SOC-210- Chapter 5 Questions

D

Which of the following would be an example of a large group using Simmel’s classification? a. people attending a party b. a large study group c. people at a movie theater d. a symphony orchestra

B

A married couple and their firstborn child are a type of group known as: Select one: a. a dyad. b. a triad. c. a party. d. a small group.

A

In which of the following groups is a coalition formation impossible? Select one: a. dyads b. secondary groups c. primary groups d. triads

A

A set of stories that explain the content of a particular relationship is known as a: Select one: a. tie. b. connection. c. dyad. d. triad.

A

Sociologists refer to the degree to which ties are reinforced through indirect paths within a social network as: Select one: a. embeddedness. b. structural holes. c. social capital. d. a narrative.

D

According to Simmel, the three types of groups larger than a triad include all of the following EXCEPT: Select one: a. small groups. b. parties. c. large groups. d. aggregates.

C

When a dyad becomes a triad, the third member can gain tremendous power. Which role involves playing one member against the other for his or her own advantage? Select one: a. mediator b. divide and conquer c. the third that rejoices d. coalition

D

Because of the Hart-Cellar Act, immigrants who come to the United States today have it much easier than previous generations because: Select one: a. they have less paperwork to fill out and less "red tape" to muddle through. b. they have help from government agencies who place them in jobs. c. they face less discrimination and hostility when they arrive in the United States. d. they have more connections to housing, jobs, and other resources in their community.

C

Cooley distinguished between two types of groups he called: Select one: a. triads and dyads. b. small and large groups. c. primary and secondary groups. d. parties and wild bashes.

A

What appears to be the main reason for the success of Amish businesses when compared to other U.S. businesses? Select one: a. The Amish live by prioritizing the community and its social capital, rather than rugged individualism. b. The Amish value rugged individualism over the community and its social capital. c. The Amish hire outsourced labor from Mexico. d. The Amish reject all use of modern technology.

A

It could be argued that the most important kinds of socialization take place in: Select one: a. in-groups. b. secondary groups. c. reference groups. d. primary groups.

B

The sum of stories about a set of ties that exist between people is known as aNo: Select one: a. social network. b. narrative. c. uniplex tie. d. multiplex tie.

A

The shared beliefs and behaviors within a social group, also called "corporate culture," is known as: Select one: a. organizational culture. b. cross-culture. c. interculture. d. counterculture.

B

The ways in which power and authority are distributed hierarchically within an organization are called: Select one: a. isomorphism. b. organizational structure. c. old boys’ club. d. patriarchy.

C

Parenting coordinators are sometimes brought in by the court to help relieve tension between divorcing parents. When a dispute arises between the parents, the parenting coordinator can step in and help moms and dads "keep the peace." The coordinator plays the role of: a. the third that rejoices. b. divide and conquer. c. mediator. d. counselor "at-large."

A

All of the following are characteristics of Simmel’s small group EXCEPT: a. they are made up of three or fewer people. b. face-to-face interaction is unifocal. c. they lack formal arrangements or roles. d. equality.

D

Any social network that is defined by a common purpose and that has a boundary between its members and the rest of the social world is known within sociology as aNo: Select one: a. tie. b. narrative. c. large group. d. organization.

A

Organizations that have a set of governing structures and rules for internal arrangements, such as the U.S. Army, are known as: Select one: a. formal organizations. b. informal organizations. c. small groups. d. large groups.

C

A general rule found in research, known as "no cycles of four" within two romantic heterosexual couples, is that people rarely date the ex-partner of their ex-partner’s new boy- or girlfriend. What explanation is given for this finding? Select one: a. The exes have already moved on to new partners. b. The four members of the group don’t like one another anymore. c. The replaced exes don’t want to lose social status and be seen as "leftovers." d. One of the partners was hiding his or her homosexuality and now only wants a homosexual partner.

B

According to studies on teen sex, STIs (sexually transmitted infections) have increased dramatically in recent years. Which of the following findings do NOT put American teens at risk for contracting STIs? Select one: a. "Hooking up" has replaced going steady. b. Boys tend to exaggerate their sexual experience. c. Two-thirds of American teens are having sex or participating in some form of sexual activity. d. Most teens with a sexually transmitted infection have no idea that they are infected.

