Nutrition Chapter 6 Quiz

Which of the following is not true about pepsin?
a) acid activates pepsin
b) pepsin acts on food in the stomach
c) pepsin works best in an alkaline environment
d) amino acid chains are the digestive products of its action

c) pepsin works best in an alkaline environment

Treating a protein with acid, heat, or agitation will cause _____, meaning that the three-dimensional structure of the protein has been altered (it unfolds).

denaturation, denature, denaturing

All of the following are true of high quality protein except
a) it provides 7 kcal/g of energy
b) it contains all essential amino acids
c) it can support body maintenance
d) it can support body growth

a) it provides 7 kcal/g of energy

Then protein consumption is in excess of body needs and energy needs are met, the excess amino acids are metabolized and the energy in the molecule is
a) stored as amino acids in muscles
b) store as glycogen and/or fat
c) stored as amino acids in the liver
d) excreted in the urine

b) store as glycogen and/or fat

Wilma is an alcoholic. Her liver has been damaged to such a degree that it cannot produce the appropriate blood proteins for fluid balance. She develops a condition call edema, which is
a) the build up of fluids in extracellular spaces
b) extreme thirst
c) loss of muscle mas
d) cardiovascular disease

a) the build up of fluids in extracellular spaces

The nitrogen from amino acid breakdown is
a) stored in the liver
b) converted to fat
c) oxidized to carbohydrate
d) converted to urea

d) converted to urea

High protein diets may be harmful for
a) those with kidney disease
b) athletes
c) body builders
d) the elderly

a) those with kidney disease

Today the best estimate for the amount of protein required for nearly all adults is ____ grams per kilogram body weight per day.
a) 1.5
b) 2
c) 0.6
d) 0.8

d) 0.8

Proteins regulate the acid-base balance of the blood by
a) releasing an acid
b) binding sodium ions
c) releasing nitrogen
d) acting as buffers

d) acting as buffers

____ is an important protein that acts as a hormone. It is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas.

Insulin, insuline

Which of the following is true about protein intake of people in the United States?
a) most consume approximately the amount needed to balance losses.
b) most do not consume enough protein
c) most consume more than is needed
d) athletes generally do not get enough protein without supplements

c) most consume more than is needed

The most reliable source of vitamin B12 for the vegan would be
a) fortified soybean milk
b) cheese
c) eggs
d) milk

a) fortified soybean milk

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?
a) 5
b) 29
c) 9
d) 20

d) 20

What is meant by the amino acid sequence of a protein?
a) order of appearance of only the essential amino acids in the protein
b) folding arrangement of the peptide chain
c) number of side chains in the protein
d) order of appearance of amino acids in the peptide chain

d) order of appearance of amino acids in the peptide chain

Jack weighs 176 pounds. What would be his RDA for protein?
a) 27 grams
b) 10 grams
c) 80 grams
d) 64 grams

d) 64 grams

What enzyme is released by the stomach to digest protein?
a) amylase
b) pepsin
c) trypsin
d) lipoprotein lipase

b) pepsin

Proteins are digested in which areas of the body?
a) stomach and small intestine
b) mouth and small intestine
c) small and large intestines
d) mouth and stomach

a) stomach and small intestine

All of the following are essential amino acids except
a) alanine
b) threonine
c) methionine
d) lysine

a) alanine

Plant proteins do not match our needs for essential amino acids and therefore are called ________ proteins.

Incomplete, low quality, lower quality,

Which of the following is true about protein?
a) it is unique in that it is the only dietary component that contains selenium
b) it is important primarily for increasing bone density
c) it is made up of combinations of approximately 20 amino acids
d) it is made up of combinations of amino acids and fatty acids

c) it is made up of combinations of approximately 20 amino acids

In proteins, amino acids are joined by _________ bonds.

peptide

The basic structure of an amino acid is C carbon atom with four different elements/groups bonded to it. The carbon has a hydrogen atom attached, a carboxyl group (acid group), a __________, and a generic "R" group, which identifies the amino acid.
a) amino group
b) hydroxyl group
c) methyl group
d) sulfhydryl group

a) amino group

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in the amino acid sequence of a protein chain is
a) marasmus
b) sickle cell anemia
c) edema
d) kwashiorkor

b) sickle cell anemia

_________ are the building blocks of protein.

Amino acids

An essential amino acid
a) can be synthesized in the body if caloric intake is adequate
b) can be formed in the body from semiessential amino acids.
c) cannot be synthesized in the body in sufficient quantity to meet body needs
d) can be synthesized in the body if there is a nitrogen source

c) cannot be synthesized in the body in sufficient quantity to meet body needs

Which of the following is a food that provides adequate amounts all of the essential amino acids?
a) milk
b) peanut butter
c) navy beans
d) wheat

a) milk

Johnny is 10 years old. He has had minimal protein intake for the last two years. He has just recently had surgery. What are the likely results of his deficient protein intake?
a) his surgical wound will heal quickly and effectively, but he won't grow effectively.
b) his surgical wound will not heal quickly and effectively, but he will grow effectively.
c) the size of his vital organs, including his heart, liver, and muscles, will decrease.
d) his surgical wound will heal effectively and he will grow normally because he can live off fat stores .

c) the size of his vital organs, including his heart, liver, and muscles, will decrease.

A condition resulting from regularly consuming an insufficient amount of energy and protein

Protein-energy malnutrition

A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces

Edema

Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids

Incomplete protein

Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids

Complete protein

Required by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet.

Essential amino acids

The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs.

Limiting amino acid

Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids.

