Part 5- Music

Song form where the same melody is repeated with every stanza of text:

Strophic

A song structure that is composed from beginning to end without repetition of whole sections is called:

Through-composed

Song form where the main melody is repeated for two or three stanzas but has a new or significantly varies material introduced when the text requires it:

Modified strophic

The German term for the art song:

Lied

A group of Lieder unified by some narrative thread or a descriptive or expressive theme is called:

A song cycle

NOT a typical theme of the Romantic Lied?

Praise of the Virgin Mary

Favorite Romantic poets for the composers of Lieder were:

Goethe and Heine

Schubert organized evening gatherings of artist, writers, and musicians, called:

Schubertiads

Which genre is Schubert NOT indebted to Classical traditions?

Lied

How many songs did Schubert compose?

More than 600

Schubert wrote several song cycles, including:

Winter’s Journey

Schubert’s song "Elfking" was a setting of the ballad written by:

Goethe

Which form is the Lied "Elfking"?

Through-composed

The composer who founded the "New Journal of Music" was:

Robert Schumann

Schumann’s "A Poet’s Love" is a:

Song cycle

"A Poet’s Love" is set to texts by:

Heinrich Heine

NOT describe Schumann’s "A Poet’s Love"?

It tells a detailed story of a lost love

What is the form of "In the lovely month of May"?

Strophic

NOT describe "In the lovely month of May"?

It ends with harmonic resolution

NOT a technical improvement in the 19th-century piano?

A second keyboard was added

The short, lyric piano piece is the instrumental equivalent of:

The song

Which composer is known as "the poet of the piano"?

Fredric Chopin

Chopin is considered to be the national composer of:

Poland

Chopin spent most of his life in:

Paris

Chopin became romantically involved with?

George Sand

Chopin is credited with creating:

The modern piano style

Chopin primarily composed for which type of venue?

Salon or drawing room

Which type of piano work has a spacious form?

Ballade

What is the origin of the mazurka?

A stately processional dance for nobility

Which does NOT characterize Chopin’s Mazurka in B-flat Minor, Op.24, No.4?

Standard A-B-A form

Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel’s output is dominated by:

Lieder and piano music

Composed the piano cycle "The Year"?

Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel

The manuscript for "September: At the River" and "The Year" has poetic lines by:

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (form A-B-A’)

How does Fanny Hensel’s "The Year" reach a level of achievement beyond her brother Felix?

It is a large-scale work unified by musical and extra-musical links

Characterizes the published devotional music in America during the 19th century?

Simpler notation for people lacking music literacy

Which was NOT composed by Stephen Foster?

When Johnny Comes Marching Home

The form of Foster’s "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair" is:

Strophic

Foster’s "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair" is a:

Love song

Who was the first internationally acclaimed American composer of classical music?

Louis Moreau Gottschalk

Brahms was described as "young eagle" by:

Hector Berlioz

National styles of opera developed in:

All of the above

Known as the Swedish Nightingale?

Jenny Lind

Which woman was a successful composer as well as a successful opera singer?

Louise Bertin

Italian comic opera is called:

Opera buffa

Who composed "The Barber of Seville" and the overture to "William Tell"?

Rossini

The term "bel canto" refers to:

A style of singing that features agility and purity of tone

Widely loved nationalist opera composer?

Verdi

La Scala, the famous opera house where Verdi’s operas were performed, is in:

Milan

Verdi’s opera "Nabucco" was hugely popular in Italy because it:

Was interpreted as a symbol of Italian independence

Which opera is NOT by Verdi?

Carmen

Which Verdi opera was commissioned for performance in Cairo to mark the opening of the Suez Canal?

Aida

Verdi’s last opera, completed at age eighty?

Falstaff

The librettist for Verdi’s "Rigoletto" was:

Piave

Who was the source of Verdi’s inspiration for "Rigoletto"?

Victor Hugo

Does NOT characterize "La donna mobile" from "Rigoletto"?

It has contrapuntal orchestral accompaniment

The ensemble that follows "La donna mobile" in Act III of "Rigoletto" is a:

Quartet

Who dies at the end of "Rigoletto"?

Gilda, Rigoletto’s daughter

Which does NOT characterize Singspiel?

It featured elaborate recitatives and arias

Which composer has been considered to be the single most important phenomenon in the artistic life of the latter half of the 19th century?

