Psychology Quiz 6

deliver electric shocks to a learner for giving incorrect answers

Participants in the Milgram Studies were ordered to _______________.

gain social approval

Normative social influence results from peoples’ desire to ___________.

comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request

The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to _____________.

the intent to hurt

According to the text, aggression always involves ______________.

experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar

The mere exposure effect refers to the fact that people _____________.

fundamental attribution error

In explaining the actions of people we do not know well, we often demonstrate the ______________.

the group judgement was clearly incorrect

Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group’s judgment of the lengths of lines when _______________.

exert less effort when they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal

Social Loafing refers to the tendency for people to ____________.

individuals share a similar opinion

Group Polarization is most likely to occur in a group which _____________.

groupthink

The ill-fated decision of President John F. Kennedy and his advisors in invade Cuba best Illustrates the dangers of _______________.

role

The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as a (n) ____________________.

an attempt to achieve some goal is blocked

The frustration-aggression principle suggests that anger results when ____________.

an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members

Prejudice is best defined as ______________.

social psychology

Which branch of psychology is most directly concerned with the study of how people think about, influence and relate to one another?

role-playing on attitudes

Philip Zimbardo devised a simulated prison and randomly assigned college students to serve as prisoners or guards. This experiment best illustrated the impact of _________________.

conformity

Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called _____________.

social inequalities

Prejudice is most likely to develop as a way of justifying ______________.

a loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

Deindividuation refers to __________________.

social responsibility norm

An expectation that people will help those who depend on them is known as the __________________.

social scripts

Culturally modeled guides for how to act in various situations are called _________________.

altruism

Behaving with unselfish concern for the welfare of others is called _______________.

discrimination

Unjustifiable and negative behavior toward a group and its members is called _____________________.

even ordinary people, who are not usually hostile, can become agents of destruction

According to Milgram, the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study of obedience is that ____________________.

situational influences; personal dispositions

The fundamental attribution error refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of _____________and to overestimate the impact of _________________in explaining the behavior of others.

emergency is being observed by a number of other people

The bystander effect refers to the tendency for an observer of an emergency to withhold aid if the ____________________.

a great sense of responsibility for engaging in behaviors of which we personally disapprove

We are most likely to experience cognitive dissonance if we feel _______________.

passionate love

The two-factor theory of emotion has been used to explain ____________.

perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others

Social Facilitation refers to the tendency to _________________.

Equity, self-disclosure, and positive support

Three keys to an enduring companionate love include ___________,___________, and _____________.

how people explain others’ behavior

Attribution theory was designed to account for _________________.