.

35.
(p. 178) Which of the following is NOT a first sign of the female athlete triad?

A. exercise-related stress fracture
B. decrease in performance
C. avoiding social situations
D. muscle injury

C. avoiding social situations

36.
(p. 184) Which of the following statements regarding alcohol use in the United States is true?

A. About 40 percent of adults who drink are considered heavy drinkers.

B. About 90 percent of adults drink alcohol.

C. About 35 percent of adults call themselves abstainers.

D. About 50 percent of college students drink alcoholic beverages.

C. About 35 percent of adults call themselves abstainers.

37.
(p. 184) One drink is defined by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism as ________ ounce(s) of alcohol.

A. 1.0

B. 0.5

C. 1.5

D. 2.0

B. 0.5

38.
(p. 185-186) Binge drinking on college campuses is most strongly influenced by

A. the social environment.
B. economic conditions.
C. education levels.
D. heredity.

A. the social environment.

39.
(p. 184-185) Which of the following statements is true about ethnic differences in alcohol use?

A. Whites are more likely to abstain from alcohol use than African Americans.

B. Hispanic men and Hispanic women have similar alcohol consumption rates.

C. Alcohol consumption is higher among Asian Americans than among White Americans.

D. Socioeconomic and environmental factors influence ethnic differences in alcohol use.

D. Socioeconomic and environmental factors influence ethnic differences in alcohol use.

40.
(p. 185) Alcoholism is recognized as the number one health problem for which population?

A. Asian Americans

B. African Americans

C. Native Americans

D. Hispanic Americans

C. Native Americans

41.
(p. 185) Which population group tends to drink very little or abstain from alcohol because of a biological reaction to alcohol?

A. Asian Americans

B. African Americans

C. Native Americans

D. Hispanic Americans

A. Asian Americans

42.
(p. 188) Your friend was arrested for drunken driving; police said they had smelled alcohol on his breath. How is this possible?

A. Our breath retains strong non-alcoholic odors from drinks, especially beer.

B. Traces of alcoholic drinks remain in the tissues lining the mouth.

C. About 25 percent of alcohol is metabolized in the mouth.

D. The body excretes some alcohol directly into exhaled air.

D. The body excretes some alcohol directly into exhaled air.

43.
(p. 187-188) All of the following factors speed the absorption of alcohol, EXCEPT

A. alcohol concentration in the drink.
B. carbonation.
C. anger.
D. nicotine.

D. nicotine.

44.
(p. 188) Which of the following statements about the metabolizing of alcohol is true?

A. Most alcohol is metabolized in the stomach.

B. Everyone has the same level of alcohol dehydrogenase in their bodies.

C. About 30 percent of alcohol is excreted in the breath, urine, and skin pores.

D. Alcohol that is not immediately metabolized circulates throughout the body.

D. Alcohol that is not immediately metabolized circulates throughout the body.

45.
(p. 187-188) All of the following slow down the absorption of alcohol into the bloodstream, EXCEPT

A. food.

B. water.

C. stress.

D. smoking.

C. stress.

46.
(p. 187) Alcohol is removed from the liver at a rate of about ________ per hour.

A. one-quarter ounce

B. one-half ounce

C. three-quarters of an ounce

D. one ounce

B. one-half ounce

47.
(p. 191) You drank far too much last night, and as a result this morning you feel like you have a bad case of the flu. The best way to cope with your hangover is to

A. eat a large meal.
B. drink small quantities of alcohol.
C. take a painkiller and rest until you feel better.
D. engage in an activity that increases your heart rate.

C. take a painkiller and rest until you feel better.

48.
(p. 190) Death can result from alcohol intoxication beginning at a blood alcohol concentration of about ________.

A. 0.50
B. 0.45
C. 0.35
D. 0.20

C. 0.35

49.
(p. 190) Travis passed out on the floor after a drinking contest, and now you can’t wake him. The best thing you can do for him is

A. call 911.
B. carry him to a bed.
C. roll him onto his side.
D. cover him with a warm blanket.

A. call 911.

50.
(p. 191-192) Alcohol abuse can lead directly to all of the following, EXCEPT

A. stroke.
B. lung cancer.
C. heart disease.
D. brain damage.

B. lung cancer.

51.
(p. 191) Which of the following is true of alcohol-induced cirrhosis?

