PSYC 302 Chapter 5

Shelley experiences persistent feelings of detachment from herself, as if she were observing herself from outside her body. The experience is so intense that she often has trouble remembering who she is and functioning in a coherent manner. Shelley most likely suffers from:
a. Severe anxiety attacks.
b. A dissociative disorder.
c. Persistent depression.

d. Illness anxiety disorder.

b

With regard to the treatment of hypochondriasis, some research supports the use of
a. classical conditioning and operant conditioning.

b. psychoanalysis.

c. cognitive-behavioral treatment and stress management.
d. humanistic therapy.

c

Loss of physical functioning without any physical cause is most likely a case of
a. conversion disorder.

b. Illness anxiety disorder.

c. Somatic symptom disorder
d. None of the above.

a

George has completely lost his sight during the past year, but medical experts can find no physical reason for his blindness. This could be an example of
a. Somatic symptoms disorder.
b. Illness anxiety

c. conversion disorder.

d. dissociative disorder.

c

Min has been experiencing repeated seizures, but none of the neurologists he has visited could find any abnormal EEG activity. He is likely exhibiting a case of
Dissociative disorder
a. Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
b. Globus hystericus

c. Aphonia

d. All of the above

a

Conversion disorder patients were conceptualized by Freud as
a. converting unconscious conflicts into physical symptoms.
b. converting unconscious conflicts into defense mechanisms.
c. experiencing physical symptoms as a result of the superego.
d. experiencing internal conflicts as a result of physical illness.

a

Conversion disorder symptoms generally appear
a. out of the blue.

b. following a physical injury to the affected area.
c. following a traumatic event.

d. in women with repressed sexuality.

c

Which of the following would be typical for a patient suffering from a conversion disorder?
a. Ability to avoid walking into things even though the patient reports being unable to see anything

b. Ability to see some bright objects when calm but suffering complete loss of sight during a stressful period or emergency
c. Performance far below average when asked to name objects in the visual field when the patient reports blindness
d. Ability to name everything in the visual field even though the patient reports blindness

a

An example of factitious disorder imposed on another is
a. deliberate actions directed toward making a child sick.

b. a parent lying to a doctor, e.g., saying that the child has had symptoms that never really existed.
c. a parent developing the same symptoms that the child exhibits.

d. convincing a child to lie to a doctor about factitious symptoms.

a

Parents suspected of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy show all of the following typical behaviors EXCEPT
a. helping medical staff to discover the true nature of the child's illness.
b. developing a positive relationship with medical staff.

c. appearing extremely concerned and caring toward the child.

d. purposefully making the child sick.

a

The modern view of the causes of conversion disorder is
a. completely different from Freud's ideas of the etiology of this disorder.
b. somewhat similar to the causes that Freud described for this disorder.
c. a combination of genetic predisposition and neurobiological trauma.
d. based on social learning theory.

b

In treating conversion disorder, which of the following statements is true?
a. Clients respond well to CBT.

b. Clients respond well to hypnosis.

c. Clients respond well when hypnosis and CBT are combined.
d. Clients do not respond well to any treatment.

a

According to your textbook, the following statement is true about the treatment of conversion disorder:
a. the principle treatment strategy for conversion disorder is to identify and attend to the traumatic or stressful life event.
b. the use of medication is generally supported in the treatment of conversion disorder.

c. social support and attention are the most effective method of treatment for conversion disorder.

d. in treating conversion disorder, Freudian methods to access the unconscious are the most effective.

a

Your textbook authors describe a treatment plan for conversion disorder involving
a. in-depth exploration of psychological conflicts.

b. regression to the early psychosexual stages of development.

c. application of a strict behavioral program that includes reinforcement for each display of progress and punishment when necessary.
d. removal of any benefits that patients receive for limitations imposed by the disorder.

d

Dissociation is most likely to happen
a. After an extremely stressful or a traumatic event
b. When there is potential secondary gain

c. When there is primary gain

d. when a patient is malingering

a

The experience of dissociation occurs in
a. psychotic disorders only.

b. individuals with dissociative disorders only.

c. only in those individuals who have experienced great personal trauma.
d. certain psychological disorders but also in non-disordered people at times.

d

Depersonalization is defined as
a. altered perception including loss of the sense of one's own reality.

b. altered perception involving loss of the sense of reality of the external world.
c. vivid hallucinations.

d. the feeling that one is no longer a person.

a

Derealization is defined as
a. vivid hallucinations.

b. altered perception involving loss of the sense of one's own reality.

c. altered perception involving loss of the sense of reality of the external world.
d. the feeling that one is no longer a person.