Wagner

Wagner’s first operatic success was a grand opera entitled:

Rienzi

Wagner chose to base his stories on:

Idealized folk legends

In addition to composing music, Wagner was an important

Writer

Wagner’s cycle of four music dramas is called:

The Ring of the Nibelung

A special theater was built at _______ for the presentation of Wagner’s music dramas

Bayreuth

Which characteristic of traditional opera did Wagner eliminate?

Separate arias

Wagner called his operas:

Music dramas

Music, poetry, drama, visual, spectacle – are fused together is called:

Gesamtkunstwerk

Why did Wotan deprive Brnnhilde of her immortality and leave her sleeping inside of a ring of fire?

Because she attempted to save Siegmund’s life in battle

The principal themes which recur throughout a work and carry specific meanings, are called:

Leitmotifs

What composer’s musical language was based on chromatic harmony?

Wagner

The librettist for Wagner’s music dramas was:

The composer himself

In the Ring cycle, who is the father of the gods?

Wotan

Who are the Valkyries in Wagner’s "Ring of the Nibelung"?

The nine daughters of Wotan

In the orchestral prelude to Act III of Wagner’s "Die Walkre", the Ride theme is primarily played by:

Brass

Does NOT characterize the music for Act III, Scene 1 of "Die Walkre"

The orchestra plays a subordinate role

In Act III, Scene 1 or "Die Walkre", what are the Valkyries carrying on their horses?

Fallen heroes

Operas with exotic plots:

Look to far-away lands for inspiration

Which of the following operas is NOT an example of exoticism

Puccini’s "Madame Butterfly"

Instrumental music endowed with literary, philosophical, or pictorial associations is called:

Program music

Which of the following compositions is LEAST likely to be an example of program music?

String Quartet in B-Flat major

Music written for plays, generally consisting of an overture and a series of pieces to be performed between acts

Incidental music

Had movies been invented in the 19th century, to which genre of program music would cil, soundtracks be most similar?

Incidental music

A multi-movement programmatic work for orchestra is called:

Program symphony

A piece of program music for orchestra in one movement that develops a poetic idea or suggests a scene or mood is called:

Symphonic poem

Who was the first composer to use the term symphonic poem?

Liszt

NOT a type of orchestral program music?

Concerto

Which composer is considered the first great exponent of musical Romanticism in France?

Berlioz

Hector Berlioz was born and spent most of his career in:

France

NOT characteristic of music of Berlioz?

It relies on traditional forms

Which is NOT an orchestral work by Berlioz?

Italian Symphony

Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique is an example of:

Program symphony

How many movements are in Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique?

Five

Who inspired Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique?

The actress Harriet Smithson

Which is NOT true of Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique?

The program deals entirely with nature

In Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique, the idee fixe:

All of the above

In Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique, what is the idee fixe?

The basic theme of the symphony, heard in all movements

The Dies irae is:

A chant from the Mass for the Dead

Nationalistic composers expressed their nationalism by:

Employing native songs and dances in their works

Nationalism can be seen in all of the following EXCEPT:

Chopin’s waltzes

Who was the first Bohemian composer to achieve international prominence?

Smetana

Who composed the opera The Bartered Bride?

Smetana

Smetana’s My Country is:

A set of six symphonic poems

The Moldau represents:

All of the above

What scene is depicted in Smetana’s The Moldau?

All of the above

Edvard Grieg is a composer from:

Norway

Grieg’s incidental music for Peer Gynt was written for a play by:

Henrik Ibsen

Which does NOT characterize Grieg’s Morning Mood from Peer Gynt?

Prominent roles for a solo trumpet and trombone

Greig’s In the Hall of the Mountain King from Peer Gynt is unified by a recurring:

Theme

Which of the following is a finnish nationalist composer?

Jean Sibelius

"The Mighty Five" were composers from:

Russia

Musorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition is an example of:

Program music

NOT a famous Russian ballet based on folklore?

Prokofiev’s Romeo and Juliet

NOT a type of absolute music?

Symphonic poem

Large-scale work in several movements for solo instrument(s) and orchestra is called:

Concerto

NOT write a major concerto in the Romantic era?

Schubert

Fanciful solo passage in an improvisational style that is interpolated into a concerto movement is called:

Cadenza

By the romantic era, concerts had moved from:

The aristocrat palace to the public concert hall

Who wrote more than seven symphonies?

Haydn

How many movements are in a typical symphony?

Four

First movement of a symphony is usually in ______ form.

Sonata-allegro

Which movement of a symphony is traditionally the slowest?

The second movement

Most likely to be strongly rhythmic and dancelike form?

Scherzo

The scheme of a traditional symphony is:

Fast-slow-dance-fast

Which did Brahms pursue in his younger years?