A. Its effects can be reversed by about 30 days’ abstinence from drinking.

B. It can occur without symptoms in some people.

C. It begins at the moment a person takes his or her first drink.

D. It usually takes about 10 years of steady, heavy drinking for cirrhosis to develop.

D. It usually takes about 10 years of steady, heavy drinking for cirrhosis to develop.

52.
(p. 192) The human brain completes its development during which stage of life?

A. infancy
B. childhood
C. adolescence
D. early twenties

D. early twenties

53.
(p. 193) Alcohol use is a factor in about ________ of suicides in the United States.

A. one-eighth

B. one-third

C. two-thirds

D. three-quarters

B. one-third

54.
(p. 193) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption?

A. One to two drinks a day can elevate HDL.

B. The type of alcoholic beverage is more important than the pattern of drinking.

C. Although women may reduce their risk of coronary heart disease, they may increase their risk of breast cancer.

D. It poses less heart disease risk than abstaining.

B. The type of alcoholic beverage is more important than the pattern of drinking.

55.
(p. 196) One practice that has substantially increased compliance with drunk driving laws is

A. tax increases.
B. server liability laws.
C. sobriety checkpoints.
D. raising the legal drinking age.

C. sobriety checkpoints.

56.
(p. 198) Which of the following is the best way to break a pattern of excessive alcohol use?

A. Keep a drinking diary.
B. Set goals for change.
C. Ask a friend to hide your alcohol.
D. Reduce the amount of alcohol in your drinks.

B. Set goals for change.

57.
(p. 198) The smoking rate for adults in the United States has leveled off at approximately ________ percent.

A. 8
B. 13
C. 19
D. 41

C. 19

58.
(p. 198) Which of the following segments of the U.S. population has the highest rate of smoking?

A. African Americans
B. Alaska Natives
C. Asian Americans
D. Hispanics

B. Alaska Natives

59.
(p. 198-199) Which of the following statements about tobacco is true?

A. College students are less likely to smoke than the general population.

B. Tobacco smoke contains dozens of cancer-causing substances.

C. The higher one’s educational achievements, the more likely one is to smoke.

D. Cigarettes account for about 50 percent of the tobacco sold in the United States.

B. Tobacco smoke contains dozens of cancer-causing substances.

60.
(p. 199) Of the carcinogenic substances in tobacco smoke, which is most damaging to the lungs?

A. nicotine

B. tar

C. nitrous oxide

D. carbon monoxide

B. tar

61.
(p. 199) Which of the following substances in tobacco smoke is most closely associated with oxygen deprivation to the heart?

A. hydrogen cyanide
B. carbon monoxide
C. nicotine
D. tar

C. nicotine

62.
(p. 199) Which of the following statements is true about nicotine?

A. Several minutes are required for smokers to feel its effects.

B. In the brain, it stimulates the release of adrenaline and endorphins.

C. It is actually one of the less addictive substances in tobacco.

D. The body does not build up a tolerance for nicotine.

B. In the brain, it stimulates the release of adrenaline and endorphins.

63.
(p. 200) Which of the following is true of cigar smoking?

A. Most cigar smokers inhale the smoke.
B. Cigars present a rather low cancer risk.
C. Cigars contain more nicotine than cigarettes.
D. Cigar smoke is less harmful than cigarette smoke.

C. Cigars contain more nicotine than cigarettes.

64.
(p. 203) What is the typical number of pounds gained when a person stops smoking?

A. fewer than 5 pounds
B. 7 to 10 pounds
C. 15 to 20 pounds
D. 20 to 25 pounds

B. 7 to 10 pounds

65.
(p. 199, 202) Key reinforcers of nicotine addiction to cigarettes include all of the following EXCEPT

A. nicotine’s ability to alleviate withdrawal symptoms.
B. a reduction in feelings of anxiety and depression.
C. increased dopamine levels in the brain.
D. relief from cold and flu symptoms.

D. relief from cold and flu symptoms.

66.
(p. 202) Withdrawal symptoms that occur when you try to quit smoking can typically include all of the following EXCEPT

A. depressed mood.
B. difficulty concentrating.
C. anxiety.
D. lack of appetite.

D. lack of appetite.

67.
(p. 204) Which of the following statements about the short-term effects of smoking on the body is true?

A. Nicotine stimulates the production of urine.
B. The effects of nicotine peak in about two minutes.
C. Nicotine reaches the brain in about 60 seconds.
D. Nicotine causes constriction of blood vessels.

