Musical Elements II (Music History)

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Melody may be defined as
Select one:
A. a resting place at the end of a phrase.
B. the organization of beats into regular groupings.
C. a series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole.
D. an emotional focal point in a tune.

C. a series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole.

A melody is said to move by steps if it moves by
Select one:
A. large intervals.
B. having rests between the notes.
C. repeating the same notes.
D. adjacent scale tones.

D. adjacent scale tones.

A part of a melody is called a
Select one:
A. sequence.
B. step.
C. phrase.
D. cadence.

C. phrase.

A cadence is
Select one:
A. the repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch.
B. the emotional focal point of a melody.
C. a melody that serves as the starting point for a more extended piece of music.
D. a resting place at the end of a phrase.

D. a resting place at the end of a phrase.

A theme is
Select one:
A. a melody that serves as the starting point for a more extended piece of music.
B. the repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch.
C. the emotional focal point of a melody.
D. a resting place at the end of a phrase.

A. a melody that serves as the starting point for a more extended piece of music.

A chord is a
Select one:
A. combination of three or more tones sounded at once.
B. resting point at the end of a phrase.
C. series of individual tones heard one after another.
D. pattern of accents used in music.

A. combination of three or more tones sounded at once.

A series of chords is called a/an
Select one:
A. arpeggio.
B. triad.
C. consonance.
D. progression.

D. progression.

A consonance is a combination of tones that
Select one:
A. is considered unstable and tense.
B. is considered stable and restful.
C. are sounded one after the other.
D. form a melody.

B. is considered stable and restful.

A dissonance is a combination of tones that
Select one:
A. is considered stable and restful.
B. is considered unstable and tense.
C. form a melody.
D. are sounded one after the other.

B. is considered unstable and tense.

Resolution refers to a/an
Select one:
A. dissonant chord moving to a consonant chord.
B. arpeggio.
C. consonant chord moving to a dissonant chord.
D. composer resolving to write a composition.

A. dissonant chord moving to a consonant chord.

Dynamic tension that demands onward motion in music is usually the result of
Select one:
A. the performer’s technical ability.
B. the audience’s response.
C. the impulse of dissonance to be resolved.
D. a high volume level.

C. the impulse of dissonance to be resolved.

Key refers to
Select one:
A. a musical symbol placed at the beginning of the staff.
B. any twelve random pitches.
C. a central tone, scale, and chord.
D. the major scale.

C. a central tone, scale, and chord.

The word chromatic comes from the Greek word chroma, meaning color, and is used in music to refer to the
Select one:
A. eight tones of the octave.
B. twelve tones of the octave.
C. color of the instrumentation.
D. use of colorful descriptions of the music.

B. twelve tones of the octave.

Monophonic texture consists of
Select one:
A. one main melody accompanied by chords.
B. two or more melodies of relatively equal interest performed simultaneously.
C. a single melodic line without accompaniment.
D. All choices are correct.

C. a single melodic line without accompaniment.

Polyphonic texture consists of
Select one:
A. a single melodic line without accompaniment.
B. two or more melodies of relatively equal interest performed simultaneously.
C. two or more different versions of the same basic melody performed simultaneously.
D. one main melody accompanied by chords.

B. two or more melodies of relatively equal interest performed simultaneously.

The technique of combining several melodic lines into a meaningful whole is called
Select one:
A. texture.
B. imitation.
C. counterpoint.
D. unison.

C. counterpoint.

A round is an example of
Select one:
A. monophonic texture.
B. strict imitation.
C. homophonic texture.
D. key vs. harmony.

B. strict imitation.

A song in which several people sing the same melody but each singer starts at a different time is an example of
Select one:
A. monophonic texture.
B. homophonic texture.
C. strict imitation.
D. key vs. harmony.

C. strict imitation.

Repetition is a technique widely used in music because it
Select one:
A. creates a sense of unity.
B. All choices are correct.
C. helps engrave a melody in the memory.
D. provides a feeling of balance and symmetry.

B. All choices are correct.

Forward motion, conflict, and change of mood all come from
Select one:
A. repetition.
B. dynamics.
C. contrast.
D. homogeneity.

C. contrast.

Three-part form can be represented as
Select one:
A. All choices are correct.
B. ABA’.
C. ABA.
D. statement, contrast, return.

A. All choices are correct.

Embellishments are
Select one:
A. songs or works created at the same time they were performed.
B. notes in the music that embellish the melody.
C. obsolete in contemporary performances.
D. ornaments not printed in the music that seventeenth- and eighteenth-century performers were expected to add.

D. ornaments not printed in the music that seventeenth- and eighteenth-century performers were expected to add.

A virtuoso is a performer who has
Select one:
A. developed an extraordinary technical mastery.
B. learned to sing or play an instrument.
C. a great natural talent.
D. an uncle in the business.

A. developed an extraordinary technical mastery.

Before the nineteenth century, the time beat was
Select one:
A. given only for the chorus, since the orchestra was composed of professionals who didn’t need it.
B. given by the first violinist, the keyboard player, or both.
C. given by the soloist of the work or not at all.
D. unnecessary, since there were only a few performers.

B. given by the first violinist, the keyboard player, or both.

Most of the conductor’s work
Select one:
A. is done in the rehearsal.
B. is unnecessary, since the conductor is only a figurehead.
C. is done during the performance.
D. requires little specialized training.

A. is done in the rehearsal.

Changes in musical style from one historical period to the next are usually
Select one:
A. for the worse.
B. recognizable only by scholars and professional musicians.
C. continuous.
D. very abrupt.

C. continuous.

We know little about the music of very ancient civilizations because
Select one:
A. oral tradition did not serve its purpose.
B. it was too primitive to interest later generations.
C. hardly any notated music has survived from these cultures.
D. there probably was almost none.

C. hardly any notated music has survived from these cultures.

Staccato means to play the notes __________.

Short and Detached

Legato means to play the notes __________.

Smoothly

Briefly describe harmony.

Harmony refers to the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other.

The simplest, most basic chord used in Western music is the __________.

Triad

Briefly describe form in music.

In music, form is the organization of musical elements in time. Pitch, tone, color, dynamics, rhythm, melody, and texture interact to produce a sense of shape and structure, for a musical composition.

Bringing the printed symbols of a page of music to life is the job of the __________.

Performer

A musical statement, followed by a repeat of the statement, then a counterstatement, would be called __________ form.

Binary

A shift from one key to another within the same composition is called __________.

Modulation

The emotional focal point of a melody is called the __________.

Climax

The repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch is called a/an __________.

Sequence

Traditionally, a composition would almost always end on a/an __________.

Tonic Chord

The sense of relatedness to a central tone is known as __________.

Tonality

When there is one main melody accompanied by chords, the texture is __________.

Homophonic

List the seven style periods with their dates in chronological order.

Middle Ages (450-1450), Renaissance (1450-1600), Baroque (1600-1750), Classical (1750-1820), Romantic (1820-1900), Twentieth century to 1945 (1900-1945), 1945 to present (1945-present)

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