Psych2

Your page rank:

Total word count: 2081
Pages: 8

Calculate the Price

- -
275 words
Looking for Expert Opinion?
Let us have a look at your work and suggest how to improve it!
Get a Consultant

Hypnosis involves a state of

Heightnened openness to suggestion

Research on susceptibility to hypnosis indicates that

people who are highly responsive to hypnotic suggestion tend to become absorbed in the imaginary events of a novel or a movie.

behaved in the same fashion as unhypnotized individuals.

In one study both hypnotized and unhypnotized subjects were told to throw acid in a researcher’s face. In this experiment, hypnotized people

posthyponic suggestion

Just prior to awakening Chinua from a hypnotic state the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette. Chinua’s therapist was attempting to make use of

report little pain from placing their arms in an ice bath.

People can be hypnotically induced to

social influence

The claim (Lynn et al 1990) that hypnotic phenomena are regulated by normal conscious processes is associated with the theory that hypnosis reflects the power of

Orne and Evans(1965) discovered that unhypnotized subjects performed the same dangerous acts as hypnotized subjects. This finding is most consistent with the theory that hypnosis involves

Conscious role-playing

Ernest Hilgard (1986) believed hypnosis involves social influence and a split in consciousness in which some thoughts occur simultaneously with and yet separately from other thoughts is called

dissociation

Hilgard’s divided-consciousness theory of hypnosis receives support from evidence that

hypnotized people can endure pain(ice bath) without experiencing emotional distress.

One plausible theory suggests that hypnosis relieves pain by

distracting attention

biopsychosocial

Understanding hypnosis in terms of focused attention distinctive brain activity, and the presence of an authoritative presence in a legitimate context, requires an integrated ________ approach.

Hypnotic pain relief may also result from another form of dual processing called ________ _________

selective attention

Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called ________ drugs.

psychoactive

The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of

tollerance

The change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug is called

neuroadaptation.

withdrawl

When Celeste was unable to obtain her regular supply of heroin she began to develop pain and an intense craving for the drug. Celeste was experiencing symptoms of

Physical pain and intense cravings indicate

physical dependence

psychological dependence

Although Max never experiences caffeine withdrawal symptoms he feels that he emotionally needs coffee every morning as part of his daily routine. Max best illustrates

Compulsive craving for and use of a drug is an indication of

addiction

Researchers are most likely to question the value of hypnosis for

enhancing memory

Consciousness

our awareness of ourselves and our environment

which specific area would be most interested in identfying the cortical activation patterns associated with a person’s perception of different objects

cognitive neuroscience

Dual processing

Simultaneously processing on separate conscious and unconscious tracks

Compared with unsconscious information processing, conscious information processing is relatively

slow and especially effective for solving new problems

Our inability to consciously process all the sensory information available to us at any single point in time best illustrates the nessicity of

selective attention

The cocktail party effect or unsafe road crossing provides an example of

selective attention

In one experiment most of the participants that viewed a videotape of men tossing a basketball remained unaware of an umbrella toting woman sauntering across the screen illustrates

in-attentional blindness

man giving directions to a younger man and a construction worker interrupts by passing between with door, and the man giving the directions didn’t notice a switch in younger man illustrates

change blindness

Circadian rhythm

a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24-hour cycle

Circadian rhythm

influenced by light-sensitive retinal proteins that trigger signals to the suprachiasmatic

Jordanna has decided to go to bed early, although her eyes are closed and she is very relaxed she has not fallen asleep

An electroencephalograph is most likely to indicate the presence of alpha waves

Hypnagogic sensations are most closely associated with what stage of sleep

Stage 1

Sleep spindles

rythmic burst of brain activity that occur during stage 2 sleep

Bed wetting is most likely to occur at what stage of sleep

slow wave

At 1:00 AM Luis gets out of bed and begins to sleepwalk an EEG of his brain is most likely to indicate the presence of

Delta waves

You spend about half of your night in what stage of sleep

Stage 2

At 3 in the morning John has already slept for 4 hours, if sleep continues we can expect an increase occurrence of

REM Sleep

Brain waves associated with REM sleep are most similar with what stage of sleep

Stage 1

REM sleep is also called paradoxical sleep because

our nervous system is highly active while our voluntary muscles hardly move

40 year old Lance insist that he never dreams, research suggest that he probably

would report a vivid dream if he were awakened during REM sleep

The human sleep cycle repeats itself every

90 minutes

Research on sleep patterns indicates that

sleep patterns may be genetically influenced

chronic sleep deprivation is likely to

promote obesity and impair memory

sleep deprivation_____the production of body fat by____levels of the stress hormone cortisol

stimulates; increasing

From ages 3 to 6, the brain’s neural networks are sprouting most rapidly in the

frontal lobes.

When Tommy’s mother hides his favorite toy under a blanket, he acts as though it no longer exists and makes no attempt to retrieve it. Tommy is clearly near the beginning of Piaget’s ________ stage

sensorimotor

After 4-month-olds habituated to an image of a cube, they stared longer when shown

an impossible rather than a possible version of the cube.

When researcher Karen Wynn showed 5-month-old infants a numerically impossible outcome, the infants

stared longer at the outcome.

If children cannot grasp the principle of conservation, they are unable to

recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape.

Mrs. Pearson cut Judy’s hot dog into eight pieces and Sylvia’s into six pieces. Sylvia cried because she felt she wasn’t getting as much hot dog as Judy. Piaget would say that Sylvia doesn’t understand the principle of

conservation

According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to

the difficulty perceiving things from another person’s point of view.

Five-year-olds who were surprised to discover that a Band-Aids box contained pencils were able to anticipate their friend’s false belief about the contents of the box. This best illustrates that the children had developed a

theory of mind.

