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The pressure in a liquid depends on liquid
A) density.
B) depth.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
|
C
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A dam is thicker at the bottom than at the top partly because
A) water is denser at deeper levels.
B) water pressure is greater with increasing depth.
C) surface tension exists only on the surface of liquids.
D) it looks better.
E) none of these
|
B
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When holes are drilled through the wall of a water tower , water will spurt out the greatest
horizontal distance from the hole closest to
A) the bottom of the tower.
B) the middle of the tower.
C) the top of the tower.
D) The horizontal distance will be the same for all holes.
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A
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Water pressure is greatest against the
A) top of a submerged object.
B) bottom of a submerged object.
C) sides of a submerged object.
D) is the same against all surfaces
E) none of these
|
B
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The reason that buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object is that
A) it acts in a direction to oppose gravity.
B) if it acted downward, nothing would float.
C) the weight of fluid displaced reacts with an upward force.
D) upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the
submerged object.
|
D
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A completely submerged object always displaces its own
A) volume of fluid.
B) weight of fluid.
C) density of fluid.
D) all of these
E) none of these
|
A
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The volume of water displaced by a floating 20-ton boat
A) is 20 cubic meters.
B) is the volume of 20 tons of water.
C) is the volume of the boat.
D) depends on the shape of the ship’s hull.
E) none of these
|
B
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What is the buoyant force acting on a 10-ton ship floating in the ocean?
A) less than 10 tons
B) 10 tons
C) more than 10 tons
D) depends on density of sea water
|
B
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What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship?
A) less than 100 tons
B) 100 tons
C) more than 100 tons
D) 100 cubic meters
E) depends on the ship’s shape
|
B
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When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a liquid, it is buoyed up
A) by a force equal to its own weight.
B) by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced.
C) and floats because of Archimedes principle.
D) but nevertheless sinks.
E) none of these
|
B
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A rock suspended by a string weighs 5 N out of water and 3 N when submerged. What is the buoyant
force on the rock?
A) 8 N
B) 5 N
C) 3 N
D) 2 N
E) none of these
|
D
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A lobster crawls onto a bathroom scale submerged at the bottom of the ocean. Compared to its weight
above the surface, the lobster will have an apparent weight under water that is
A) greater.
B) less.
C) the same.
|
B
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A liter-sized block of ordinary wood floats in water. The amount of water displaced is
A) less than 1 liter.
B) 1 liter.
C) more than 1 liter.
D) depends on the water density
E) none of these
|
A
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Pumice is a volcanic rock that floats. Its density is
A) less than the density of water.
B) equal to the density of water.
C) more than the density of water.
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A
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A block of Styrofoam floats on water while a same size block of lead lies submerged in the
water. The buoyant force is greatest on the
A) lead.
B) Styrofoam.
C) is the same for both
|
A
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Buoyant force is greatest on a submerged
A) 1-kg block of lead.
B) 1-kg block of aluminum.
C) is the same on each
|
B
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Buoyant force is greatest on a submerged
A) 10-newton block of lead.
B) 10-newton block of aluminum.
C) is the same on each
|
B
|
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) Buoyant force is greatest on a submerged
A) 1-cubic centimeter block of lead.
B) 1-cubic centimeter block of aluminum.
C) is the same on each
|
C
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An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water
until the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, one concludes
A) calcium in the egg shell is repelled by sodium chloride.
B) the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg.
C) buoyant force does not always act upward.
D) salt sinks to the bottom.
|
B
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A block of wood weighing 5 N in air, is difficult to fully submerge in a pool of mercury
because the buoyant force when fully submerged is
A) less than 5 N.
B) 5 N.
C) much more than 5 N.
|
C
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Compared to the density of water, the density of a fish is
A) more.
B) less.
C) the same.
|
C
|
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Ice cubes submerged at the bottom of a liquid indicate that the liquid
A) produces no buoyant force on the ice.
B) has dissolved air.
C) is warmer than the ice.
D) is not displaced by the submerged ice.
E) is less dense than ice.
|
E
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Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean. The density of a lobster is
A) greater than the density of sea water.
B) equal to the density of sea water.
C) less than the density of sea water.
|
A
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The density of a submerged submarine is about the same as the density of
A) a crab.
B) iron.
C) a floating submarine.
D) water.
E) none of these
|
D
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Two life preservers have identical volumes, but one is filled with Styrofoam while the other is filled
with sand. When the two life preservers are fully submerged, the buoyant force is greater on the one
filled with
A) Styrofoam.
B) sand.
C) same on each as long as their volumes are the same
|
C
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When you float in fresh water, the buoyant force that acts on you is equal to your weight. When you
float higher in the high-density water of the Dead Sea, the buoyant force that acts on you is
A) greater than your weight.
B) less than your weight.
C) equal to your weight.
|
C
|
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The mass of a cubic meter of water is
A) 1 kg.
B) 10 kg.
C) 100 kg.
D) 1000 kg.