c

Brain imaging studies have found that depersonalization is associated with all of the following EXCEPT
a. Deficits in perception

b. Deficits in emotion regulation

c. Dysregulation in the HPA axis

d. Dysregulation of the visual cortices

d

Jason suddenly notices that the world looks weird to him. Some objects look bigger than normal and others look smaller. Cars passing by seem oddly shaped, and people appear dead or mechanical. Joe is experiencing
a. derealization.

b. depersonalization.

c. classic early psychosis symptoms.
d. mania.

a

The diagnosis of derealization-depersonalization disorder is
a. often co-occuring with other disorders

b. quite rare and only applicable to those diagnosed with psychosis

c. fairly common, since many people experience derealization and depersonalization.

d. fairly common and applied to anyone who is frightened by an experience of derealization or depersonalization.

a

During a fugue state, patients with what has been called dissociative fugue
a. travel and typically experience memory loss during their trip.

b. travel involuntarily but do not experience memory loss.

c. temporarily lose memory of who they are but are able to recover their sense of identity after the fugue state.
d. Permanently lose memory of who they are and seldom recover any sense of their own identity.

a

During a dissociative fugue state, it is not uncommon for individuals to
a. commit suicide.

b. see the world as a strange and foreign place.
c. take on a new identity.

d. Involuntarily contact friends and family.

c

. Individuals with dissociative identity disorder generally
a. Take on only one other distinct personality.

b. suffer a loss of their own identity that lasts several years.
c. maintain complete awareness of all of their personalities.
d. have several distinct personalities.

d

The defining feature of dissociative identity disorder is that aspects of the individual's personality are
a. fixated.

b. completely suppressed.
c. dissociated.

d. Dissociative Disorders

c

With regard to dissociative identity disorder, the term alter refers to ________ within the individual.
a. the "host" personality

b. a dangerous personality

c. the most recent personality to emerge
d. a different personality

d

In dissociative identity disorder, the "host" personality is usually the one that
a. is the most aggressive of the personalities.
b. asks for treatment and becomes the patient.
c. earns income for the individual.

d. is sexually provocative.

b

The existence of a cross-gendered alter in dissociative identity disorder is
a. common.

b. rare.

c. present in every patient.

d. almost never seen in this disorder.

a

Vanessa, who is 40, apparently believes that she is a 20-year-old woman. Suddenly, however, she starts to speak and behave very differently, and says she no longer thinks of herself as "Vanessa." Instead, she claims to be Elise, a 10-year-old child. It is likely that Vanessa has just experienced a
a. switch.

b. dissociative fugue.

c. conversion reaction.
d. Manic episode.

a

The causes of dissociative identity disorder appear to be
a. physical abuse.

b. sexual abuse.

c. witness to a traumatic event.
d. any of the above

d

Some theorists suggest that dissociative identity disorder is an extreme subtype of
a. dissociative amnesia.

b. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
c. posttraumatic stress disorder.

d. antisocial personality disorder.

c

The process of changing from one personality to another generally occurs ________ in most patients with dissociative identity disorder.
a. slowly

b. quickly

c. rarely

d. only after many warning signs that a change is about to occur

b

Comparisons of optical functioning in the various personalities of dissociative identity disorder patients show changes that would be
a. easy to fake.

b. absolutely impossible to fake.

c. consistent with an individual who was trying to fake.
d. difficult to fake.

d

Which of the following statements is the most accurate?
a. While DID symptoms can be faked or developed through suggestion, many physiological changes observed in DID patients would be very difficult to fake.
b. DID symptoms and the many physiological changes observed in DID patients can be developed through suggestion and are easily faked.
c. While physiological changes associated with DID are relatively easy to fake, the symptoms of DID are very difficult to fake or to develop through suggestion.
d. Almost all cases of DID are probably faked or developed through therapist suggestion.

a

Which of the following statements is the most accurate?
a. While DID symptoms can be faked or developed through suggestion, many physiological changes observed in DID patients would be very difficult to fake.
b. DID symptoms and the many physiological changes observed in DID patients can be developed through suggestion and are easily faked.
c. While physiological changes associated with DID are relatively easy to fake, the symptoms of DID are very difficult to fake or to develop through suggestion.
d. Almost all cases of DID are probably faked or developed through therapist suggestion.

c

Dissociative identity disorder is most commonly found in
a. females.
b. males.

c. children.
d. elderly.

a

Without treatment, it is expected that dissociative identity disorder will last
a. 10 years.

b. a lifetime.

