SEX LINKED INHERITANCE

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Which allele combination represents a female who is a carrier for an X-linked recessive disorder?
XRXr
XrXr
XRY
XrY

XRXr

Which pedigree symbol is used to represent a female carrier of a recessive X-linked trait?

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B

Drosophila eye color is an X-linked trait. Red eye color is dominant, and white eye color is recessive. Which Punnett square shows the probability that 100 percent of offspring will have red eyes?

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A

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. Cats that have coats that are a patchwork of black and orange are called tortoiseshell cats, are typically female, and have genes that code for both black fur (Xo) and orange fur (XO) located on the X chromosomes. Y chromosomes do not code for color in tortoiseshell cats. A female cat that has only orange fur (XOXO) is crossed with a male cat that has only black fur (XoY).

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How many of the offspring will exhibit tortoiseshell coloring?
1 in 4
2 in 4
3 in 4
4 in 4

2 in 4

Which allele combination represents a female who has a heterozygous sex-linked trait?
XRY
XrY
XRXr
XRXR

XRXr

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder (Xh) that is passed through generations and can be traced by using a pedigree.

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Based on the pedigree that is shown, which describes John?
carrier for hemophilia
expresses hemophilia
does not have hemophilia
expresses hemophilia and died of complications

does not have hemophilia

What is genotype for a recessive trait found on the female chromosome?
Yh
Xh
XH
YH

Xh

Which symbol is used to label a male that expresses a sex-linked disorder on a pedigree?

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D

Which is not considered a sex-linked trait?
purple flower color in pea plants
eye color in fruit flies
red-green color blindness in humans
hemophilia in humans

purple flower color in pea plants

What was Thomas Hunt Morgan’s main contribution to science?
He discovered that certain traits were linked to the X chromosome.
He discovered that certain traits were linked to the Y chromosome.
He created the first white-eyed female Drosophila.
He created the first white-eyed male Drosophila.

He discovered that certain traits were linked to the X chromosome.

Which combination of alleles best describes a sex-linked trait?
heterozygous alleles
homozygous alleles
alleles that are carried on X and Y chromosomes
alleles that are carried on somatic cells

alleles that are carried on X and Y chromosomes

How are sex-linked traits inherited?
Alleles are passed from the parents’ sex chromosomes to nonsex chromosomes in the offspring.
Alleles are passed from the parents’ nonsex chromosomes to the sex chromosomes in the offspring.
Alleles are passed from the parents’ sex chromosomes to the sex chromosomes in the offspring.
Alleles are passed from the parents’ nonsex chromosomes to nonsex chromosomes in the offspring.

Alleles are passed from the parents’ sex chromosomes to the sex chromosomes in the offspring.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive disorder.

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What is the probability that a female offspring of the cross that is shown above would have a recessive allele for Duchenne muscular dystrophy disorder?
0 percent
25 percent
NOT 50 percent
100 percent

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder (Xh) that is passed through generations and can be traced by using a pedigree.

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What is the probability that a female child of Charles and Marie would suffer from hemophilia?
0 percent
25 percent
50 percent
100 percent

0 percent

Which statement about inheritance is true?
Girls get most of their traits from their moms; boys get most of their traits from their dads.
Male offspring will always have an X-linked genetic disease if the mom is a carrier.
Fathers always determine the gender of the offspring in humans.
Males never have Y chromosomes.

Fathers always determine the gender of the offspring in humans.

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