C

Solomon Asch’s experiments on group conformity demonstrate: Select one: a. that people are more reluctant to conform to group pressure if they value independence. b. how women are more susceptible to group pressure than men. c. how powerful the influence of a group can be on an individual. d. the power of leadership on people’s decisions.

C

The study that analyzed the sexual networks of teens at 12 high schools is an example of how network analysis can inform transmission phenomena such as the spread of STIs (sexually transmitted infections). An advantage of network analysis over interpretive sociology is that: Select one: a. it can go beyond people’s own descriptions to look at numbers, which are always more reliable than people’s descriptions. b. it can reveal the meanings people give to their sexual encounters. c. it can reveal patterns in social structures that might not become evident through answers to direct questions. d. It can go beyond what people say they do to reveal the complex interplay between biology and social behavior.

D

Juan and Sylvester are collaborating on a project at work, but are having trouble agreeing on objectives and goals. Henry senses the trouble they are having and steps in to help them refine their goals and to come to an agreement. The manager is pleased with Henry’s success in diffusing a potentially problematic situation and promotes Henry to project leader. Henry assumed which of Simmel’s roles? Select one: a. mediator b. team leader c. divide et impera d. tertius gaudens

C

Which of the following types of groups do people compare themselves to, even if they don’t know each other personally? Select one: a. in-groups b. out-groups c. reference groups d. primary groups

B

Which of the following is a federal law that eliminated quotas on national origins for potential immigrants to the United States? Select one: a. the Fourteenth Amendment b. the Hart-Cellar Act c. Title IX d. the Civil Rights Act

D

Which sociologist distinguished between primary and secondary groups? Select one: a. Georg Simmel b. Max Weber c. Erving Goffman d. Charles Horton Cooley

A

The shared beliefs and behaviors within a social group, also called "corporate culture," is known as: Select one: a. organizational culture. b. cross-culture. c. interculture. d. counterculture.

A

According to Simmel, the essential feature of a party is that it is: Select one: a. multifocal. b. unifocal. c. unfocused. d. difficult to control.

B

According to data presented in Chapter 5, which of the following is true regarding social capital in the United States today? Select one: a. Social capital is increasing. b. Social capital is decreasing. c. Social capital is relatively the same as it was 30 years ago. d. Social capital data are not available to sociologists.

B

The sum of stories about a set of ties that exist between people is known as aNo: Select one: a. social network. b. narrative. c. uniplex tie. d. multiplex tie.

A

A person who intentionally tries to drive a wedge between two other people is termed by Simmel as: Select one: a. divide and conquer. b. the third that rejoices. c. slash and burn. d. scapegoat.

B

Sets of dyads held together by ties between the individuals are known as: Select one: a. triads. b. social networks. c. primary groups. d. reference groups.

C

Cooley distinguished between two types of groups he called: Select one: a. triads and dyads. b. small and large groups. c. primary and secondary groups. d. parties and wild bashes.

B

Chapter 5, which explores interaction in groups, opens with a story about an Australian artist who creates a business importing and distributing food products and utilities from around the globe. Her business would not be possible without: Select one: a. coffee. b. social networks. c. Web documentation. d. a cell phone.

B

Let’s pretend that you are at a party with a very close group of friends one evening, and you spy an acquaintance (a former classmate from a sociology class) at the same party. If the acquaintance becomes friends with your group of friends, the tie between you and your former classmate is stronger, because: Select one: a. you are now much more intimate with your former classmate. b. it is now reinforced by the ties between your close group of friends. c. ties to your close group of friends have changed. d. the nature of the relationships between you and your close group of friends has changed.

A

In hopes of earning a few dollars on investments they no longer use or want, some people take their household items to consignment shops, while other people sell their items on eBay. Which method of selling can be argued to have more structural holes? Select one: a. Selling through a consignment shop, because buyers are prevented from negotiating with sellers. b. Selling via eBay, because buyers and sellers can negotiate without third-party interference. c. Selling via a consignment shop, because everyone (buyers, sellers, shop owners) benefits. d. Selling via eBay, because structural holes increase as the number of bids increases.

D

Because of the Hart-Cellar Act, immigrants who come to the United States today have it much easier than previous generations because: Select one: a. they have less paperwork to fill out and less "red tape" to muddle through. b. they have help from government agencies who place them in jobs. c. they face less discrimination and hostility when they arrive in the United States. d. they have more connections to housing, jobs, and other resources in their community.