c. several months.
d. 20 years.

b

Sue has dissociative identity disorder. It is extremely likely that she also has
a. at least one other psychological disorder.
b. a problem with her weight.

c. a history of problems with the law.

d. no desire to get better.

a

The main reason why dissociative identity disorder patients tend to have many additional psychological disorders is that
a. the number of personalities increases the number of disorders.

b. the severe trauma of childhood leads to many problems in later life.
c. they seek attention.

d. they are substance abusers.

b

The common feature in almost every case of dissociative identity disorder is
a. hallucinations and delusions.

b. unrelenting substance abuse.

c. a history of body dysmorphic disorder.
d. a history of severe child abuse.

d

The experience of dissociation (feelings of unreality; blunting of emotional experience and physical pain) during or immediately following a life-threatening situation is
a. a sign of psychopathology.

b. extremely rare in non-disordered individuals.
c. not well documented.

d. a normal reaction.

d

In studies conducted by Elizabeth Loftus and her colleagues, individuals were told about false events that had supposedly occurred when they were children. The results of these studies indicate that
a. people cannot be convinced of events that did not happen.

b. people can become quite convinced of events that never happened.

c. only individuals with diagnosable disorders can be convinced of events that never happened.

d. people can become convinced of events that did not happen only during hypnosis or other dissociative states.

b

Putnam et al. (1986) examined 100 cases of dissociative identity disorder, and found that ________ percent of the subjects had experienced significant trauma.
a. 25

b. 53
c. 97

d. 100

c

The victims most likely to have amnesia as a result of trauma are those who
a. suffered infrequent and relatively minor abuse.
b. suffered frequent but relatively minor abuse.
c. were victims of severe abuse and trauma.

d. were victims of natural disasters.

c

The general treatment plan for dissociative identity disorder patients usually centers on
a. integration of the personality fragments.

b. hypnotic regression of the host and each alter.
c. confrontation of the abuser.

d. the typical substance abuse treatment model.

a

The part of the treatment plan for dissociative identity disorder that is similar to the treatment plan for posttraumatic stress disorder is
a. integration of personality fragments through psychoanalysis.

b. use of antipsychotic medications.

c. reliving and reprocessing the trauma, similar to treatments for PTSD.
d. hypnotic regression to early life experiences.

c

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PSYC 302 Chapter 5

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Shelley experiences persistent feelings of detachment from herself, as if she were observing herself from outside her body. The experience is so intense that she often has trouble remembering who she is and functioning in a coherent manner. Shelley most likely suffers from:
a. Severe anxiety attacks.
b. A dissociative disorder.
c. Persistent depression.

d. Illness anxiety disorder.

b

With regard to the treatment of hypochondriasis, some research supports the use of
a. classical conditioning and operant conditioning.

b. psychoanalysis.

c. cognitive-behavioral treatment and stress management.
d. humanistic therapy.

c

Loss of physical functioning without any physical cause is most likely a case of
a. conversion disorder.

b. Illness anxiety disorder.

c. Somatic symptom disorder
d. None of the above.

a

George has completely lost his sight during the past year, but medical experts can find no physical reason for his blindness. This could be an example of
a. Somatic symptoms disorder.
b. Illness anxiety

c. conversion disorder.

d. dissociative disorder.

c

Min has been experiencing repeated seizures, but none of the neurologists he has visited could find any abnormal EEG activity. He is likely exhibiting a case of
Dissociative disorder
a. Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
b. Globus hystericus

c. Aphonia

d. All of the above

a

Conversion disorder patients were conceptualized by Freud as
a. converting unconscious conflicts into physical symptoms.
b. converting unconscious conflicts into defense mechanisms.
c. experiencing physical symptoms as a result of the superego.
d. experiencing internal conflicts as a result of physical illness.

a

Conversion disorder symptoms generally appear
a. out of the blue.

b. following a physical injury to the affected area.
c. following a traumatic event.

d. in women with repressed sexuality.

c

Which of the following would be typical for a patient suffering from a conversion disorder?
a. Ability to avoid walking into things even though the patient reports being unable to see anything

b. Ability to see some bright objects when calm but suffering complete loss of sight during a stressful period or emergency
c. Performance far below average when asked to name objects in the visual field when the patient reports blindness
d. Ability to name everything in the visual field even though the patient reports blindness

a

An example of factitious disorder imposed on another is
a. deliberate actions directed toward making a child sick.

b. a parent lying to a doctor, e.g., saying that the child has had symptoms that never really existed.
c. a parent developing the same symptoms that the child exhibits.

