Sociology Chapter 9- Q&A

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a health care experiment at Tuskegee University

Which phrase best describes Miss Rivers’ Lodge? A) a health care experiment at Tuskegee University B) a fishing retreat for African American men C) a segregated vacation complex in Georgia D) a brothel in the French Quarter of New Orleans

a race

What is a group of people with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it from another group? A) a race B) an ethnicity C) a social group D) a tribe

40

Ashley Montagu, a physical anthropologist, classified humans into ________ different racial groups. A) 2 B) 40 C) 160 D) 2,000

one race is superior to another; pure races exist

As described in the text, what are the two myths of race? A) eventually there will only be one race; all races have the same origin B) there is only one race; intelligence is based on race C) one race is superior to another; pure races exist D) all races have the same origin; race is a status that cannot be changed

Respondents can choose one or more races that they consider themselves to be

How did the 2010 U.S. Census instruct Americans to classify themselves in relation to race? A) Respondents must pick the single term that best describes their race. B) Respondents may choose no more than two terms that describe their race. C) Respondents can choose one or more races that they consider themselves to be. D) Respondents must choose the race of their parents in declaring their own race.

Tiger Woods

Who is the best-known "Cablinasian"? A) Tiger Woods B) Al Sharpton C) Barack Obama D) Colin Powell

Ethnicity

While race might reflect our biological heritage, ________ reflects our cultural heritage. A) gender B) age C) ethnicity D) social class

Minority Group

What term did Louis Wirth use to define groups of people who are singled out for unequal treatment and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination? A) minority group B) racial group C) ethnic group D) subcultural group

Race varies, depending upon the society in which its meaning is constructed

Which statement is most accurate regarding the meaning of race? A) It is entirely dependent upon fixed biological characteristics. B) Race varies, depending upon the society in which its meaning is constructed. C) The concept of race tends to be quite similar in all cultures. D) Race is a variable that changes, depending upon the age of people who use the term.

The dominate group

In society, which group has the greatest power, privileges, and social status? A) the majority B) the power elite C) the capitalist class D) the dominant group

the expansion of political boundaries and migration

Based on the textbook, what are two ways a group becomes a minority? A) genocide and the expansion of political boundaries B) migration and a change in the economy of a nation C) genocide and a change in ethnic work by citizens D) the expansion of political boundaries and migration

Tony is exercising the concept of ethnic work

Tony Pascalucci often wears a shirt that says, "Kiss me, I’m Italian." He flies the Italian flag at his U.S. home, greets people by saying, "Buongiorno," and is known for making the best lasagna in the valley. In view of this, which phrase best describes Tony’s behavior? A) Tony is exercising the concept of ethnic work. B) Tony is experiencing a racial identity crisis. C) Tony is experiencing role diffusion. D) Tony is confused over what his master status is.

Ethnic Work

For the last five years, Sarah has been trying to recover her ethnic heritage by tracing her family line. This attempt to trace her family line is an example of ________. A) permissible assimilation B) ethnic identification C) ethnic work D) ethnicity research

A Stew

Which of the following food choices best illustrates the belief that America is a diverse nation? A) a stew B) an American pie C) a tossed salad D) an Oscar Mayer wiener

Positive Prejudice

What is the term used to describe an attitude that exaggerates the virtues of a group, such as all Asian Americans being brilliant or all African Americans being great athletes? A) complacent superiority B) positive prejudice C) master status D) superior discrimination

the internalization of the norms of the dominant group

The belief held by many African Americans that lighter skinned African American women are more attractive than those with darker skin is referred to as ________. A) the reformulation of race at the micro-level B) the internalization of the norms of the dominant group C) reverse racism at the micro-level D) race betrayal of the minority class

Attitudes; Actions

Prejudice describes ________ while discrimination describes ________. A) values; attitudes B) norms; beliefs C) attitudes; actions D) actions; attitudes

prejudice and discrimination

Sam, a bartender who saw duty in Vietnam, refuses to serve Asians in his bar because he believes that Asians have no business living in the U.S.A. Sam’s actions describe ________. A) prejudice and discrimination B) prejudice but not discrimination C) discrimination but not prejudice D) neither prejudice nor discrimination

It is a visual perception test that links race to desirable and undesirable words

What is the Implicit Association Test? A) It is a test of cultural intelligence. B) It is a visual perception test that links race to desirable and undesirable words. C) It measures the percentage of "white blood" in African Americans. D) It is the instrument that differentiates between institutional and individual racism.

