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What is the number of subatomic particles in gold? |
protons/electrons – 79 neutrons – 118 |
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Give one property of gold. |
doesn’t rust or tarnish |
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How much gold is in one ton of the mined rock? |
one ounce |
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How much is each truckload of ore worth, once the gold is extracted? |
$720,000 |
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What determines how reactive an element is? |
how willing it is to share electrons |
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What are the noble metals |
Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au |
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Why is gold so heavy? |
it is dense |
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What is the number of subatomic particles in copper? |
protons/electrons – 29 neutrons – 35 |
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List three uses of copper. |
pennies, infrastructure, electronics, plumbing |
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Give one property of copper. |
conducts electricity |
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What alloy does tin make when mixed with copper? |
bronze |
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How are atoms arranged in pure metals? |
orderly rows and columns |
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Why isn’t pure copper used for bells instead of bronze? |
it is softer and can be bent; not the same sound |
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How much would you have to zoom in on a map of the United States to replicate the power of an electron microscope? |
100,000,000 |
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Why is the microscope wrapped in acoustic blankets? |
absorb and reflect sound |
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What part of the atom is actually visible under the microscope? |
the outermost boundaries of an atom |
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What do protons determine about an element? |
the name of the element |
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What is the number of protons called? |
atomic # |
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Give an example of a real life object made from calcium. |
bone |
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Give an example of a real life object made from bismuth. |
stomach medicine |
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Give an example of a real life object made from bromine. |
soda |
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What is a family of elements? |
elements of similar properties |
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Where did the noble gases get their name? |
don’t like to react to other elements |
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What do electrons determine? |
reactivity |
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Give the number of atomic particles in chlorine. |
protons and electrons – 17 neutrons – 18 |
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Chlorine wants to ________ one electron, becoming an _________. |
Chlorine wants to take one electron, becoming an ion. |
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Why do alkali metals and halogens react so strongly with other elements? |
halogens want to lose a valence electron. |
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What do sodium and chlorine make when combined? |
sodium chloride |
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What state of matter is sodium? |
solid |
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Is sodium reactive or stable? |
reactive |
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Name a practical use for sodium. |
artificial rubber |
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What state of matter is chlorine? |
gas |
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Is chlorine reactive or stable? |
reactive |
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Name a practical use for chlorine. |
pool cleaner |
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What state of matter is sodium chloride? |
solid |
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Is sodium chloride reactive or stable? |
stable |
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Name a practical use for sodium chloride. |
salt |
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What is ANFO? |
Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil |
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What do each of the spikes on the ion chromatograph represent? |
different elements in different locations |
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This is the chemical reaction of the ANFO explosion. Explain what happens during this reaction to release so much heat energy. C+NH4NO3->H20+N2+O2 |
A big explosion occurs, destroying the chemical bonds. Basically, the heat destroys the chemical bonds. |
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Write the chemical equation for the burning candle. |
C+O |
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Write the chemical equation for the formation of rust. |
Fe+O |
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Compare the speed and explosive force of gunpowder, emulsion-gel, and C4. Which is the fastest? Explain why. |
gunpowder: fast, least explosive emulsion-gel: high explosive, very fast C4: very high explosive, blistering fast |
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List the six most common elements of life |
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus,sulfur |
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What common object contains carbon, and name an important property? |
charcoal; can bond to itself |
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What common object contains hydrogen, and name an important property? |
water; lightest atom in universe |
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What common object contains nitrogen, and name an important property? |
fertilizer; plant food |
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What common object contains oxygen, and name an important property? |
water; fuels fire |
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What common object contains phosphorus, and name an important property? |
matches; ATP |
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What common object contains sulfur, and name an important property? |
tire; smells, used in tires |
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What can happen when excessive trace elements are lost from the body? |
sweating, hair loss |
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Describe a body function or part that utilizes calcium? |
bones, muscle contractions |
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Describe a body function or part that utilizes iron? |
blood, hemoglobin |
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Describe a body function or part that utilizes potassium? |
cramping |
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Describe a body function or part that utilizes zinc? |
energy metabolism |
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Describe a body function or part that utilizes magnesium? |
energy metabolism |
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Describe a body function or part that utilizes sodium? |
nervous system |
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What three conditions did the earliest bacteria need for energy production? |
hot water, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, iron |
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What do cyanobacteria use for energy production? What do they release as waste? |
use of CO2 for energy and release oxygen |
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In the core sample collected from Yellowstone, which layer is the cyanobacteria? |
the greenish layer on top |
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What is the origin of hydrogen, the smallest element? |
the Big Bang |
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Describe the process of fusion and how it produces helium. |
it fuses two hydrogen atoms to make a helium atom |
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What happens when a star runs low on hydrogen fuel? |
it makes larger elements up to iron |
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What is created in supernova explosion? |
elements are heavier than iron |
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What elements is sand made of? |
silicon and oxygen |
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What is added to Gorilla Glass to make it stronger than normal glass? |
metal atoms |
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Where do most of the rare earth elements come from? |
China |
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How are the fifteen rare elements chemically similar? |
look alike, have same valence electrons |
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What elements are rare earth magnets usually made of? |
neodinium, boron, iron |
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Why are rare earth elements in such short supply? |
hard to separate |
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How do sharks react to rare earth metals? |
they do not like it and swim away; it repels sharks |
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Describe the following parts of the lemon shark experiment: |
Independent variable – elements dependent variable – shark’s reaction experimental group – samarium control group – the tuna with lead |
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What is the difference between the compositions of these carbon isotopes? |
All three have 6 protons/electrons. Carbon-12 has 6 neutrons, carbon-13 has 7 neutrons, carbon-14 has 8 neutrons. |
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What happens to Carbon-14 over time? |
its atoms begin to break down |
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Define radioactive half-life. |
the time it takes for carbon-14 to decay |
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Based on carbon dating, how long ago did the tree die |
150 years ago |
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Give the number of subatomic particles in uranium. |
protons/electrons – 92 neutrons – 146 |
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How is the mousetrap simulation similar to a fission chain reaction? |
the mousetraps are uranium atoms while the ping pong balls are neutrons |
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What element was used as fuel for the "Little Boy" bomb? |
uranium – 235 |
|
What element was used as fuel for the "Fat Man" bomb? |
plutonium |
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