D. Nicotine causes constriction of blood vessels.

68.
(p. 204) Smoking is estimated to play a role in ________ percent of all cancer deaths.

A. 30
B. 40
C. 50
D. 60

A. 30

69.
(p. 204) Approximately ________ percent of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking.

A. 32
B. 49
C. 66
D. 87

D. 87

70.
(p. 205) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes all of the following conditions EXCEPT

A. laryngitis.

B. emphysema.

C. asthma.

D. chronic bronchitis.

A. laryngitis.

71.
(p. 206) Which of the following statements is true about smoking cessation?

A. Mucous production is among the last things to change following smoking cessation.

B. Quitting after age 70 has little effect on health or longevity.

C. Blood circulation decreases in most people after they quit smoking.

D. The risk of smoking-related heart attack can fall by half within a year.

D. The risk of smoking-related heart attack can fall by half within a year.

72.
(p. 207) Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products commonly come in all the following forms EXCEPT

A. gum.

B. patches.

C. inhalers.

D. injections.

D. injections.

73.
(p. 207) The average number of attempts required for successful smoking cessation is

A. two.

B. seven.

C. eleven.

D. sixteen.

B. seven.

74.
(p. 210) The tobacco industry’s 1998 Master Settlement Agreement with the states resulted in

A. a ban on all tobacco advertising.

B. reductions in tar and nicotine in all tobacco products.

C. advertising restrictions and payments to the states for tobacco education.

D. prison sentences for tobacco executives and damage payments to the states.

C. advertising restrictions and payments to the states for tobacco education.

75.
(p. 215) What is the most commonly used illicit drug among persons aged 12 and older?

A. cocaine
B. alcohol
C. heroin
D. marijuana

D. marijuana

76.
(p. 215) The highest rates of illicit drug use occur among adults aged ________.

A. 16 to 17

B. 18 to 20

C. 21 to 25

D. 26 to 29

B. 18 to 20

77.
(p. 215) Which of the following is NOT a reason people take drugs?

A. to improve nutrition
B. to relieve pain
C. to fit in
D. to cope with stress

A. to improve nutrition

78.
(p. 216) Which region of the U.S. tends to see the highest rates of illicit drug use, based on results from a 2012 survey?

A. Northeast
B. South
C. Midwest
D. West

D. West

79.
(p. 215) Which of the following statements is true regarding nonmedical drug use in the United States by individuals aged 12 or older?

A. More than 47 percent have used an illicit drug in their lifetime.

B. About 70 percent have tried illicit drugs other than marijuana.

C. About 3 percent are current users of illicit drugs.

D. Less than 5 million people have used prescription-type drugs illicitly.

A. More than 47 percent have used an illicit drug in their lifetime.

80.
(p. 217) Which of the following identifies a drug or drugs?

A. aspirin
B. nicotine, aspirin, and caffeine
C. nicotine
D. caffeine

B. nicotine, aspirin, and caffeine

81.
(p. 217) Which of the following is a term used to refer to a substance that causes changes in brain chemistry and alters consciousness, perception, mood, and thought?

A. substance

B. psychoactive drug

C. drug of abuse

D. pharmaceutical drug

B. psychoactive drug

82.
(p. 219) Compared to other routes of administration, ________ is the most complicated way for a drug to enter the bloodstream.

A. transdermal absorption

B. intravenous injection

C. oral consumption

D. inhalation

C. oral consumption

83.
(p. 220-221) Which of the following statements about the effects of drugs on the brain is FALSE?

A. Eventually, a drug addict is not able to experience pleasure from anything—not even the drug being abused.

B. Addictive drugs activate the pleasure and reward circuit.

C. The parts of the brain involved in rational thought are not affected.

D. Drugs that bind to endorphin receptors reduce pain.

C. The parts of the brain involved in rational thought are not affected.

84.
(p. 218) Paco has come to depend on heroin to be able to function normally. A few weeks ago, he attempted to cut himself off, but he experienced severe diarrhea. Paco’s case illustrates which of the following concepts?

A. drug overdose
B. withdrawal symptom
C. drug tolerance
D. psychological dependence

B. withdrawal symptom

85.
(p. 219) Most drugs are taken

A. by injection.
B. orally.
C. through the nose.
D. by applying a patch to the skin.

B. orally

86.
(p. 219) Which of the following routes of drug administration would be the fastest way for a drug to reach the brain?

