Phys Science Ch 15 Test Review

Work is a transfer of
a. energy.
b. force.
c. mass.
d. motion.

a. energy.

What is transferred by a force moving an object through a distance?
a. force
b. mass
c. motion
d. energy

d. energy

The energy of motion is called
a. kinetic energy.
b. potential energy.
c. thermal energy.
d. work.

a. kinetic energy.

An object’s gravitational potential energy is NOT directly related to which of the following?
a. its height relative to a reference level
b. its mass
c. its speed
d. the acceleration due to gravity

c. its speed

Which of the following is an example of an object with elastic potential energy?
a. a wind-up toy that has been wound up
b. a compressed basketball
c. a stretched rubber band
d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Why is the gravitational potential energy of an object 1 meter above the moon’s surface less than its potential energy 1 meter above Earth’s surface?
a. The object’s mass is less on the moon.
b. The object’s weight is more on the moon.
c. The object’s acceleration due to gravity is less on the moon.
d. both a and c

c. The object’s acceleration due to gravity is less on the moon.

The gravitational potential energy of an object is always measured relative to the
a. location where the object’s kinetic energy is zero.
b. position of maximum mechanical energy.
c. reference level from which the height is measured.
d. surface of Earth.

c. reference level from which the height is measured.

Which of the following increases when an object becomes warmer?
a. chemical energy
b. elastic potential energy
c. nuclear energy
d. thermal energy

d. thermal energy

The energy stored in gasoline is
a. chemical energy.
b. electromagnetic energy.
c. mechanical energy.
d. nuclear energy.

a. chemical energy.

The total potential and kinetic energy of all the microscopic particles in an object make up its
a. chemical energy.
b. electric energy.
c. nuclear energy.
d. thermal energy.

d. thermal energy.

Walking converts what type of energy into mechanical energy?
a. chemical
b. electromagnetic
c. nuclear
d. thermal

a. chemical

Nuclear power plants are designed to convert nuclear energy into what type of energy?
a. chemical
b. electrical
c. geothermal
d. mechanical

b. electrical

Solar cells convert what type of energy into electrical energy?
a. chemical
b. electromagnetic
c. nuclear
d. thermal

b. electromagnetic

Which of the following statements is true according to the law of conservation of energy?
a. Energy cannot be created.
b. Energy cannot be destroyed.
c. Energy can be converted from one form to another.
d. all of the above

d. all of the above

If no friction acts on a diver during a dive, then which of the following statements is true?
a. The total mechanical energy of the system increases.
b. Potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy but not vice versa.
c. (KE+ PE)beginning = (KE + PE)end
d. all of the above

c. (KE+ PE)beginning = (KE + PE)end

The mechanical energy of an object equals its
a. chemical energy plus its nuclear energy.
b. kinetic energy plus its potential energy.
c. nuclear energy.
d. thermal energy.

b. kinetic energy plus its potential energy.

The equation E = mc2 relates energy and
a. force.
b. gravity.
c. mass.
d. work.

c. mass

In which of the following does Einstein’s famous equation apply?
a. a driver brings a car to a halt
b. collisions between objects
c. water falling in a waterfall
d. nuclear fission and fusion reactions

d. nuclear fission and fusion reactions

Which of the following statements is a consequence of the equation E = mc2?
a. Energy is released when matter is destroyed.
b. Mass and energy are equivalent.
c. The law of conservation of energy must be modified to state that mass and energy are conserved in any process.
d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What is biomass energy?
a. the chemical energy stored in living things
b. the electromagnetic energy stored in living things
c. the nuclear energy stored in living things
d. the thermal energy stored in living things

a. the chemical energy stored in living things

Nonrenewable energy resources do not include which of the following?
a. coal
b. hydrogen fuel cells
c. oil
d. uranium

b. hydrogen fuel cells

Fossil fuels currently account for the majority of the world’s energy use because they are
a. distributed evenly throughout the world.
b. nonpolluting.
c. relatively inexpensive and readily available.
d. renewable energy resources.

c. relatively inexpensive and readily available.

A drawback of solar energy is that it
a. cannot be converted directly into electrical energy.
b. depends on the climate.
c. produces water pollution.
d. is not a renewable resource.

b. depends on the climate.

A benefit of a hydrogen fuel cell is that its byproduct is
a. carbon dioxide.
b. oxygen.
c. water.
d. uranium.

c. water.

Which of the following types of transportation is NOT mass transportation?
a. bus
b. car
c. streetcar
d. train

b. car

Based on your knowledge of energy conservation, which of the following statements is true?
a. Manufacturers can increase a light bulb’s energy efficiency by using technology that increases the amount of electromagnetic energy the bulb converts from a given amount of electrical energy.
b. Energy can be conserved by turning off lights when they are not in use.
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b

c. both a and b

Energy of an object increases when ____________________ is done on the object.

work

Energy and work are measured in the SI unit called the ____________________.

Joule

If the ____________________ of an object doubles, its kinetic energy doubles.

mass

The kinetic energy of an object is proportional to the square of its ____________________.

speed

Energy that is stored due to position or shape is called ____________________ energy.

potential

When a pole-vaulter flexes the pole, the pole-vaulter increases the pole’s ____________________ potential energy.

elastic

You can calculate an object’s gravitational potential energy by using the equation ____________________.

PE = mgh

Mechanical energy does not include kinetic energy or ____________________ energy.

chemical

The sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of an object is called its ____________________ energy.

mechanical

All energy can be considered as kinetic energy, ____________________ energy, or the energy in fields.

potential

Wind turbines convert ____________________ energy into electrical energy.

kinetic or mechanical

The process of changing energy from one form to another is called energy ____________________.

conversion

"Energy cannot be created or destroyed" is a statement of the law of _________________________.

conservation of energy

When an apple falls from a tree to the ground, the apple’s beginning kinetic energy and ending gravitational potential energy are both equal to ____________________.

0 Joules

In the equation E = mc2, c is the speed of ____________________.

light

Energy resources that exist in limited amounts and, once used, cannot be replaced except over the course of millions of years are called ____________________ energy resources.

nonrenewable

Flat collector plates through which water flows are found in ____________________ solar energy systems.

active

Geothermal energy, in addition to being renewable, offers the benefit of being ____________________.

nonpolluting

Turning off unused lights or appliances is an example of energy ____________________.

conservation