Speech Chapter 1 & 2

When your textbook describes public speaking as a form of empowerment, it means that public speaking is

a way to make a difference in something we care about.

How much time does the average adult spend in conversation?

about 30 percent of waking hours

Many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include

1) organizing your thoughts logically. 2) tailoring your message to your audience. 3) adapting to listener feedback. (all of the answers)

When you experience stage fright, your body is producing extra __________ , a hormone that is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress.

adrenaline

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

1) Visualize yourself giving a successful speech. 2) Concentrate on communicating with the audience, rather than on your nerves. 3) Choose a topic you care about and prepare thoroughly for the speech. (all of the answers)

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

Turn negative thoughts into positive thoughts.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

1)Remember that your nervousness is not usually visible to your audience. 2)Concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on your nerves. 3) As you rehearse, visualize yourself giving a successful speech. (all of the answer)

One way to build confidence as a speaker is to create a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech. According to your textbook, this process is called

visualization.

Research has shown that the anxiety level of most speakers drops off significantly

when they are 30 to 60 seconds into the speech.

Heather was in the midst of an excellent speech on campus history when she made a minor mistake by giving the wrong date for the opening of a campus building. She suddenly stopped speaking and said, "Oh, I messed up." She then finished her speech, but all she could think about afterward was her mistake. What is the major piece of advice from your textbook that Heather needs to be reminded about?

There is no such thing as a perfect speech.

Dealing with such matters as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion are all part of what your textbook calls

critical thinking.

Whatever a speaker communicates to someone else is termed the

message.

Jamal attended the campus president's speech about tuition increases, while Mary listened to the speech on the radio. Later, Mary said she thought the president's words stated clearly that he opposed an increase in tuition. But Jamal said that the way the president avoided looking at students when he talked about tuition made it seem the president actually supported an increase in tuition. The difference in the messages Mary and Jamal received most likely resulted from the fact that

Mary and Jamal received the message through different channels.

Because every person has a unique __________ based on his or her own knowledge, experience, and values, the meaning of a message can never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker.

frame of reference.

As you listen to a speech about campus crime, you relate the speaker's ideas to your own knowledge, goals, and experience. According to your textbook, you are filtering the speech through your own

frame of reference.

__________ lets you know how your message is being received.

Feedback

As you present your speech, you notice that many of your listeners have interested looks on their faces and are nodding their heads in agreement with your ideas. According to your textbook, these reactions by your listeners are called

feedback.

In the midst of a speech about volcanoes, a speaker notices quizzical expressions on the faces of her listeners. In response, she says, "Let me explain that point again to make sure it's clear." When this happens, the speaker is

adapting to feedback.

As Christopher delivered his speech, he noticed that some members of his audience looked confused as he explained one of his main points. As a result, he slowed down and explained the point again. In this case, Christopher was

adapting to audience feedback.

Concern by a listener about an upcoming job interview, the lack of air conditioning, or a toothache are all examples of __________ in the speech communication process.

interference

According to your textbook, a listener anxious about an upcoming exam, worried about a recent argument with a friend, or distracted by cold air in the classroom would be experiencing

interference.

A ringing cell phone or an audience member browsing the Web on her laptop during a speech are examples of which element in the speech communication process?

interference.

As Benita approached the podium, loud voices from the hallway filled the room. Before beginning her speech, she asked someone in the back of the room to close the door. In this case, Benita was dealing with

interference.

The tendency to see the beliefs, values, and customs of one's own culture or group as "right" or "natural" is called

ethnocentrism.

Pradeep is from India and has decided to give his informative speech on Indian marriage customs. Because he will be getting married back home the next summer, he is very excited about the topic. He is concerned, however, that his classmates, all of whom are from the United States, may think he is saying that marriage traditions in India are better than those in the United States. Pradeep's concern indicates that he is sensitive to the problem of

egocentrism.

