Music Appreciation Pt. 6

Impartial in approach; reality rather than illusion

classicism

Aristocratic patronage of the arts

classicism

Emphasis on balance and clarity of structures

classicism

Emotional subjectivity; fantasy

romanticism

Interest in the strange and the unknown

romanticism

Wide range of emotional expression

romanticism

Nationalism

romanticism

Traditionalism; adherence to established methods

classicism

Enthusiasm for the culture of the Middle Ages

romanticism

Exoticism

romanticism

Belief in the supernatural; personification

romanticism

Art and culture of ancient Greece as a basic influence

classicism

Brilliant colors and dynamic motion

romanticism

Emotional restraint and good taste

classicism

Nature as the mirror of the human heart

romanticism

Frequently autobiographical

romanticism

Period of the industrial revolution

romanticism

Individualism

romanticism

Faith in the power of reason

classicism

Period of the American and French revolutions

classicism

The composer whose career was a model for many romantic composers was

Ludwig van Beethoven

A composer who earned his/her living as a violin virtuoso was

Niccolo Paganini

One of the few composers fortunate enough to be supported by private patrons was

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Music criticism was a source of income for both Berlioz and

Robert Schumann

When music conservatories were founded, women

were at first accepted only as students of performance

Schubert

was the first great master of the romantic art song

The piano’s relentless rhythm in Erlkonig (The Erlking) unifies the song’s episodes and suggests the

galloping horses

Schubert’s songs number more than

600

The Erlking, in Schubert’s song of that name, is a romantic personification of

death

The Erlking is a poem by

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

The form of the Erlking is

through-composed

Which of the following is not true of music of the Romantic period?

All the music was deeply rooted in the classical tradition

Which of the following music reflects the concept of exoticism?

Bizet’s opera Carmen

Instrumental music associated with a story is called:

program music

By the end of the romantic era, an orchestra might include ___ musicians.

100

The purpose of using chromatic chords in Romantic music was to

add color and motion

Berlioz’s use of a lyrical melody from the opening movement of Symphonie fantastique that is then repeated as a grotesque dance in the finale is an example of:

thematic transformation

Which characteristic is not true of Schumman’s works?

usually linked with non-descriptive titles, texts, or programs

Robert Schumann’s Carnaval is a(n)

cycle of piano pieces

Clara Wieck was

Schumann’s wife and a virtuoso pianist, and the daughter of his piano teacher

During the first ten years of his creative life, Schumann published only

piano pieces

As a writer and critic, Schumann

founded and edited the New Journal of Music, discovered and made famous some of the leading composers of his day, and wrote appreciative reviews of young radical composers like Chopin and Berlioz

In the art song, which instrument shares an equal interpretive task with the voice?

piano

An art song in which two stanzas of a poem are set to the same music and another stanza is set to different music is called

modified strophic form

A set of art songs that are intended to be performed together as a group is called

a song cycle

One of the characteristics of Schumann’s Carnaval is that it

is permeated with autobiographical references in its musical ideas

Clara Wieck Schumann considered herself to be primarily

a performing artist

Romanze (romance) in the nineteeth century was often used for a(n)

short, lyrical piece for piano

Clara Schumann frequently performed the works of her husband and her close friend

Johannes Brahms

Clara Schumann

stopped composing at the age of thirty-six when her husband died

As a composer, Clara Schumann

wrote songs, piano pieces, a piano concerto, and a trio for piano, violin, and cello

Chopin was

shy and reserved

Most of Chopin’s pieces

are exquisite miniatures

Chopin’s Revolutionary Etude in C Minor develops the pianist’s left hand because

the left hand must play rapid passages throughout

Because of his size, it was difficult for Chopin to

produce big sounds on the piano

Much of Chopin’s music is an example of

nationalism

The polonaise is

a dance in triple meter

In the 1830’s, Paris was

a center of romanticism, the artistic capital of Europe, and the home of Victor Hugo, Honore de Valzac, and Heinrich Heine

Among Liszt’s favorite inspirations were the literary works of

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Liszt typified the romantic movement because he

had a charismatic personality and was a stupendous performer

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Liszt’s piano works?

a small range of dynamics

In many of his works, Liszt unified contrasting moods by a process known as

thematic transformation

During his teens and twenties, Liszt lived in

Paris

As a youth, Liszt was influenced by the performances of

Niccolo Paganini

Liszt created the _____, a one movement orchestral composition based to some extent on a literary or pictorial idea.

symphonic poem

Liszt abandoned his career as a traveling virtuoso to become court conductor at ____, where he championed works by contemporary composers.

