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The pursuit of an activity for external reward is called what? |
Extrinsic motivation |
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Need for achievement is also referred to as what? |
nAch |
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What do we call biologically determined, innate patterns of behavior? |
Instincts |
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What is the state called in which some psychologists believe that an organism’s behavior is motivated by the need to achieve a state of balance in which the body functions effectively? |
Homeostasis |
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According to Maslow’s hierarchy, which needs must be met first? |
Physiological |
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In arousal theory, people are said to have what level of tension? |
Optimal |
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One interesting thing about incentive approaches is that incentives__ |
Exist independently of any need or level of arousal |
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The pursuit of an activity for its own sake is propelled by what? |
Intrinsic motivation |
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What does BMR stand for? |
Basal metabolic rate |
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Which hormone is secreted into the bloodstream by fatty tissue to signal the hypothalamus that the body has had enough food, reducing appetite and increasing the feeling of being full? |
Leptin |
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Which of the following is correct concerning the interaction of culture and foods? |
American women eat when they are depressed whereas Japanese women eat because of social demands |
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People who are attempting to become extremely thing by refusing to eat suffer from what? |
Anorexia nervosa |
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What is the part of the brain that seems to influence emotion? |
Amygdala |
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Seeing a snake, and then simultaneously running away from it and becoming frightened, is the sequence of events postulated by what theory? |
The Cannon-Bard theory |
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Which theory states that a stimulus triggers physiological changes that produce emotion? |
James-Lange theory |
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What are affective states accompanied by physiological changes that often influence behavior? |
Emotions |
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Which part of the body have researchers concluded to be the most important part in nonverbal communication? |
Face |
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Anger; thirst; fear; lust; disgust. |
Thirst |
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Which theory of emotion includes activation of the thalamus? |
Cannon-Bard |
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Which terms best describe Schachter and Singer’s theory of emotion? |
Arousal and context |
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According to cognitive-mediational theories, would appraisal of the situation come before or after the physical arousal and the experience of emotion? |
Before |
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What are some of Myer’s suggestions for becoming happier? |
Realize that enduring happiness doesn’t come from success, act happy, exercise, sleep more than 5 hours a night |
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What are the two things Schachter and Singer proposed that have to happen before emotion occurs? |
Physical arousal and labeling |
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What is the process by which facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed? |
Facial feedback |
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What occurs when people experience unpleasant stressors? |
Distress |
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Ali, a war veteran, has nightmares, flashbacks, and anxiety attacks for the past three years. What is Ali most likely suffering from? |
Post-traumatic stress disorder |
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What is the term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are threatening or challenging? |
Stress |
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Which major life event has the highest number of life change units? |
Death of a spouse |
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Did Teresa Amabile find that time pressure has a positive or negative impact on one’s ability to be creative? |
Negative |
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Which type of conflict occurs when a person must choose between two goals that have both positive and negative aspects? |
Double approach-avoidance |
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What is the condition in which the person has lost the ability to experience pleasure? |
Anhedonia |
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Choosing between going to a movie or a concert (both positive things) would be and example of which conflict? |
Approach-approach |
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Which field studies the effects of psychological factors such as stress, emotions, thinking, and behavior on the immune system? |
Psychoneuroimmunology |
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What kind of people tend to not live to the average life expectancy? |
Aggressive |
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What is one reason why living in poverty is stressful? |
There’s an increased rate of disabilities due to poor prenatal care |
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What is the stress called that results from the need to change and adapt to the dominant, or majority, culture? |
Acculturative stress |
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What is the psychological defense mechanism someone uses when trying to become like someone else in order to deal with anxiety? |
Identification |
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What is the coping method that involves changing the way you feel or emotionally react to a stressor? |
Emotion-focused coping |
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Research shows that __ lowers blood pressure in adolescents and adults. |
Concentrative meditation |
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Coping with stress in the Vietnamese culture typically includes what? |
Eating certain foods |
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According to studies, people involved in a religion and attend services regularly are more likely to what? |
Live longer than those who do not have religious beliefs |
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What is the practice of behaviors and lifestyle choices that promote both physical and mental health called? |
Wellness |
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