d. convincing a child to lie to a doctor about factitious symptoms.

a

Parents suspected of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy show all of the following typical behaviors EXCEPT
a. helping medical staff to discover the true nature of the child’s illness.
b. developing a positive relationship with medical staff.

c. appearing extremely concerned and caring toward the child.

d. purposefully making the child sick.

a

The modern view of the causes of conversion disorder is
a. completely different from Freud’s ideas of the etiology of this disorder.
b. somewhat similar to the causes that Freud described for this disorder.
c. a combination of genetic predisposition and neurobiological trauma.
d. based on social learning theory.

b

In treating conversion disorder, which of the following statements is true?
a. Clients respond well to CBT.

b. Clients respond well to hypnosis.

c. Clients respond well when hypnosis and CBT are combined.
d. Clients do not respond well to any treatment.

a

According to your textbook, the following statement is true about the treatment of conversion disorder:
a. the principle treatment strategy for conversion disorder is to identify and attend to the traumatic or stressful life event.
b. the use of medication is generally supported in the treatment of conversion disorder.

c. social support and attention are the most effective method of treatment for conversion disorder.

d. in treating conversion disorder, Freudian methods to access the unconscious are the most effective.

a

Your textbook authors describe a treatment plan for conversion disorder involving
a. in-depth exploration of psychological conflicts.

b. regression to the early psychosexual stages of development.

c. application of a strict behavioral program that includes reinforcement for each display of progress and punishment when necessary.
d. removal of any benefits that patients receive for limitations imposed by the disorder.

d

Dissociation is most likely to happen
a. After an extremely stressful or a traumatic event
b. When there is potential secondary gain

c. When there is primary gain

d. when a patient is malingering

a

The experience of dissociation occurs in
a. psychotic disorders only.

b. individuals with dissociative disorders only.

c. only in those individuals who have experienced great personal trauma.
d. certain psychological disorders but also in non-disordered people at times.

d

Depersonalization is defined as
a. altered perception including loss of the sense of one’s own reality.

b. altered perception involving loss of the sense of reality of the external world.
c. vivid hallucinations.

d. the feeling that one is no longer a person.

a

Derealization is defined as
a. vivid hallucinations.

b. altered perception involving loss of the sense of one’s own reality.

c. altered perception involving loss of the sense of reality of the external world.
d. the feeling that one is no longer a person.

c

Brain imaging studies have found that depersonalization is associated with all of the following EXCEPT
a. Deficits in perception

b. Deficits in emotion regulation

c. Dysregulation in the HPA axis

d. Dysregulation of the visual cortices

d

Jason suddenly notices that the world looks weird to him. Some objects look bigger than normal and others look smaller. Cars passing by seem oddly shaped, and people appear dead or mechanical. Joe is experiencing
a. derealization.

b. depersonalization.

c. classic early psychosis symptoms.
d. mania.

a

The diagnosis of derealization-depersonalization disorder is
a. often co-occuring with other disorders

b. quite rare and only applicable to those diagnosed with psychosis

c. fairly common, since many people experience derealization and depersonalization.

d. fairly common and applied to anyone who is frightened by an experience of derealization or depersonalization.

a

During a fugue state, patients with what has been called dissociative fugue
a. travel and typically experience memory loss during their trip.

b. travel involuntarily but do not experience memory loss.

c. temporarily lose memory of who they are but are able to recover their sense of identity after the fugue state.
d. Permanently lose memory of who they are and seldom recover any sense of their own identity.

a

During a dissociative fugue state, it is not uncommon for individuals to
a. commit suicide.

b. see the world as a strange and foreign place.
c. take on a new identity.

d. Involuntarily contact friends and family.

c

. Individuals with dissociative identity disorder generally
a. Take on only one other distinct personality.

b. suffer a loss of their own identity that lasts several years.
c. maintain complete awareness of all of their personalities.
d. have several distinct personalities.

d

The defining feature of dissociative identity disorder is that aspects of the individual’s personality are
a. fixated.

b. completely suppressed.
c. dissociated.

d. Dissociative Disorders

c

With regard to dissociative identity disorder, the term alter refers to ________ within the individual.
a. the "host" personality

b. a dangerous personality

c. the most recent personality to emerge
d. a different personality

d

In dissociative identity disorder, the "host" personality is usually the one that
a. is the most aggressive of the personalities.
b. asks for treatment and becomes the patient.
c. earns income for the individual.

d. is sexually provocative.

b

The existence of a cross-gendered alter in dissociative identity disorder is
a. common.

b. rare.

c. present in every patient.