All of the above

Which young composer did Robert and Clara Schumann take into their home?

Brahms

Brahms maintained a lifelong close relationship with:

Clara Schumann

Brahms wrote no symphonies until he was past the age of forty, in part because he was in awe of the symphonies of:

Beethove

Brahms wrote _____ symphonies.

4

Who was a prolific composer of Lieder?

Brahms

Brahms is often described as a(n) ______, because of his use of forms of the Classical masters.

Traditionalist

NOT characterize Brahms’s Symphony No.3

Programmatic images

The structure of the third movement of Brahms’s Symphony No.3 is:

Ternary

Style of Brahms’s Symphony No.3?

Melancholic waltz

Opening theme of the third movement of Brahms’s Symphony No.3 is first played by the :

Cellos

Which national school of composition is Dvorak a representative?

Czech

Which position did Dvorak hold during his years in America?

Director of the National Conservatory of Music in New York City

Dvorak wrote his New World Symphony while living in:

The United States

Dvorak’s Symphony No.9 is subtitled:

From the New World

Dvorak’s Symphony No.9 was inspired by:

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s "Song of Hiawatha"

Dvorak developed a particular fondness for:

Spirituals

The "Afro-American Symphony" was written by:

William Grant Still

NOT an African-American composer?

Antonn Dvorak

Composers fell under the influence of or reacted against:

Wagner

NOT make a major contribution to choral literature?

Chopin

NOT intended for performance in church?

Part song

Best characterizes a part song?

A short, secular song for three or four voice parts

Which characterizes Verdi’s Requiem Mass?

The Requiem was dedicated to the memory of the poet Manzoni

The ______ is the most powerful part of the Requiem Mass

Dies irae

Solo voice begging for deliverance [Verdi’s Requiem Mass]

Soprano

Two principal centers of 19th century ballet were France and:

Russia

Russian figure played a crucial role in the development of 20th century ballet?

Diaghilev

The development of Russian ballet was stimulated by the great choreographer _____ in 1847.

Marius Petipa

Who was Tchaikovsky’s principal patron?

Nadezhda von Meck

Which great russian choreographer wrote the scenario for "The Nutcracker"?

Petipa

Tchaikovsky’s Nutcracker is based on a story by:

E.T.A Hoffman

Keyboard instrument feature in the "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy"

The celesta

Trepak is a folk dance from:

Russia

Post-romantic era lasted from:

1890-1910

The movement that, along with post-romanticism, ushered in the 20th century was known as:

Impressionism

Leading composer of Italian opera in the late-romantic era was:

Puccini

Opera tradition was characterized by a movement toward realism called:

Verismo

NOT represent the Italian "Verismo" style?

Verdi

"Verismo" was a late-Romantic movement in opera which sought to:

Pick subjects from everyday life and treat them realistically

Which opera is NOT by Puccini?

Pagliacci

Puccini’s "Madame Butterfly" ends:

Tragically

The Japanese shamisen is:

A plucked string instrument

A Japanese geisha is best compared in Western culture with:

A courtesan

The music of the 19th century reflects a…?

increased sense of freedom from convention

Berlioz’s symphonie fantastique depicts an artist being led to his execution, and the last segment of the music imitates the sound of

his head falling into the bucket at the base of the guillotine

Chopins Polonaises, piano works based on the national dance of Poland, were described by a contemporary as

cannons wrapped in flowers

Schuberts Erlkonig tells a story so it is called a

ballad

The entirety of Beethovens symphony no. 5 can be said to represent a journey from

struggle to triumph

In Erlkonig, Schubert uses a repetitive rhythmic figure at the very beginning and throughout most of the song to capture the

forward movement of the horse

Mendelssohn’s overture to Shakespeare’s A Midnight Summers Dream is an example of

program music

The idee fixe in Berlioz’s symphony is

a melody that transforms to fit each movements emotion

A piano trio is an ensemble consisting of

piano, violin, and cello

Which of the following is the title list for Berlioz’s five movements of the Symphonie Fantastique

Dreams-Passions, A Ball, Scene in the CountrySide, March to the Scaffold, and Dream of a Witches Sabbath

Clara Wieck Schumann wrote choral music because

choral societies were one of the only legal ways to gather in groups in 19th century Germany

One of the song-like features of the third movement of Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel’s piano trio is

a melody in trochaic meter

Most of Chopin’s music is written for

piano

Which of the following patriotic tunes does Louis Moreau Gottschall’s Union NOT incorporate

Dixie

What is a sitar

a plucked string instrument that usually has 18 strings

When Verdi’s character Violetta feels uncertain, she sings

recitative

Wagner is famous for using the Leitmotif, which is a

brief musical phrase or idea connected to some person, event or idea in the drama

Wagner wrote a libretto and cycle of four operas known as

The Ring of the Nibelong

What form does the finale of Brahms Symphony no. 4 in E minor, op. 98, use?

theme and variations

Which of the following did Antonin Dvorak incorporate into his compositions

folk music

Who wrote "The Marriage of Figaro, Act I, Cosa sento"?