E) 9800 N.
|
D
|
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When a boat sails from fresh water to salt water, the boat will float
A) lower in the water.
B) higher in the water.
C) at the same water level.
|
B
|
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) Two equal sized buckets are filled to the top with water. One of the buckets has a piece of
wood floating in it, making its total weight
A) less than the weight of the other bucket.
B) equal to the weight of the other bucket.
C) more than the weight of the other bucket.
|
B
|
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A heavy glass ball is placed in a pie pan that floats in a bucket. The water level at the side of
the bucket is marked. Then the glass ball is removed and allowed to sink in the bucket. The
water line at the side of the bucket is now
A) lower.
B) the same.
C) higher.
|
A
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Two life preservers have identical volumes, but one is filled with Styrofoam while the other is filled
with sand. When the two life preservers are worn by swimmers so that one swimmer floats with part
of the preserver above water, and the other swimmer sinks, the buoyant force is actually greater on the
life preserver filled with
A) Styrofoam.
B) sand.
C) same
|
B
|
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When an ice cube in a glass of water melts, the water level
A) rises.
B) falls.
C) remains the same
|
C
|
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An ice cube floating in a glass of water contains many air bubbles. When the ice melts, the water level
will
A) rise.
B) fall.
C) remain unchanged.
|
C
|
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A block of wood with a piece of iron tied to the top of it floats in a bucket of water. If the wood and
iron are turned over so that the iron is submerged beneath the wood, the water level at the side of the
bucket
A) rises.
B) falls.
C) remains the same
|
C
|
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To multiply the input force of a hydraulic lift , the input end should be the one having the
A) larger diameter piston.
B) smaller diameter piston.
C) Relative piston sizes don’t matter
|
B
|
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The ratio of output force to input force of a hydraulic press will be equal to the ratio of the output and
input piston
A) diameters.
B) areas.
C) radii.
D) all of these
E) none of these
|
B
|
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A hydraulic press multiplies a force by 100. This multiplication is done at the expense of
A) energy, which is divided by 100.
B) the distance through which the force acts.
C) the time through which the force acts, which is multiplied by 100.
D) the mechanism providing the force.
E) none of these
|
B
|
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In a hydraulic-press operation, it is impossible for the
A) output displacement to exceed the input displacement.
B) force output to exceed the force input.
C) energy output to exceed the energy input.
D) output piston’s speed to exceed the input piston’s speed.
E) none of these
|
C
|
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A very light-weight horizontal loop of wire is suspended from a fine spring, lowered into
water, and then raised to the surface. Any further attempt to raise it causes the spring to
A) stretch.
B) contract.
C) stay the same.
|
A
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When you put a stick in water and remove it, the stick is wet. When you put a stick in
mercury and remove it, the stick is dry. The reason for this is that adhesive forces are greater
A) between stick and water.
B) between the stick and mercury.
C) between the mercury and the water.
|
A
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Surface tension of liquids
A) increases when wetting agents are added.
B) decreases as the liquid temperature increases.
C) is about the same for all liquids.
D) results from a thin molecular membrane beneath the liquid surface.
E) is the reason a steel ship will float.
|
B
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About what percentage of the molecules that make up the atmosphere are below an aircraft
that flies at an altitude of 6 kilometers?
A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 50%
E) more than 50%
|
E
|
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Atmospheric pressure is caused by the
A) density of the atmosphere.
B) weight of the atmosphere.
C) temperature of the atmosphere.
D) effect of the sun’s energy on the atmosphere.
|
B
|
|
What is the approximate mass of a 1-square-centimeter column of air that extends from sea
level to the top of the atmosphere?
A) 1 gram
B) 1 kilogram
C) 10 kilograms
D) 100 kilograms
|
B
|
|
The weight of a 1-square-meter column of air that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere
is
A) 101 N.
B) 10,100 N.
C) 101,000 N.
D) 101,000,000 N
|
C
|
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About how high can water be theoretically lifted by a vacuum pump at sea level?
A) less than 10.3 m
B) more than 10.3 m
C) 10.3 m
|
C
|
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In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of
A) capillary action.
B) surface tension.
C) atmospheric pressure.
D) Bernoulli’s principle.
E) none of these
|
C
|
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A swimmer cannot use a long hose to snorkel more than a meter deep because air
A) in the lungs cannot easily be expelled.
B) tends to liquify in the snorkel tube.
C) is buoyed up leaving the swimmer breathless.
D) at the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs.
E) all of these
|
D
|
|
Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-sectional area of the other.
Neglecting capillarity, mercury in the smaller tube will rise
A) the same height as in the larger tube.
B) twice as high as mercury in the larger tube.
C) four times as high as mercury in the larger tube.
D) more than four times as high as in the larger tube.
E) none of these
|
A
|
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A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the
same column instead had the same mass of water in it, the height of the water column would be
A) 1/13.6 times the height of the atmosphere.
B) about 3/4 meter.
C) 10.3 meters.