d. almost never seen in this disorder.

a

Vanessa, who is 40, apparently believes that she is a 20-year-old woman. Suddenly, however, she starts to speak and behave very differently, and says she no longer thinks of herself as "Vanessa." Instead, she claims to be Elise, a 10-year-old child. It is likely that Vanessa has just experienced a
a. switch.

b. dissociative fugue.

c. conversion reaction.
d. Manic episode.

a

The causes of dissociative identity disorder appear to be
a. physical abuse.

b. sexual abuse.

c. witness to a traumatic event.
d. any of the above

d

Some theorists suggest that dissociative identity disorder is an extreme subtype of
a. dissociative amnesia.

b. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
c. posttraumatic stress disorder.

d. antisocial personality disorder.

c

The process of changing from one personality to another generally occurs ________ in most patients with dissociative identity disorder.
a. slowly

b. quickly

c. rarely

d. only after many warning signs that a change is about to occur

b

Comparisons of optical functioning in the various personalities of dissociative identity disorder patients show changes that would be
a. easy to fake.

b. absolutely impossible to fake.

c. consistent with an individual who was trying to fake.
d. difficult to fake.

d

Which of the following statements is the most accurate?
a. While DID symptoms can be faked or developed through suggestion, many physiological changes observed in DID patients would be very difficult to fake.
b. DID symptoms and the many physiological changes observed in DID patients can be developed through suggestion and are easily faked.
c. While physiological changes associated with DID are relatively easy to fake, the symptoms of DID are very difficult to fake or to develop through suggestion.
d. Almost all cases of DID are probably faked or developed through therapist suggestion.

a

Which of the following statements is the most accurate?
a. While DID symptoms can be faked or developed through suggestion, many physiological changes observed in DID patients would be very difficult to fake.
b. DID symptoms and the many physiological changes observed in DID patients can be developed through suggestion and are easily faked.
c. While physiological changes associated with DID are relatively easy to fake, the symptoms of DID are very difficult to fake or to develop through suggestion.
d. Almost all cases of DID are probably faked or developed through therapist suggestion.

c

Dissociative identity disorder is most commonly found in
a. females.
b. males.

c. children.
d. elderly.

a

Without treatment, it is expected that dissociative identity disorder will last
a. 10 years.

b. a lifetime.

c. several months.
d. 20 years.

b

Sue has dissociative identity disorder. It is extremely likely that she also has
a. at least one other psychological disorder.
b. a problem with her weight.

c. a history of problems with the law.

d. no desire to get better.

a

The main reason why dissociative identity disorder patients tend to have many additional psychological disorders is that
a. the number of personalities increases the number of disorders.

b. the severe trauma of childhood leads to many problems in later life.
c. they seek attention.

d. they are substance abusers.

b

The common feature in almost every case of dissociative identity disorder is
a. hallucinations and delusions.

b. unrelenting substance abuse.

c. a history of body dysmorphic disorder.
d. a history of severe child abuse.

d

The experience of dissociation (feelings of unreality; blunting of emotional experience and physical pain) during or immediately following a life-threatening situation is
a. a sign of psychopathology.

b. extremely rare in non-disordered individuals.
c. not well documented.

d. a normal reaction.

d

In studies conducted by Elizabeth Loftus and her colleagues, individuals were told about false events that had supposedly occurred when they were children. The results of these studies indicate that
a. people cannot be convinced of events that did not happen.

b. people can become quite convinced of events that never happened.

c. only individuals with diagnosable disorders can be convinced of events that never happened.

d. people can become convinced of events that did not happen only during hypnosis or other dissociative states.

b

Putnam et al. (1986) examined 100 cases of dissociative identity disorder, and found that ________ percent of the subjects had experienced significant trauma.
a. 25

b. 53
c. 97

d. 100

c

The victims most likely to have amnesia as a result of trauma are those who
a. suffered infrequent and relatively minor abuse.
b. suffered frequent but relatively minor abuse.
c. were victims of severe abuse and trauma.

d. were victims of natural disasters.

c

The general treatment plan for dissociative identity disorder patients usually centers on
a. integration of the personality fragments.

b. hypnotic regression of the host and each alter.
c. confrontation of the abuser.

d. the typical substance abuse treatment model.

a

The part of the treatment plan for dissociative identity disorder that is similar to the treatment plan for posttraumatic stress disorder is
a. integration of personality fragments through psychoanalysis.

b. use of antipsychotic medications.

c. reliving and reprocessing the trauma, similar to treatments for PTSD.
d. hypnotic regression to early life experiences.

c

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