Secondary silicate clay minerals are dominated by the elements aluminum, oxygen, and silicon. |
true |
Isomorphous substitution typically results in a net negative charge on soil clay minerals. |
true |
Small cations are attracted to colloid surfaces more strongly than large cations. |
true |
Highly charged cations are attracted to soil colloid surfaces more strongly that weakly charged cations. |
true |
Smectites are 2:1 minerals. |
true |
Illite has a relatively low CEC because there is very little isomorphous substitution. |
false |
Illite layers are held together tightly by potassium ions. |
true |
The aluminosilicate mineral studied in class with the highest CEC is vermiculite. |
true |
The aluminosilicate mineral of the 4 major minerals studied with the lowest CEC is kaolinite. |
true |
Isomorphous substitution in smectites takes place in the tetrahedral sheet. |
false |
Kaolinite layers are bound together by hydrogen bonds. |
true |
Cations are positively charged. |
true |
Anions are negatively charged. |
true |
Ions typically are well-accommodated in water. |
true |
An example of an uncharged aluminosilicate mineral is talc. |
true |
The charge on soil clays is satisfied by anions from soil solution. |
false |
Small cations are attracted to colloid surfaces more strongly than large cations. |
true |
Highly charged cations are attracted to soil colloid surfaces more strongly that weakly charged cations. |
true |
Charge is developed on silicate clay minerals during mineral formation. |
true |
A 2:1 mineral has |
one octahedral sheet and 2 tetrahedral sheets |
Vermiculites are highly expanding minerals. |
false |
A 1:1 mineral has |
one tetrahedral sheet and 1 octahedral sheet |
The units used to express cation exchange capacity are |
cmolc/kg |
Which of the following would be most preferred at charged silicate clay surfaces all else being equal? |
Al3+ |
Which of the following has an influence over the preference of cations at charged clay surfaces? |
size, charge, concentration in solution |
Cation A has a +3 charge and is small. Cation B has a +1 charge and is large. Which is more likely to occupy negatively charged sites on a clay mineral given equal concentrations in solution? |
cation A |
The three chemical elements that dominate the structure of aluminosilicate minerals are |
al, si, o |
cations |
positively charged, attracted to soil silicate clay mineral surfaces |
A chemical element that has acquired an electrical charge by losing an electron during a reaction is called a/an |
cation, ion |
When water molecules surround a cation in solution, the oxygen end of the water molecule will orient toward the cation. |
true |
soil quiz 3
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