D) about 5.6 kilometers.
|
C
|
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Alcohol is less dense than water. If alcohol is used to make a barometer on a day when
atmospheric pressure is normal, the height of the alcohol column would be
A) less than 10.3 m.
B) more than 10.3 m.
C) 10.3 m.
|
B
|
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As a high-altitude balloon sinks lower and lower into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in
A) volume.
B) density.
C) weight.
D) mass.
E) none of these
|
A
|
|
When gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume and the temperature remains the same,
the gas pressure
A) halves.
B) doubles.
C) quadruples.
D) remains the same.
|
B
|
|
As a woman holding her breath swims deeper and deeper beneath the water’s surface, her density
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains the same.
|
A
|
|
When gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume, its density
A) halves.
B) doubles.
C) quadruples.
D) remains the same
|
B
|
|
A one-ton blimp hovers in the air. The buoyant force acting on it is
A) zero.
B) one ton.
C) less than one ton.
D) more than one ton.
|
B
|
|
Gas pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is actually
A) less than air pressure outside the balloon.
B) equal to air pressure outside the balloon.
C) greater than air pressure outside the balloon.
D) impossible to determine without knowing the type of gas
|
C
|
|
Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-liter helium-filled balloon, the
buoyant force of the atmosphere on a nearby 1-liter solid iron block is
A) considerably less.
B) considerably more.
C) the same.
|
C
|
|
Suppose you are standing on a weighing scale and all of a sudden the atmosphere vanished.
The reading on the scale would
A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) remain the same.
D) quickly reduce to zero.
|
A
|
|
A large block of wood and a smaller block of iron on weighing scales both register the same
weight – 1 ton. Taking buoyancy of air into account, which has the greater mass?
A) wood
B) iron
C) Both have the same mass.
D) More information is needed
|
A
|
|
A balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the
A) weight of air it displaces.
B) density of surrounding air.
C) atmospheric pressure.
D) weight of the balloon and contents.
E) all of these
|
A
|
|
As a helium-filled balloon rises in the air, it becomes
A) bigger.
B) more dense.
C) heavier.
D) all of these
E) none of these
|
A
|
|
As a balloon rises higher and higher into the atmosphere, its
A) volume decreases.
B) density increases.
C) weight increases.
D) mass decreases.
E) none of these
|
E
|
|
A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake
A) rises to the top at constant volume.
B) becomes smaller as it rises.
C) becomes larger as it rises.
D) alternately expands and contracts as it rises.
E) none of these
|
C
|
|
The faster a fluid moves, the
A) greater its internal pressure.
B) less its internal pressure.
C) internal pressure is unaffected.
|
B
|
|
Airplane flight best illustrates
A) Archimedes’ principle.
B) Pascal’s principle.
C) Bernoulli’s principle.
D) Boyle’s law.
|
C
|
|
If a strong wind from the west breaks a window in the north wall of a house, most of the glass will fall
A) upward.
B) inside the house.
C) outside the house.
|
C
|
|
An umbrella tends to move upwards on a windy day principally because
A) air gets trapped under the umbrella, warms, and rises.
B) buoyancy increases with increasing wind speed.
C) air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface.
D) all of these
|
C
|
|
Wind blowing over the top of a hill
A) increases atmospheric pressure there.
B) decreases atmospheric pressure there.
C) does not affect atmospheric pressure there.
|
B
|
|
The Bernoulli effect causes passing ships to be drawn together when the ships are close and moving
in
A) the same direction.
B) opposite directions.
C) either the same or opposite directions.
|
C
|
|
Suspend a pair of Ping-Pong balls from two strings so there is a small space between them. If
you blow air between the balls, they will swing
A) toward each other.
B) apart from each other.
C) away from the air stream, but not necessarily toward or apart from each other
|
A
|
|
Compared to all liquids, solids, and gases in the universe, plasmas are the most
A) abundant.
B) rare.
C) We don’t have enough information at this time.
|
A
|
|
Most of the matter in the universe is in the
A) solid state.
B) liquid state.
C) gaseous state.
D) plasma state.
E) none of these
|
D
|
|
Glowing plasma is evident in the light from
A) a fluorescent lamp.
B) the aurora borealis (northern lights).
C) an incandescent lamp.
D) Choices A and B are both correct.
E) Choices A and C are both correct.
|
D
|
|
The main difference between gases and plasmas has to do with
A) the kinds of elements involved.
B) interatomic spacing.
C) electrical conduction.
D) fluid pressure.
E) the proportion of matter to antimatter in the universe
|
C
|
|
When a common fluorescent lamp is on, the mercury vapor inside is actually in a
A) gaseous state.
B) liquid state.
C) plasma state.
D) solid state.
E) none of these
|
C
|
|
A plasma differs from a gas in that
A) its molecules are farther apart.
B) it is hotter than a gas.
C) it is electrically conducting.
D) its atoms are boosted to higher atomic numbers.
E) all of these
|
C
|
|
Plasmas are a central part of power generation in
A) MHD generators.
B) turbo generators.
C) both
D) neither
|
A
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