Hate groups provide some people with a type of meaning in their lives

What did Ezekiel suggest as the reason why some people are attracted to racist hate groups? A) They have too much leisure time on their hands. B) They developed group polarization at an early age. C) Hate groups provide some people with a type of meaning in their lives. D) Some people are bored and are drawn to risk-taking behavior.

institutional discrimination

Pedro, a legal immigrant from Mexico, and George, a white male whose family has been in America for several generations, have each applied for a car loan at the local bank. Pedro’s loan was turned down while George was granted a loan. In comparing their credit history, both men had good credit, and their debts and income were comparable. This is an example of ________ against Pedro. A) individual prejudice B) institutional prejudice C) individual discrimination D) institutional discrimination

Researchers do not know for sure why race and ethnicity are factors in medical decisions

Based on the most recent research, why are race and ethnicity often factors in medical decisions that favor treatment for white patients? A) This is a matter of innate racism practiced by white physicians. B) This is a factor transferred to all medical students as a part of their medical training. C) White patients have a greater ability to pay for expensive tests. D) Researchers do not know for sure why race and ethnicity are factors in medical decisions.

scapegoats and being blamed for John’s grades

John recently received his semester grades and found that he had failed two courses. He says the reason he failed the two courses is that they were taught by female professors. John believes that women are really not smart enough to teach at the college level. In this example, the female professors are ________. A) scapegoats and being blamed for John’s grades B) being discriminatory toward John C) probably not smart enough to teach in a college D) prejudiced against John because he is male

John Dollard

Who developed the theory of prejudice that addressed frustration levels and scapegoats? A) Theodor Adorno B) Talcott Parsons C) John Dollard D) Michael Burawoy

authoritarian personality

According to Adorno, a(n) ________ is a person who is prejudiced and ranks high on scales of conformity, intolerance, insecurity, respect for authority, and submissiveness to superiors. A) antisocial personality B) authoritarian personality C) scapegoat D) psychosocial personality

Theodor Adorno

Who was the theorist who concluded that highly prejudiced people are actually insecure conformists? A) John Dollard B) Theodor Adorno C) Robert Merton D) Edwin Sutherland

the reserve labor force

The group in society made up of the unemployed who can be put to work during times of high production and then laid off when they are no longer needed is called ________. A) the reserve labor force B) the underclass C) the dual labor force D) a back-up resource

Selective Perception

________ refers to seeing certain features of a situation while ignoring others, and the use of labels to group individual members as if they were all alike. A) Blinded perception B) Selective perception C) Generalized vision D) Discriminating vision

Genocide

The massacre of Native Americans in the 1800s, the extermination of the Jews in Nazi Germany, and the slaughter of the Tutsis in Rwanda are all examples of ________. A) compurgation B) genocide C) primogeniture D) sublimation

Genocide

The systematic annihilation or attempted annihilation of a people based on their presumed race or ethnicity is called ________. A) homicide B) genocide C) population transfer D) manslaughter

Compartmentalization

When an executioner wears a hood he is separating his true identity (the man without a hood) from the one carrying out the execution. Such behavior is part of an effort to separate one’s feelings from one’s acts, called ________. A) primogeniture B) compurgation C) selective perception D) compartmentalization

Indirect Transfer

Under czarist Russia, daily living conditions for Jews were made so intolerable that millions chose to leave Russia and migrate to other countries. This is an example of ________. A) departmentalization B) subhumanization C) indirect transfer D) direct transfer

Direct Transfer

The relocation of Native Americans to reservations and the transfer of Americans of Japanese descent to internment camps during World War II are examples of ________. A) direct transfer B) compartmentalization C) internal colonization D) segregation

population transfer and genocide

When Bosnian Serbs practiced ethnic cleansing of the Muslim population during the 1990s, they employed a combination of ________. A) population transfer and segregation B) population transfer and genocide C) assimilation and segregation D) genocide and pluralism