Weimar

Until the age of thirty-six, Liszt toured Europe as a virtuoso

pianist

The high point of Mendelssohn’s career was the triumphant premiere of his oratorio _____ in England.

Elijah

Mendelssohn’s Concerto for violin in E Minor opens with a(n)

soloist, who presents the main theme

The three movements of Mendelssohn’s Concerto for violin

are played without pause

In the first movement of the Concerto for violin, the cadenza

appears at the end of the development section as a transition to the recapitulation

Mendelssohn is known as the man who rekindled an interest in the music of

Johann Sebastian Bach

The work referred to by Beethoven as an expression of feeling rather than painting, was his

Symphony No. 6

The aim of most program music is

expression

A ____ is a one-movement orchestral composition based to some extent on a literary or pictorial idea

symphonic poem

The composer who developed the symphonic poem was

Franz Liszt

Today’s movie scores may be regarded as examples of

incidental music

Nonprogram music is also known as ____ music.

absolute

In order to support his family, Berlioz turned to

musical journalism

Parisians were startled by Berlioz’s Fantastic Symphony because of its

sensationally autbiographical program, amazingly novel orchestration, and vivid description of the weird and diabolical

In the 1830 the Paris Conservatory awarded Berlioz

the Prix de Rome

The liturgical melody quoted in the last movement of the Fantastic Symphony is the

Dies irae

Outside France, Hector Berlioz enjoyed a great career as a (n)

conductor

Berlioz’s Fantastic Symphony is unified by the recurrence of a theme known as the

idee fixe

The Fantastic Symphony reflects Berlioz’s

love for the actress Harriet Smithson

The fourth movement of the Fantastic Symphony depicts a

march to the scaffold

Which of the following was not composed by Berlioz

The Sorcerer’s Apprentice

The second movement of the Fantastic Symphony is a _____, the most popular dance of the romantic era.

waltz

The most original, and probably the greatest of the Russian five, was

Modest Mussorgsky

Libretti that fanned the public’s hatred for its Austria overlords were deliberately chosen by the composer

Giuseppe Verdi

Smetana grew up when Bohemia was under _______ domination.

Austrian

The founder of Czech national music was

Bedrich Smetana

Even though Smetana was deaf at the time, he composed a musical work depicting Bohemia’s main river as it flows through the countryside. The name of the river, and the musical composition, is the

Moldau

The first America concert pianist to gain international recognition was

Louis Moreau Gottschalk

Smetana’s most popular opera is

The Bartered Bride

Nadezhda von Mecj was

a wealthy benefactress who provided Tchaikovsky with an annuity

At its premiere in 1870, Tchaikovsky’s Romeo and Juliet Overture was

a dismal failure

Which of the following was not composed by Tchaikovsky?

Russian Easter Overture

Tchaikovsky’s Romeo and Juliet is a(n)

concert overture

Tchaikovsky’s Sixth Symphony

ends with a slow, despairing finale

Antonin Dvorak’s music was first promoted by

Johannes Brahms

Dvorak ____ quoted actual folk tunes in his compositions.

rarely

In the second movement of Dvorak’s New World Symphony, the nostalgic quality of the melody of the famous largo movement is heightened by the timbre of the

english horn

In 1892 Dvorak went to ____, where he spent almost three years as director of the National Conservatory of Music

New York

Dvorak "found a secure basis for a new national [American] musical school
in the

African-American spirituals

The popular character of the Dvorak’s New World Symphony can be traced to the composer’s use of ____ often found in folk music.

syncopations, pentatonic scales, and modal scales

Smetana is regarded today as the father of ____.

Czech national music

Smetana’s most famous work is the tone poem Ma Vlast (My Land). In it, the movement called The Moldau depicts

a river

Brahms’s works, though very personal in style, are rooted in the music of

Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Beethoven

Brahms’s musical trademarks included

the use of two notes against three

The course of Brahms’s artistic and personal life was shaped by the influence of the composer

Robert Schumann and his wife Clara

Which piece established Brahms as a leading composer of his time?