An impaired theory of mind is most closely associated with

autism

One variation in the autism spectrum is characterized by normal intelligence, often accompanied by exceptional skill in a particular area, but deficient social and communication skills. This disorder is called

Asperger syndrome

Psychologist Simon Baron-Cohen has proposed that autism is indicative of an inborn

male systemizing tendency.

When people with autism watch another person’s hand movements, they display less ________ than most others

mirror neuron activity

The Russian psychologist Vygotsky suggested that children’s ability to solve problems is enhanced by

interaction with the social environment

According to Piaget, a person first comprehends that division is the reverse of multiplication during the ________ stage

concrete operational

At about 8 months, children become increasingly likely to react to newcomers with tears and distress. This best illustrates

stranger anxiety.

Infants develop a fear of strangers at about 8 months of age because they can’t assimilate unfamiliar faces into their

schemas

The powerful survival impulse that leads infants to seek closeness to their caregivers is called

attachment.

Studies of monkeys raised with artificial mothers suggest that mother-infant emotional bonds result primarily from mothers providing infants with

body contact.

Which of the following is an example of imprinting?

A duckling demonstrates attachment to a bouncing ball.

Unlike ducklings, children do not imprint. Their fondness for certain people, however, is fostered by

mere exposure.

At about eight months of age, people across the world start to ________ strangers; as adults, they prefer the company of those whose attributes are ________ to their own

fear; similar

Every nongenetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us, in an aspect of our

environment.

The impact of our cultural backgrounds on the development of our personal values best illustrates the influence of

the environment.

The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and personality traits is known as

behavior genetics.

A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on

personality traits.

DNA is a complex

molecule.

The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes are called

genes.

Depending on environmental conditions, specific genes can be either

active or inactive.

The genome is the complete

set of genetic material in an organism’s chromosomes.

Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer’s disease is influenced by

heredity.

Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are ________ similar in neuroticism and ________ similar in risk of divorcing

less; less

Compared with fraternal twins, identical twins are much more similar in

all of these: extraversion, neuroticism, temperament

Environmental influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing

identical twins raised together with identical twins raised apart.

Although identical twins have been shown to have some amazing psychological similarities, one should be cautious about attributing these similarities to genetic factors because

any two strangers are likely to share a string of coincidental similarities.

The personalities of adopted children

are not very similar to the personalities of their adoptive parents.

Research most clearly suggests that personality traits are more strongly influenced by

genes than by home environment.

The home environment most clearly has a greater influence on children’s ________ than on their ________.-

religious beliefs; personality traits

The labels "easy," "difficult," and "slow-to-warm-up" are used to refer to differences in an infant’s

temperament

Difficult babies with an intense and highly reactive temperament tend to be

irritable and unpredictable.

A child’s temperament is likely to be

stable over time.

Heritability refers to the extent to which

trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations.

An African butterfly that is green in the summer turns brown in the fall thanks to a temperature-controlled genetic switch. This best illustrates that genes are

self-regulating.

People have always responded so positively to Alyssa’s good looks that she has developed a socially confident and outgoing personality. This best illustrates

the interaction of nature and nurture.

Assessing possible links between specific chromosome segments and alcohol dependence would be of greatest interest to a(n)

molecular geneticist.

Dmitry Belyaev and Lyudmila Trut successfully domesticated wild foxes by means of

selective mating.

Developmental psychologists study physical, cognitive, and ________ changes throughout the human life cycle

social

One of the three major concerns of developmental psychology centers around the issue of

continuity or stages.

A teratogen is a(n)

substance that can cross the placental barrier and harm an unborn child.

If research suggested that a pregnant mother’s use of an artificial sweetener caused harm to the fetus, the artificial sweetener would be considered a(n)

teratogen.

Darlene smoked heavily during the entire 9 months of her pregnancy. Her newborn baby will most likely be

underweight.

The symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome are most likely to include

brain abnormalities.

Habituation refers to the

decreasing responsiveness to a stimulus to which one is repeatedly exposed.

Infant novelty preferences have been discovered by assessing infants’

habituation.

Newborns have been observed to show the greatest visual interest in a

facelike image.

Maturation refers to

biological growth processes that are relatively uninfluenced by experience.

Infant motor development is typically characterized by individual differences in ________ of the major developmental milestones

the age-related timing but not the sequence

The relative lack of neural interconnections in the association areas of the brain at the time of birth is most likely to contribute to

infantile amnesia.

Cognition refers to -According to Piaget, schemas are

people’s conceptual frameworks for understanding their experiences.

Interpreting new experiences in terms of existing schemas is called

assimilation.

The first time that 4-year-old Sarah saw her older brother play a flute, she thought it was simply a large whistle. Sarah’s initial understanding of the flute best illustrates the process of

assimilation.

Which of the following represents the correct order of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

Olivia understands her world primarily by grasping and sucking easily available objects. Olivia is clearly in Piaget’s ________ stage

sensorimotor

During which of Piaget’s stages does a person develop an awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived?

sensorimotor

When researcher Karen Wynn showed 5-month-old infants a numerically impossible outcome, the infants

stared longer at the outcome.

Share This
Flashcard

More flashcards like this

NCLEX 10000 Integumentary Disorders

When assessing a client with partial-thickness burns over 60% of the body, which finding should the nurse report immediately? a) ...

Read more

NCLEX 300-NEURO

A client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) tells the nurse, "Sometimes I feel so frustrated. I can’t do anything without ...

Read more

NASM Flashcards

Which of the following is the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body? Diffusion ...

Read more

Unfinished tasks keep piling up?

Let us complete them for you. Quickly and professionally.

Check Price

Successful message
sending