Speechmaking is a form of power and therefore carries with it heavy __________ responsibilities. (With great power, comes great responsibility)

ethical

As a public speaker, you face ethical issues when

1) selecting the topic for your speech. 2) organizing your speech. 3) researching your speech. (all of the answers)

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking?

Make sure your goals are ethically sound.

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except

Explain your credibility on the speech topic.

Which of the following are included in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking?

Be honest in what you say, be fully prepared for each speech, and make sure your goals are ethically sound.

For his informative speech, Douglas told his classmates how to get free food at a drive-through restaurant. Rather than focusing on legitimate deals, such as student discounts or coupons, Douglas talked about ways to trick employees into believing you had already paid for food when you had not. His instructor gave the speech a poor grade because it violated the ethical criteria for public speaking presented in your textbook. The guideline Douglas violated was:

Make sure your goals are ethically sound.

Having spent two years working in a television newsroom, Madison decided to give her informative speech on that topic. Because she knew a lot about it and was comfortable speaking to an audience, she didn't spend much time preparing. As a result, her speech was poorly organized, ran overtime, and did not have a clear message. Which guideline for ethical public speaking discussed in your textbook did Madison fail to live up to?

Be fully prepared for each speech.

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language

1) undermines the right of all groups in the U.S. to express their ideas. 2) demeans the dignity of the groups or individuals being attacked (all of the answers)

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language

demeans the personal dignity of the groups or individuals being attacked

The three kinds of plagiarism discussed in your textbook are

global plagiarism, patchwork plagiarism, and incremental plagiarism.

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to avoid plagiarism?

Get an early start on researching and preparing your speech.

According to your textbook, global plagiarism occurs when a person

takes a speech entirely from one source and passes it off as her or his own.

As your textbook explains, a speaker who assembles a speech by copying word for word from two or three sources is committing what kind of plagiarism?

patchwork

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid patchwork plagiarism?

Consult a large number of sources in your research.

According to your textbook, __________ plagiarism occurs when the speech as a whole is ethical but the speaker fails to give credit for particular quotations and paraphrases.

incremental

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to steer clear of incremental plagiarism?

Cite the sources of all quotations and paraphrases in your speech.

Emil began his research early and found some excellent sources for his informative speech. He cut and pasted passages from several Web sites into a file in his word processor. When he started putting his speech together, he used some complete sentences from the cut-and-pasted materials, paraphrases from other passages, and several original ideas of his own. Unfortunately, Emil forgot to record his sources in his research notes, so he didn't cite any of the sources in his speech. Which of the following statements best describes Emil's situation?

Emil is guilty of incremental plagiarism.

Jerome found several excellent sources for his informative speech. He pulled key information from them, blended those ideas into his own perspective, and cited his sources when he presented the speech. Which of the following statements best describes this situation?

Jerome is ethical because he cited his sources and used them to develop his own slant on the topic.

To avoid plagiarism when using information from an Internet document in your speech, your textbook recommends that you keep a record of

1) the author or organization responsible for the document. 2)the date on which you accessed the document. 3)the title of the document. (all of the answers)

When Sophia attended the first discussion section for her math class and heard her instructor begin speaking with an unfamiliar accent, she immediately decided, "I won't learn anything from this teacher." Sophia failed to uphold which guideline for ethical listening?

Avoid prejudging the speaker.

The three guidelines for ethical listening discussed in your textbook are

listen attentively, avoid prejudging the speaker, and support free speech.

According to your textbook, the guidelines for ethical listening in a public speaking situation include

maintaining the free and open expression of ideas.

A listener's ethical obligations include

1) maintaining the free and open expression of ideas. 2) being courteous and attentive during a speech. (all of the answers.)

According to your textbook, the ethical obligations of listeners include

judging the speaker on the basis of his or her delivery.

A listener's ethical obligation to avoid prejudging a speaker means that a listener should

strive to understand the speaker before criticizing his or her ideas.

