Which of the following statements is correct concerning what hypnosis can do? |
A) hypnosis can create amnesia |
What is the primary difference between a hypnogogic and hypnopompic hallucination? |
A) Hypnogogic hallucinations occur just after we've fallen asleep, while hypnopompic hallucinations occur between REM sleep and waking up. |
After taking a drug for several years, Bruce decides to quit taking it. He begins to experience a variety of physical symptoms, psychological symptoms such as irritability, and a strong craving for the substance. What term is used to describe what Bruce is experiencing? |
C. withdrawals |
LSD is similar to which of the following drugs? |
C) PCP |
Consciousness is the ________. |
B) awareness of ourselves and the environment |
You see an advertisement for a method of learning a foreign language that seems simple—just put on a tape and fall asleep. The accompanying description cites proof that people can learn while asleep. Being a good psychological detective, what question would you ask about the offered proof? |
B? |
Periods of REM sleep alternate with periods of non-REM sleep in a cycle that recurs about every ________ minutes or so. |
B. 90 |
______ is a disorder in which breathing briefly stops during sleep, causing the person to choke, gasp, and momentarily awaken. |
A) sleep apnea |
To treat your sleep problem, you are told that you should not nap, you should set your alarm clock to wake up at the same time each day, and you should get out of bed if you cannot sleep. What sleep disorder have you been experiencing? |
C) insomnia |
When amphetamines are abused, the resulting effects may include ________. |
A)loss of appetite, nausea, high blood pressure, and vomiting |
Drugs that speed up the functioning of the nervous system are called ________. |
A) stimulants |
A client tells his therapist about a dream of riding on a train with his boss. At the end of the journey, the boss gets off the train at a terminal. The therapist suggests that the "terminal" in the dream indicates an unconscious desire by the client to "terminate" his boss. This desire to terminate the boss, if it exists, would reflect what Freud called the ________ content of the dream. |
D) latent |
According to Freud, the visible, or directly observable, content of a dream is its ________ content. |
B) manifest |
Which statement is correct concerning how much sleep people need? |
C) Most young adults need between 7 and 9 hours of sleep. |
A circadian cycle is about ________ hours long. |
D) 24 |
Which of the following statements is correct concerning what hypnosis CANNOT do? |
B. Hypnosis cannot regress people back to childhood |
Louisa has just drifted off to sleep on the sofa, and is almost immediately awakened by her mother, who urges her to go to bed. Louisa insists that she was not sleeping, but is now terrified by the ghost that she is sure she has seen. Louisa is probably experiencing a(n.: |
A. hypnogogic hallucination. |
The need to take a drug in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms is called ________. |
D. physical dependence |
Which statement is correct concerning marijuana? |
D. Marijuana usage can lead to psychological dependence. |
The state we are in when we are awake and reasonably alert is called ________. |
B. waking consciousness |
The stage of sleep in which delta waves begin to appear is ________ sleep. |
C. Stage 3 (N3. |
Which device would a sleep researcher use to monitor a sleeping person's brain waves? |
D. electroencephalograph (EEG. |
You are telling a joke to your friend who is laughing uproariously and then suddenly collapses to the floor. You are not surprised to later learn that he has a sleep disorder known as ________. |
B. narcolepsy |
Benzedrine, methedrine, and dexedrine are all ________. |
D. amphetamines |
The activation-synthesis hypothesis resulted from using ________. |
D. PET scans |
In comparing the dreams of men and women, researchers have found that generally ________. |
D. Men's dreams more often involve cars, weapons, tools, and sex |
Melatonin is a ________. |
A. hormone |
You meet a psychologist who says she views hypnosis from the social-cognitive perspective. Which of the following is the best description of what her view of hypnosis would be? |
D. People play the role of a hypnotized person; hypnosis is not an altered state of consciousness. |
Upon just waking up, you report a vivid visual event. What term do psychologists use for such phenomena? |
D. hypnopompic image |
Which of the following is NOT an altered state of consciousness? |
A. concentration |
You are watching sleep researchers monitor the sleep of a normal adult. The participant is hooked up to an EEG. What brain waves would you observe as the person becomes drowsy and then enters the first stage of sleep? |
C. beta eventually replaced by alpha |
A student nurse looks at a patient's chart and does not understand the meaning of serious sleep apnea, so she asks the head nurse for assistance. How might the head nurse describe this condition? |
D. The patient has a potentially life-threatening condition in which air does not flow into or out of his nose or mouth for periods of time while he is asleep. |
Mary is having insomnia. Which piece of advice would you give to help her deal with it? |
D. Don't do anything but sleep in your bed. |
Heroin addiction has been treated with ________. |
C. methadone |
Which of the following is classified as a depressant? |
B. alcohol |
Interpretation of the ________ content of a dream is expected to reveal the ________ content. |
B. manifest; latent |
Sigmund Freud would agree with all of the following EXCEPT ________. |
D. Freud never really believed that dreams represented the unconscious |
How does Ernest Hilgard explain pain reduction through hypnosis? |
C. Hypnotized individuals dissociate the experience, so part of the mind is unaware of the pain. |
Chemicals that can alter thinking, perception, and memory are called ________. |
D. psychoactive drugs |
What term do sleep researchers use to designate stages 1-4 of sleep? |
B. non-REM sleep |
Which of these individuals has the highest risk of sleep apnea? |
A. John, 62 years old, who is overweight |
If Frank is using a drug that causes addiction in nearly 75% of those who use it, he is probably ingesting ________. |
... |
Drugs derived from opium are called ________. |
C. narcotics |
A client tells his therapist about a dream of riding on a train with his boss. At the end of the journey, the boss gets off the train at a terminal. The content of this dream, as related by the client to the therapist, is what Freud called its ________. |
B. manifest content |
The best adjectives associated with the activation-synthesis hypothesis are ________. |
A. bizarre, meaningless, and random |
SCN stands for ________. |
B. suprachiasmatic nucleus |