Internal Colonialism

Slavery and apartheid are both examples of the ways in which a country’s dominant group exploits minority groups for its economic advantage. What do sociologists call this policy? A) colonization B) segregation C) internal colonialism D) assimilation

Slavery

Of the following, the most extreme example of internal colonialism is ________. A) indentured servitude B) slavery C) caste systems in the post-Civil War South D) racially motivated hate crime

Forced Assimilation

When the Native Americans were pacified by the military in the late 1800s, they were forced to learn the English language, dress like the white man, renounce their religion, and give up their customs. This was a classic example of ________. A) forced assimilation B) internal colonialism C) subjugation D) population transfer

multiculturalism

Switzerland is made up of four separate ethnic groups that have kept their own languages but are peacefully united politically and economically. This pattern of intergroup relations is an example of ________. A) permissible assimilation B) multiculturalism C) cultural adaptation D) forced assimilation

Pluralism

What is another name for multiculturalism? A) compartmentalization B) sublimation C) pluralism D) assimilation

An American from Mexico

What is a Chicano? A) an illegal immigrant in the United States B) an American from Mexico C) an American citizen visiting Mexico D) a Mexican who is part Native American and part Spanish

German

To which ethnic heritage do more Caucasians in America trace their roots than any other? A) English B) French C) German D) Italian

Latino American

What is the largest minority group in the United States today? A) Latino American B) African American C) Asian American D) Native American

They were immigrants from Europe whose language and other customs differed from the original White Anglo-Saxon Protestants

In American history, who were the white ethnics? A) They were immigrants from Europe whose language and other customs differed from the original White Anglo-Saxon Protestants. B) They were colonists who settled in Canada. C) They were colonists who left the original 13 colonies and moved westward prior to the establishment of the United States. D) They were colonists loyal to England who did not support American independence.

Hawaii

Which state has the highest percentage of minorities? A) New York B) Alaska C) Hawaii D) California

59 million

What is the total number of Latinos in the United States, including the official tally as well as the estimate of those in the United States illegally? A) 19 million B) 25 million C) 40 million D) 59 million

Plessy v. Ferguson

The 1896 Supreme Court ruling that approved "separate but equal" accommodations for blacks and whites as a reasonable use of state power was ________. A) Africa v. Hewitt B) Furman v. Georgia C) Plessy v. Ferguson D) Garner v. Tennessee

Jim Crow Law

The practice the South employed after the Civil War to segregate blacks from whites was called ________. A) the Truman Amendment B) Horatio Alger Law C) the Baxter Principal D) Jim Crow law

Rising Expectations

The sense that better conditions are soon to follow which, if unfulfilled, increases frustration, is called ________. A) compartmentalization B) self-fulfilling prophecy C) rising expectations D) the definition of the situation

Spillover Bigotry

Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, any Asian was viewed as an enemy of America. This phenomenon that occurs when one ethnic group that resembles another is also discriminated against because of mere association is called ________. A) spillover bigotry B) the Thomas theorem C) the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis D) compartmentalization

Asian American

Of all ethnic groups, in which group are children most likely to grow up with two parents and least likely to be born to a single mother? A) Native American B) Asian American C) Latino American D) Caucasian European

Native Americans

________are often referred to as the "invisible minority." A) African Americans B) Native Americans C) Hispanic Americans D) Asian Americans

Casino

Since the 1960’s Native Americans have won a series of legal victories giving them control over reservation lands. During that time they have opened businesses ranging from fishing canneries to industrial parks that serve metropolitan areas. More recently the business endeavor that has attracted the most attention is the __________ business. A) oil B) illegal substances C) casino D) textiles

It banned preference to minorities and women in hiring, promotion, and college admissions

What did Proposition 209, a 1996 amendment to the California constitution, address? A) It established English as the official language in California. B) It prohibited illegal Mexicans from receiving medical care and other benefits under Medicaid. C) It banned Mexican immigration into California for ten years. D) It banned preference to minorities and women in hiring, promotion, and college admissions.

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