Speech Chapter 1 & 2 - Subjecto.com

Speech Chapter 1 & 2

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When your textbook describes public speaking as a form of empowerment, it means that public speaking is

a way to make a difference in something we care about.

How much time does the average adult spend in conversation?

about 30 percent of waking hours

Many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include

1) organizing your thoughts logically. 2) tailoring your message to your audience. 3) adapting to listener feedback. (all of the answers)

When you experience stage fright, your body is producing extra __________ , a hormone that is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress.

adrenaline

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

1) Visualize yourself giving a successful speech. 2) Concentrate on communicating with the audience, rather than on your nerves. 3) Choose a topic you care about and prepare thoroughly for the speech. (all of the answers)

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

Turn negative thoughts into positive thoughts.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

1)Remember that your nervousness is not usually visible to your audience. 2)Concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on your nerves. 3) As you rehearse, visualize yourself giving a successful speech. (all of the answer)

One way to build confidence as a speaker is to create a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech. According to your textbook, this process is called

visualization.

Research has shown that the anxiety level of most speakers drops off significantly

when they are 30 to 60 seconds into the speech.

Heather was in the midst of an excellent speech on campus history when she made a minor mistake by giving the wrong date for the opening of a campus building. She suddenly stopped speaking and said, "Oh, I messed up." She then finished her speech, but all she could think about afterward was her mistake. What is the major piece of advice from your textbook that Heather needs to be reminded about?

There is no such thing as a perfect speech.

Dealing with such matters as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion are all part of what your textbook calls

critical thinking.

Whatever a speaker communicates to someone else is termed the

message.

Jamal attended the campus president’s speech about tuition increases, while Mary listened to the speech on the radio. Later, Mary said she thought the president’s words stated clearly that he opposed an increase in tuition. But Jamal said that the way the president avoided looking at students when he talked about tuition made it seem the president actually supported an increase in tuition. The difference in the messages Mary and Jamal received most likely resulted from the fact that

Mary and Jamal received the message through different channels.

Because every person has a unique __________ based on his or her own knowledge, experience, and values, the meaning of a message can never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker.

frame of reference.

As you listen to a speech about campus crime, you relate the speaker’s ideas to your own knowledge, goals, and experience. According to your textbook, you are filtering the speech through your own

frame of reference.

__________ lets you know how your message is being received.

Feedback

As you present your speech, you notice that many of your listeners have interested looks on their faces and are nodding their heads in agreement with your ideas. According to your textbook, these reactions by your listeners are called

feedback.

In the midst of a speech about volcanoes, a speaker notices quizzical expressions on the faces of her listeners. In response, she says, "Let me explain that point again to make sure it’s clear." When this happens, the speaker is

adapting to feedback.

As Christopher delivered his speech, he noticed that some members of his audience looked confused as he explained one of his main points. As a result, he slowed down and explained the point again. In this case, Christopher was

adapting to audience feedback.

Concern by a listener about an upcoming job interview, the lack of air conditioning, or a toothache are all examples of __________ in the speech communication process.

interference

According to your textbook, a listener anxious about an upcoming exam, worried about a recent argument with a friend, or distracted by cold air in the classroom would be experiencing

interference.

A ringing cell phone or an audience member browsing the Web on her laptop during a speech are examples of which element in the speech communication process?

interference.

As Benita approached the podium, loud voices from the hallway filled the room. Before beginning her speech, she asked someone in the back of the room to close the door. In this case, Benita was dealing with

interference.

The tendency to see the beliefs, values, and customs of one’s own culture or group as "right" or "natural" is called

ethnocentrism.

Pradeep is from India and has decided to give his informative speech on Indian marriage customs. Because he will be getting married back home the next summer, he is very excited about the topic. He is concerned, however, that his classmates, all of whom are from the United States, may think he is saying that marriage traditions in India are better than those in the United States. Pradeep’s concern indicates that he is sensitive to the problem of

egocentrism.

