sociology chapter 11

A minority is defined as a category of people who are

set apart by that society and subordinated or disadvantaged.

A national civil rights movement, which ended most instances of lawful discrimination, took place during

the 1950s and 1960s.

Assimilation refers to the process by which

minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture

Based on research using the social distance scale, you can correctly say that U.S. college students today

All of these responses are correct

Conflict theory states that prejudice is

a tool used by powerful people to oppress others.

Human beings are all members of

a single biological species.

In the United States, minorities typically have less

All of these responses are correct.

In the United States during the 1930s and 1940s, the existence of the "Negro leagues," with all African-American players, is an example of

segregation

Race refers to _____ considered important by a society; ethnicity refers to _____.

biological traits; cultural traits

Which of the following concepts refers to a state in which racial and ethnic minorities are distinct, but have more or less equal social standing?

pluralism

Sociologists define the concept of "race" as

a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important.

The idea that prejudice and discrimination form a vicious circle means tha

prejudice and discrimination reinforce each other.

Which of the following is the largest minority category within the U.S. population?

people of Hispanic descent

While prejudice is a matter of _____, discrimination is a matter of _____.

attitude; action

For Chinese immigrants, one result of living in Chinatowns was _____.

All of these responses are correct

Institutional prejudice and discrimination refers to the fact that

bias is built into the operation of social institutions.

Scapegoat theory states that prejudice is created by

frustration among disadvantaged people.

Significant immigration of Asian Americans to the United States was first sparked by

the California Gold Rush in 1849

The United States is not truly pluralistic because

racial and ethnic categories do not have equal social standing.

The adoption of the English language by Mexican immigrants in the United States is an example of

assimilation