Complementary proteins

A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses

Protein equilibrium

Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts

Nonessential amino acids

Nutrition Chapter 6 Quiz - Subjecto.com

Nutrition Chapter 6 Quiz

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Which of the following is not true about pepsin?
a) acid activates pepsin
b) pepsin acts on food in the stomach
c) pepsin works best in an alkaline environment
d) amino acid chains are the digestive products of its action

c) pepsin works best in an alkaline environment

Treating a protein with acid, heat, or agitation will cause _____, meaning that the three-dimensional structure of the protein has been altered (it unfolds).

denaturation, denature, denaturing

All of the following are true of high quality protein except
a) it provides 7 kcal/g of energy
b) it contains all essential amino acids
c) it can support body maintenance
d) it can support body growth

a) it provides 7 kcal/g of energy

Then protein consumption is in excess of body needs and energy needs are met, the excess amino acids are metabolized and the energy in the molecule is
a) stored as amino acids in muscles
b) store as glycogen and/or fat
c) stored as amino acids in the liver
d) excreted in the urine

b) store as glycogen and/or fat

Wilma is an alcoholic. Her liver has been damaged to such a degree that it cannot produce the appropriate blood proteins for fluid balance. She develops a condition call edema, which is
a) the build up of fluids in extracellular spaces
b) extreme thirst
c) loss of muscle mas
d) cardiovascular disease

a) the build up of fluids in extracellular spaces

The nitrogen from amino acid breakdown is
a) stored in the liver
b) converted to fat
c) oxidized to carbohydrate
d) converted to urea

d) converted to urea

High protein diets may be harmful for
a) those with kidney disease
b) athletes
c) body builders
d) the elderly

a) those with kidney disease

Today the best estimate for the amount of protein required for nearly all adults is ____ grams per kilogram body weight per day.
a) 1.5
b) 2
c) 0.6
d) 0.8

d) 0.8

Proteins regulate the acid-base balance of the blood by
a) releasing an acid
b) binding sodium ions
c) releasing nitrogen
d) acting as buffers

d) acting as buffers

____ is an important protein that acts as a hormone. It is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas.

Insulin, insuline

Which of the following is true about protein intake of people in the United States?
a) most consume approximately the amount needed to balance losses.
b) most do not consume enough protein
c) most consume more than is needed
d) athletes generally do not get enough protein without supplements

c) most consume more than is needed

The most reliable source of vitamin B12 for the vegan would be
a) fortified soybean milk
b) cheese
c) eggs
d) milk

a) fortified soybean milk

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?
a) 5
b) 29
c) 9
d) 20

d) 20

What is meant by the amino acid sequence of a protein?
a) order of appearance of only the essential amino acids in the protein
b) folding arrangement of the peptide chain
c) number of side chains in the protein
d) order of appearance of amino acids in the peptide chain

d) order of appearance of amino acids in the peptide chain

Jack weighs 176 pounds. What would be his RDA for protein?
a) 27 grams
b) 10 grams
c) 80 grams
d) 64 grams

d) 64 grams

What enzyme is released by the stomach to digest protein?
a) amylase
b) pepsin
c) trypsin
d) lipoprotein lipase

b) pepsin

Proteins are digested in which areas of the body?
a) stomach and small intestine
b) mouth and small intestine
c) small and large intestines
d) mouth and stomach

a) stomach and small intestine

All of the following are essential amino acids except
a) alanine
b) threonine
c) methionine
d) lysine

a) alanine

Plant proteins do not match our needs for essential amino acids and therefore are called ________ proteins.

Incomplete, low quality, lower quality,

Which of the following is true about protein?
a) it is unique in that it is the only dietary component that contains selenium
b) it is important primarily for increasing bone density
c) it is made up of combinations of approximately 20 amino acids
d) it is made up of combinations of amino acids and fatty acids

c) it is made up of combinations of approximately 20 amino acids

In proteins, amino acids are joined by _________ bonds.

peptide

The basic structure of an amino acid is C carbon atom with four different elements/groups bonded to it. The carbon has a hydrogen atom attached, a carboxyl group (acid group), a __________, and a generic "R" group, which identifies the amino acid.
a) amino group
b) hydroxyl group
c) methyl group
d) sulfhydryl group

a) amino group

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in the amino acid sequence of a protein chain is
a) marasmus
b) sickle cell anemia
c) edema
d) kwashiorkor

b) sickle cell anemia

_________ are the building blocks of protein.

Amino acids

An essential amino acid
a) can be synthesized in the body if caloric intake is adequate
b) can be formed in the body from semiessential amino acids.
c) cannot be synthesized in the body in sufficient quantity to meet body needs
d) can be synthesized in the body if there is a nitrogen source

c) cannot be synthesized in the body in sufficient quantity to meet body needs

Which of the following is a food that provides adequate amounts all of the essential amino acids?
a) milk
b) peanut butter
c) navy beans
d) wheat

a) milk

Johnny is 10 years old. He has had minimal protein intake for the last two years. He has just recently had surgery. What are the likely results of his deficient protein intake?
a) his surgical wound will heal quickly and effectively, but he won’t grow effectively.
b) his surgical wound will not heal quickly and effectively, but he will grow effectively.
c) the size of his vital organs, including his heart, liver, and muscles, will decrease.
d) his surgical wound will heal effectively and he will grow normally because he can live off fat stores .

c) the size of his vital organs, including his heart, liver, and muscles, will decrease.

A condition resulting from regularly consuming an insufficient amount of energy and protein

Protein-energy malnutrition

A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces

Edema

Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids

Incomplete protein

Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids

Complete protein

Required by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet.

Essential amino acids

The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs.

Limiting amino acid

Two food protein sources that make up for each other’s inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids.

Complementary proteins

A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses

Protein equilibrium

Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts

Nonessential amino acids

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