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Only opera with two men and one woman)

Characters of Marriage of Figaro

-Count Almaviva (bass) married to the Countess but eyes Susanna -Susanna the Countess’s maidservant, engaged to Figaro who is the Count’s manservant -Basilio the music teacher

Comic opera

A genre that uses the same conventions a serious opera, but with plots revolving around on believable, every day characters rather than mythical or historical figures

Accompanied recitative

Recitation I have a company by the orchestra, as opposed to by basso continuo

Romanticism

Derived from a literary genre Dreams are as important as intellect It was a new way of thinking about art

Music of the 19th century

Reflects this increased sense of freedom from convention Composers wanted their pieces to be distinctive and did this by exploring musical extremes

The Industrial Revolution

Increased the production of goods People had pianos in their homes Increased transportation

Who wrote "Erlkönig" D. 328?

Franz Schubert

Distinctions of Erlkönig

Opens with a loud, fast, repetitive figure that sounds like a galloping horse

Ballad

A poem or song that tells a story

Modified strophic form

A form in which each strove is modified musically to fit the text in a particular way

Rhythm of Erlkönig

Repetitive

Register of Erlkönig

Each character is performed in a different register The narrator is in the middle

What does Erlkönig mean?

It is from Denmark as the Elf King

Who wrote Symphony no. 5 in C Minor, op. 67?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Scherzo

"Joke" A lighthearted movement in a fast tempo and in triple meter

Cyclic form

A form in which individual movements are linked in some tangible and distinctive way, usually through the use of a common musical idea

About Beethoven

His father lied about his age to make Beethoven seem more remarkable He studied with Haydn

About Franz Shubert

He died at age 31 and wrote enough music t fill 37+ CDs

Who wrote Overture to A Midsummer Night’s Dream

Felix Mendelssohn

Overture to A Midsummer Night’s Dream

Was written when Felix was 17

Program music

And instrumental work that is in someway associated with a story, event, or idea

About Felix Mendelssohn

Spoke English, French, German, and Italian and could read Ancient Greek and Latin

Who wrote "March to the Scaffold"

Hector Berlioz

About March to the Scaffold

It depicts a nightmare where a young Artist dreams that he has killed the unfaithful love her and that he is now being let away to the scaffold where he will be executed

Orchestration

The manner in which various instruments are assigned to the musical lines

About Hector Berlioz

Wrote his personal life into his music He’s obsessed with Harriet Smithson

Piano trio

A work written for an ensemble of piano, violin, and cello

About fanny Hensel

Felix was her brother She wrote more than 200 songs, more than 100 works for piano, and more than 24 works for the chorus

Who wrote Mazurka in Bb Major, op. 7, no. 1?

Frédéric Chopin

Why does Chopin epitomize Romanticism?

His music is passionate and direct

Character pieces

A relatively short work, usually for piano solo, that captures a particular mood

Mazurka

A Polish folk dance in triple meter, often with a heavy accent on the second or third beat of each measure

Nationalism

The use of melodies, rhythms, harmonies, or instruments that reflects the musical practices of a particular nation

Drone bass

Hey single long note held underneath the melodic line

About Chopin

He had TB Had a relationship with Amandine Lucille Aurore

Tempo rubato

"Robbed time" subtle changes of tempo (speeding up and slowing down) applied by the performer, with expressive intent

Who wrote La Traviata, Act I, selection "Follie!")?

Giuseppe Verdi

About Verdi

He wrote La Traviata mirrors his life -he lived with a woman for 11 years without being married like his characters

Who wrote the Valkyrie, Act III, selection ("Wotan’s Farewell")?

