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What are the two main parts of the nephron? |
Renal corpuscle and renal tubule |
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Which of the following describes the order in which blood flows through the nephron? |
Afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole |
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys? |
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the tissues |
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Which of the following should NOT be found in the filtrate in the Bowman’s capsule? |
White blood cells |
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Which structures form the filtration membrane in the nephron? |
Glomerulus and the glomerular capsule |
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Which of the following resulted in an increase in glomerular filtration rate? |
Decreasing the efferent arteriole diameter and increasing the afferent arteriole diameter |
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Which of the following resulted in a decrease in glomerular capillary pressure? |
Increasing the efferent arteriole diameter and decreasing the afferent arteriole diameter |
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Which is the normal range for glomerular filtration rate? |
80-140 mL/min |
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What is(are) the driving force(s) for filtration in the nephron? |
Hydrostatic pressure gradients and osmotic pressure gradients |
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The functions of the nephron include all of the following EXCEPT: |
Glomerular secretion |
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In this activity, we will explore the effect of _____. |
Blood pressure on glomerular filtration rate |
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What is the name for the "ball" of capillaries found in the renal corpuscle? |
Glomerulus |
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As the pressure in the beaker increased, which of the following occurred? |
Glomerular filtrate rate increased, and urine volume increased |
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The pressure in the left source beaker simulates _____. |
Blood pressure |
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With the valve between the collecting duct and urinary bladder closed, _____. |
Urine volume was zero |
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With the valve between the collecting duct and the urinary bladder closed and with the pressure increased, ______. |
The glomerular filtration rate increased and the glomerular pressure increased |
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Altering the radii of the afferent and efferent arterioles provides for |
Glomerular filtration rate homeostasis and glomerular hydrostatic pressure homeostasis |
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Because the alteration of the afferent or efferent arteriole occurs within the nephron, we refer to this mechanism as _____. |
Intrinsic |
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Which of the following would decrease glomerular filtration rate? |
Increasing the efferent arteriole radius and/or decreasing the afferent arteriole radius |
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In this activity, the drain beaker (second beaker in the flow) simulates the _____. |
Renal vein |
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When the beaker pressure was lowered, which of the following decreased? |
Glomerular pressure, glomerular filtration rate and urine volume |
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When beaker pressure was lowered, which of the following decreased? |
Glomerular pressure, glomerular filtration rate and urine volume |
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When blood pressure increases, what changes can occur to maintain glomerular filtration rate? |
Constriction of the afferent arteriole and dilation of the efferent arteriole |
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When the efferent arteriole constricts, ______. |
The back pressure in the Bowman’s capsule increases |
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Interstitial fluid is located in the _____. |
Spaces surrounding the kidney tubule |
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Secretion of ADH would _______. |
Decrease urine output |
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The reabsorption of water and solutes _____. |
Is passive, depends on concentration gradients and is into the peritubular capillaries |
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When ADH is present in the filtrate, _______. |
Urine concentration increases |
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What happened to the urine volume when the solute gradient in the interstitial space was increased? |
The urine concentration increased |
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What will happen to the urine volume if ADH is NOT added to the collecting duct? |
The urine volume will increase |
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