A. intravenous injection
B. oral
C. through the nose
D. by applying a patch to the skin

A. intravenous

87.
(p. 218) One indicator of physiological dependence is the development of

A. acne.
B. stomach pain.
C. tolerance.
D. sleep apnea.

C. tolerance

88.
(p. 2226) Probably the most popular psychoactive drug is

A. nicotine.
B. caffeine.
C. marijuana.
D. alcohol.

B. caffeine

89.
(p. 222) Which of the following is a central nervous system stimulant?

A. LSD
B. OxyContin
C. caffeine
D. barbiturates

C. caffeine

90.
(p. 227) Which of the following is a central nervous system depressant?

A. Xanax
B. heroin
C. amphetamines
D. Ritalin

A. Xanax

91.
(p. 221) Which drugs have effects similar to the response evoked during the fight-or-flight reaction?

A. stimulants
B. depressants
C. opiates
D. inhalants

A. stimulants

92.
(p. 221) Amphetamines fall under which category of drugs?

A. stimulants
B. depressants
C. opiates
D. hallucinogens

A. stimulants

93.
(p. 221) Which of the following statements is true about cocaine?

A. Cocaine hydrochloride powder produces a higher rate of dependence than crack cocaine.
B. Cocaine is a powerful central nervous system opiate.
C. Cocaine may cause users to become overweight.
D. Injecting or smoking cocaine produces a quicker, stronger high than snorting it.

D. injecting or smoking cocaine produces a quicker strong high than snorting it.

94.
(p. 226) Which drug provides individuals with a heightened sense of empathy and closeness to those around them?

A. morphine
B. methamphetamine
C. MDMA (Ecstasy)
D. LSD

C. MDMA (Ecstasy)

95.
(p. 227) Common date rape drugs include which of the following?

A. MDMA

B. Valium

C. Rohypnol

D. opium

C. Rohypnol

96.
(p. 225, 227) Which of the following associations is NOT correct?

A. amphetamines—narcolepsy
B. methamphetamine—ADHD
C. opioids—pain
D. benzodiazepines—anxiety

B. methamphetamine—ADHD

97.
(p. 230) Which type of drug can be obtained from common household products and causes widespread and long-lasting brain damage in chronic users?

A. depressants

B. inhalants

C. barbiturates

D. amphetamines

B. inhalants

98.
(p. 228) Which of the following drugs was used during the Civil War and became known as "the soldier’s disease"?

A. heroin

B. cocaine

C. morphine

D. marijuana

C. morphine

99.
(p. 227) Which of the following statements is true regarding opioids?

A. Opium originated in Europe.

B. Opium has a long history of medical use for the treatment of diarrhea and dehydration.

C. The opioid heroin is a less potent drug developed from morphine.

D. Opioids are nonaddictive.

B. Opium has a long history of medical use for the treatment of diarrhea and dehydration.

100.
(p. 227) Pain reduction is most associated with which type of drug?

A. benzodiazepines
B. amphetamines
C. opioids
D. hallucinogens

C. opioids

101.
(p. 225-229) Which type of drug has never played a role in health care?

A. opiates
B. inhalants
C. stimulants
D. depressants

B. inhalants

102.
(p. 229-230) Phencyclidine, commonly known as PCP, is which type of drug?

A. stimulant
B. inhalant
C. hallucinogen
D. opiate

C. inhalant

103.
(p. 228-229) Which of the following is a hallucinogen?

A. OxyContin

B. LSD

C. Viagra

D. Valium

B. LSD

104.
(p. 224) Which of the following is a possible long-term effect of marijuana?

A. heart failure
B. hepatitis
C. chronic bronchitis
D. flashbacks

C. Chronic bronchitis

105.
(p. 231) Most of the $193 billion annually drained from the U.S. economy by drug use is spent on

A. research.

B. health care and justice system costs.

C. border control.

D. treatment programs.

B. health care and justice system costs.

106.
(p. 232) Which of the following is a demand reduction strategy in the war on drugs?

A. preventing distribution
B. spraying heroin fields
C. interdiction
D. treatment programs

D. treatment programs

107.
(p. 234) Which of the following is NOT considered a harm reduction strategy?

A. needle exchange program
B. incarceration
C. controlled availability
D. medicalization

B. incarceration

108.
(p. 234) The most effective approaches to drug abuse prevention on college campuses include all of the following strategies EXCEPT

A. engaging parents.
B. engaging the media.
C. providing alternative activities.
D. intervening with at-risk-students.

B. engaging the media.