Richard Wagner

About The Valkyrie

The second opera in a cycle of four operas known as The Ring of the Nibelungs Based on the same Northern European mythology that Lord of the Rings is based on

Leitmotif

A brace musical phrase or idea connected dramatically to some person, event, or idea in the drama

Chromatic

A type of harmony or melody that incorporates many more notes than occur naturally in the scale or key area on which of work is based

About Wagner

Considered the most progressive composer and his day

Who wrote symphony no. 4 in E Minor, op 98, finale

Johannes Brahms

About Brahms

Was a recluse Who is called the savior of music in the Messiah who arrived to fully develop music

Piano

What was the most important keyboard instrument of the romantic era?

Impromptu, Nocturne, Prelude, Intermezzo

What are the four types of Romantic era short lyrical piano music.

Schubert, Chopin, Liszt, Felix Mendelssohn, Hensel, Robert, Clara schumann, and Brahms

Which nineteenth-centry composer’s entire output centered around the piano?

Rubato, Chromaticism, Ornamental, Emotional and expressive, & Virtuosity.

What are the general characteristics of Chopin’s music?

Triple meter dance, accent on 2nd, and 3rd beats- syncopation, largely homophonic.

Provide three specific characteristics of Chopin’s Mazurka in Bb Minor:

Take liberties with in the rhythm without upsetting the basic beat.

The term tempo rubato, associated with Chopin’s music means that the performer should do what?

Fanny Hensel

Who composed the piano cycle the year?

Program Music

Instrumental music endowed with literary, philosophical, or pictorial associations is called:

Concert Overture

Which Romantic Era single movement programmatic work for orchestra has multiple themes and is based on literary work?

Symphonic Poem

Which Romantic Era single movement programmatic work for orchestra has multiple themes and is based on a poem or a poetic idea, or suggests a scene or a mood?

Incidental music

Which Romantic Era multiple movement programmatic work for orchestra starts out as music to accompany a play?

Program Symphony

What is the name given to the Romantic Era programmatic version of a symphony

Program Symphony

Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique is an example of multi movement programmatic work for orchestra called:

Harmony, Rhythm, Meter, tempo, dynamics, register, and instrumental color

What are the characteristics of an Idee fixe?

Fixed idea?

IN Berlioz’s symphonie fantastique, what is the specific "name" given to the idee fixe?

Incidental Music

Which type of orchestral programmatic work for orchestra is Grieg’s peer Gynt Suite

Dies Irae (Day of Wrath)
(Bassons and tuba??)

What is the name of the chant from the requiem mass that Berlioz uses in the last movement of the symphony fantastique? Which instrument first plays this melody?

Henrik Ibsen???

Grieg’s peer Gynt Suite was written for a play written by which playwright

They gained weight and importance

Did the Romantic Era symphony gain weight and importance, or was it less important

Greater

Did composers write fewer or greater number of symphonies?

Increased

Did the orchestra increase or decrease in size?

Longer

Were symphonic compositions longer or shorter in this Era?

???

Brahms wrote no symphonies until after he was 40 years old, partly because he was in awe of which former composer?

Melancholic Waltz

Describe the main theme of Brahms Symphony No 3., movement 3:

Wagner

Which composer created the music drama?

…

Which characteristics of traditional opera did Wagner eliminate?

…

What is the term used for the recurring musical themes in Wagner’s operas?

Brass

In the orchestral prelude to Act III of warner’s die Walkure, the Melody of the Ride theme is played by which family of instruments?

Fallen Warriors

In act III, Scene 1 of Die Walkure, what are the valkyries carrying on their horses?

Tchaikousky

Which Russian Composer was famous for his ballets?

The Nutcracker

Which of Tchaikoskys ballets is about a child’s Christmas gift and dreams of exotic people and places?

Celesta

What is the keyboard instrument featured in the dance of the Sugar Plum Fairies?

Russia

"The Mighty Five" were nationalistic composers from which country?

Him coming back

In her aria "Un bel di", from Madame Butterfly, what does Cio-Cio-San sing about?

Kills herself

At the close of the opera Madame Butterfly, what does the title character do?

Started with painting

Which art form started impressionism?

Debussy

What is the name of the most well-known impressionist composer?

Tone color

The impressionist painter’s interest in color corresponds to the impressionist composer’s interest in which element of music?

Pentatonic, Whole tone

Impressionist composers used exotic scales in their compositions. Which exotic scales were sometimes used?

Symphonic poem

What is the genre of Debussy’s Prelude to the afternoon of a faun

Although exotic scales were often used by Debussy, which scale is used for the opening of Prelude to the Afternoon of a faun that is not exotic to the world or Western Art Music

Chromatic scale

Three part Form

What are the mood, form, and dynamic changes of Grieg’s Morning Mood?

Russia

The trepan is a folk dance from which country?