Speechmaking is a form of power and therefore carries with it heavy __________ responsibilities. (With great power, comes great responsibility)

ethical

As a public speaker, you face ethical issues when

1) selecting the topic for your speech. 2) organizing your speech. 3) researching your speech. (all of the answers)

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking?

Make sure your goals are ethically sound.

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except

Explain your credibility on the speech topic.

Which of the following are included in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking?

Be honest in what you say, be fully prepared for each speech, and make sure your goals are ethically sound.

For his informative speech, Douglas told his classmates how to get free food at a drive-through restaurant. Rather than focusing on legitimate deals, such as student discounts or coupons, Douglas talked about ways to trick employees into believing you had already paid for food when you had not. His instructor gave the speech a poor grade because it violated the ethical criteria for public speaking presented in your textbook. The guideline Douglas violated was:

Make sure your goals are ethically sound.

Having spent two years working in a television newsroom, Madison decided to give her informative speech on that topic. Because she knew a lot about it and was comfortable speaking to an audience, she didn’t spend much time preparing. As a result, her speech was poorly organized, ran overtime, and did not have a clear message. Which guideline for ethical public speaking discussed in your textbook did Madison fail to live up to?

Be fully prepared for each speech.

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language

1) undermines the right of all groups in the U.S. to express their ideas. 2) demeans the dignity of the groups or individuals being attacked (all of the answers)

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language

demeans the personal dignity of the groups or individuals being attacked

The three kinds of plagiarism discussed in your textbook are

global plagiarism, patchwork plagiarism, and incremental plagiarism.

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to avoid plagiarism?

Get an early start on researching and preparing your speech.

According to your textbook, global plagiarism occurs when a person

takes a speech entirely from one source and passes it off as her or his own.

As your textbook explains, a speaker who assembles a speech by copying word for word from two or three sources is committing what kind of plagiarism?

patchwork

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid patchwork plagiarism?

Consult a large number of sources in your research.

According to your textbook, __________ plagiarism occurs when the speech as a whole is ethical but the speaker fails to give credit for particular quotations and paraphrases.

incremental

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to steer clear of incremental plagiarism?

Cite the sources of all quotations and paraphrases in your speech.

Emil began his research early and found some excellent sources for his informative speech. He cut and pasted passages from several Web sites into a file in his word processor. When he started putting his speech together, he used some complete sentences from the cut-and-pasted materials, paraphrases from other passages, and several original ideas of his own. Unfortunately, Emil forgot to record his sources in his research notes, so he didn’t cite any of the sources in his speech. Which of the following statements best describes Emil’s situation?

Emil is guilty of incremental plagiarism.

Jerome found several excellent sources for his informative speech. He pulled key information from them, blended those ideas into his own perspective, and cited his sources when he presented the speech. Which of the following statements best describes this situation?

Jerome is ethical because he cited his sources and used them to develop his own slant on the topic.

To avoid plagiarism when using information from an Internet document in your speech, your textbook recommends that you keep a record of

1) the author or organization responsible for the document. 2)the date on which you accessed the document. 3)the title of the document. (all of the answers)

When Sophia attended the first discussion section for her math class and heard her instructor begin speaking with an unfamiliar accent, she immediately decided, "I won’t learn anything from this teacher." Sophia failed to uphold which guideline for ethical listening?

Avoid prejudging the speaker.

The three guidelines for ethical listening discussed in your textbook are

listen attentively, avoid prejudging the speaker, and support free speech.

According to your textbook, the guidelines for ethical listening in a public speaking situation include

maintaining the free and open expression of ideas.

A listener’s ethical obligations include

1) maintaining the free and open expression of ideas. 2) being courteous and attentive during a speech. (all of the answers.)

According to your textbook, the ethical obligations of listeners include

judging the speaker on the basis of his or her delivery.

A listener’s ethical obligation to avoid prejudging a speaker means that a listener should

strive to understand the speaker before criticizing his or her ideas.

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