The branch of psychology that is focused on understanding the internal physical events and processes that correspond with our experiences and behavior is called: |
biological psychology |
A neuroscientist would be most likely to study which of the following topics? |
D |
The branch of science that is concerned with the study of the nervous system is called: |
neuroscience |
Neurons are: |
highly specialized cells that receive and transmit information from one area of the body to another. |
There are roughly _____ neurons in the human brain. |
100 Billion |
Which of the following signals muscles to relax or contract? |
Motor Neurons |
Information from specialized cells in the sense organs is conveyed to the brain by: |
sensory neurons |
The three basic types of neurons are: |
sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. |
_____ neurons convey information about the environment from the sense organs to the brain, and _____ neurons communicate information to the muscles and glands. |
Sensory; motor |
The type of specialized cell whose main function is to communicate between neurons is a(n): |
interneuron. |
Most of the neurons in the human nervous system are: |
interneurons |
Which of the following statements about the properties of neurons is TRUE? |
B |
The word dendrite comes from a Greek word meaning "_____." |
tree |
The amount of information that a neuron can receive increases with the number of _____ that the neuron has. |
dendrites and dendrite branches |
Most neurons have all of the following parts, EXCEPT: |
Association Areas |
Which of the following statements about the axon is FALSE? |
C |
Which part of the neuron receives messages from other neurons? |
Dendrites |
A neuron may have thousands of _____, but can have only one _____. |
dendrites; axon |
The part of the neuron that carries messages to other cells in the body is the: |
axon. |
Which statement most accurately describes the length of axons? |
B |
The primary function of the myelin sheath is to: |
insulate the axon and increase the speed at which neurons convey their message. |
Compared to neurons that do not have myelin, neurons with myelin: |
can communicate up to 20 times faster. |
Multiple sclerosis is a disease that involves: |
the degeneration of the myelin sheath, slowing or interrupting the transmission of neural messages. |
As a general rule, communication within a neuron progresses from: |
the dendrites to the cell body to the axon. |
Information is transmitted along the axon: |
... |
The all-or-none law refers to the fact that: |
either the neuron is sufficiently stimulated and an action potential occurs or it is not sufficiently stimulated and the action potential does not occur. |
Which two factors affect the speed at which the action potential is conducted along a neuron's axon? |
A |
The fastest neurons in the human body communicate their messages at: |
speeds up to 270 miles per hour. |
The presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron are separated by a tiny, fluid-filled space called the: |
synaptic gap |
The point of communication between two neurons is called the: |
Synapse |
Presynaptic neuron is to postsynaptic neuron as: |
message-sending neuron is to message-receiving neuron. |
Ninety-nine percent of communication between neurons is: |
electrical. |
Which of the following best defines a neurotransmitter? |
a chemical messenger that crosses the synaptic gap between neurons |
Synaptic vesicles contain: |
Neurotransmitters |
In synaptic transmission, the action potential stimulates the release of: |
neurotransmitters by the synaptic vesicles. |
What happens to the neurotransmitters that fail to attach to a receptor site? |
In a process called reuptake, they are often reabsorbed by the sending neuron and recycled. |
Like a key in a lock, the shape of the _____ must fit the _____ to affect the postsynaptic neuron. |
neurotransmitter; receptor site |