Music Appreciation Test 2

Time Period (Classical)

1750-1820

Masters of classical period:

Beethoven, Mozart, Haydn

Elements of music in classical period:

1. melodies are tuneful and easy to remember 2. fluctuate in mood 3. wealth of rhythmic patterns 4. homophonic

The typical orchestra of the classical period consisted of

strings, pairs of woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and timpani

A symphony is a

sonata for orchestra

Social mobility during the classical period was

an important factor in the rise of the middle class

Political and economic power shifted to the middle class from the aristocracy and the

church

Joseph Haydn was content to spend most of his life

serving a wealthy aristocratic family

Haydn’s contract of employment shows that he was considered

a skilled servant

Vienna, when Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were active,

1. 4th largest city in Europe 2. was the seat of the Holy Roman Empire 3. Had a population of almost 250,000

In the classical period, comic operas sometimes

ridiculed aristocracy

In Vienna, Haydn and Mozart

became close friends

Sonata form consists of 3 main sections: exposition, development and

recapitulation

A transitional passage that leads to a contrasting section is called a

bridge

The 3 main sections of a sonata form movement are often followed by a concluding section known as the

coda

The ___________ movement of Haydn’s surprise symphony is in theme-and-variations form

second

The minuet is generally the _______________ movement of classical symphony

third

The rondo may be schematically outlined as

ABACABA

3 movement work for an instrumental soloist and orchestra. combines soloist’s virtuosity and interpretive abilities with the orchestra’s wide range of tone color and dynamics

concerto

in the first movement of concerto, sometimes in the last, there is a special unaccompanied showpiece for the soloists called

cadenza

fermata is a sign meaning

pause

Which 2 composers often wrote concertos to perform themselves?

Mozart and Beethoven

How long are concertos?

20-45 min

Movements of concerto:

fast, slow, fast

A classical concerto begins with a movement in _______________ form of a special kind, containing ______ expositions.

sonata, two

music designed for the intimate setting of a room in a home or palace, rather than public concert hall

chamber music

most important form in classical chamber music _____________________________, written for two violins, a viola and a cello.

string quartet

Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven wrote some of their most important music in _______________

string quartet

string quartet consists of movments:

fast, slow, minuet/scherzo, fast

popular forms of classical chamber music:

sonata (violin and piano), the piano trio (violin cello, piano), and string quintet (2 violins, two violas, and cello)

Born in a tiny Austrian village called Rohrau

Haydn

Until age 6, musical background consisted of folk songs and peasant dances

Haydn

At age 8 he went to Vienna to serve as a choir boy in Cathedral of St. Stephen

Haydn

Gave lessons to children, struggled to teach himself composition, took odd jobs

Haydn

Played for Hungarian noble family

Haydn

He was a highly skilled servant

Haydn

He was given an honorary doctorate at Oxford and was received by the royal family

Haydn

In his late 60s, he composed 6 masses and 2 oratorios

Haydn

Composed The Creation and The Seasons

Haydn

A pioneer in the development of the symphony and string quartet

Haydn

Composed 104 symphonies and 68 string quartets

Haydn

Composed Trumpet Concerto in E Flat Major (1796)

Haydn

Born in Salzburg, Austria

Mozart

By the time he was 6 he could play the harpsichord and violin, improvise fugues, write minuets, and read music perfectly at first sight

Mozart

At age 8, wrote a symphony

Mozart

At age 11 wrote an oratorio

Mozart

At age 12 wrote and opera

Mozart

Played for Empress Maria Theresa in Vienna, Louis XV at Versailles, George III in London, and aristocrats along the way

Mozart

At age 15 made to only play within a court orchestra

Mozart

At 25, left Salzburg for Vienna to become a freelance musician

Mozart

Composed the opera Le Nozze di Figaro

Mozart

His music was complicated and hard to follow

Mozart

During his last year, he received a commission for a German comic opera

Mozart

Requiem for the dead

Mozart

Died of rheumatic fever on Dec 5, 1791

Mozart

Wrote in all musical forms of his time

Mozart

His music conveys a feeling of ease, grace, and spontaneity as well as balance, restraint, and perfect proportion

Mozart

His use of mysterious harmonies bring dark moods that contrast with lyricism

Mozart

Completed his last three symphonies in only 3 weeks

Mozart

Wrote concertos for violin, horn, flute, bassoon, oboe, and clarinet

Mozart

Composed the operas The Marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni, and Cosi fan tutte

Mozart

Wrote Symphony No 40 in G Minor K. 550 (1788)

Mozart

Born in Bonn, Germany

Beethoven

By age 11, serving as an assistant to the court organist

Beethoven

At age 12, had several piano compositions published

Beethoven

At age 16, played for Mozart

Beethoven

Left Bonn to study with Haydn in Vienna

Beethoven

Went secretly to another teacher

Beethoven

3 Noblemen committed themselves to ____________ an annual income, as long as he remained in Vienna

Beethoven

Became deaf

Beethoven

Forced to stop playing at age 44

Beethoven

Carried notebooks for communication

Beethoven

His music reflects his powerful, tortured personality

Beethoven

Sometimes he worked years on a single symphony, writing other works during the same period of time

Beethoven

Carried music sketchbooks

Beethoven

Mostly used classical forms and techniques, but gave them new power and intensity

Beethoven

bridged classical and romantic eras

Beethoven

Most popular works: 9 symphonies written for larger orchestras than the other 2

Beethoven

Odd numbered symphonies are forceful and the even ones are more calm

Beethoven

Wrote 32 piano sanatas

Beethoven

Wrote two mass and one opera

Beethoven

Wrote Symphony No 5 in C Minor Op 67 (1808)

Beethoven