A German Requiem

Brahms created masterpieces in all the traditional forms except

opera

The original source for the theme of the fourth movement of Brahms’s Fourth Symphony was a

cantata by J.S. Bach

The fourth movement of Brahms’s Fourth Symphony is a _____, a baroque variation form.

passacaglia

Critics were often scandalized by the subject matter of Verdi’s operas because they

seemed to condone rape, suicide, and free love

Which of the following operas is not by Verdi?

Cavalleria rusticana

Verdi’s great comic masterpiece, written when he was seventy-nine, is

Falstaff

Verdi studied music in _____, the city where Italy’s most important opera house, La Scala, is located.

Milan

Rigoletto, the title character in Giuseppe Verdi’s opera, is

a hunchbacked court jester

Verdi’s first great success, an opera with strong political overtones, was

Nabucco

Verdi mainly composed his operas

to entertain a mass public

The famous aria "La donna e mobile" is taken from Verdi’s opera

Rigoletto

The soul of a Verdi opera is

expressive vocal melody

Verdi’s later operas differ from his earlier ones in that they have

less difference between aria and recitative, greater musical continuity, and more imaginative orchestrations

Puccini’s operas have lasting appeal because

he had a marvelous sense of theater, his melodies have short, memorable phrases and are intensely emotional, and he minimized the difference between aria and recitative, thus creating a continuous flow of music

In La Boheme, who sings the aria "Che gelida manina" ("How cold your little hand is!")?

Rodolfo

Puccini used melodic and rhythmic elements derived from Asian music in his operas

Madame Butterfly and Turandot

An artistic trend of the 1890’s, in which operas dealt with ordinary people and true-to-life situations, was known as

verismo

Which of the following operas was not written by Puccini?

I Pagliacci

Puccini’s first successful opera was

Manon Lescaut

La Boheme takes place in

Paris

Mimi and Rodolfo meet for the first time in La Boheme because she has come to his door to ask for a

light for her candle

In La Boheme, Rodolfo is a young

poet

Which of the following operas is considered an example of verismo?

Tosca

Siegmund, in Wagner’s opera Die Walkure is

Sieglinde’s brother, then lover, Wotan’s son by a mortal woman, and Siegfried’s father

The composer who had an overwhelming influence on the young Wagner was

Ludwig van Beethoven

Wagner called his works music dramas rather than operas because

there are no breaks where applause can interrupt

Wagner’s last opera was

Parsifal

The librettos to The Ring of the Nibelung were written by

Wagner himself

A short musical associated with a person, object, or thought, used by Wagner in his operas, is called

leitmotif

Valhalla, in Wagner’s Ring cycle is

the castle of the gods

Wagner had an opera house built to his own specifications in

Bayreuth

Wagner’s first successful opera was

Rienzi

Which of the following operas was not composed by Wagner?

Fidelio

Inclusion of folk songs, dances, legends, and other national material in a composition to associate it with the composer’s homeland; characteristic of romantic music

nationalism

Uses of melodies, rhythms, or instruments that suggest foreign lands; common in romantic music

exoticism

Explanatory comments specifying the story, scene, or idea associated with program music

program

Use of chords containing tones not found in the prevailing major or minor scale but included in the chromatic scale (which has twelve tones); often found in romantic music

chromatic harmony

Slight holding back or pressing forward of tempo to intensify the expression of music, often used in romantic music

rubato

Alteration of the character of a theme by means of changes in dynamics, orchestration, or rhythm, when it returns in a later movement or section; often found in romantic music

thematic transformation

Concluding section; the section at the end of an art song that sums up its mood, played by the piano or orchestra, without the voice

postlude

Vocal form in which the same music is repeated for each stanza of a poem

strophic form

Vocal form in which there is new music for each stanza of a poem

through-composed form

Form in which two or more stanzas of poetry are set to the same music while other stanzas have new music; found in art songs of the romantic period

modified strophic form

Instrumental music having no intended association with a story, poem, idea, or scene; nonprogram music

absolute music

Single melody used in several movements of a long work to represent a recurring idea

Idee fixe

Scale made up of five different tones, used in folk music and music of the far east

pentatonic scale

Short musical idea associated with a person, object, or thought, characteristic of the operas of Wagner

Leitmotif

In romanticism, the ____ was responsible to learn and play the piano in the house.

daughter

The Carnaval consisted of ___ piano pieces

21

Showed/eveloped a skill on the piano

etude

This person came up with the thought of thematic transformation

Liszt

Liszt’s symphonic poem was instead in

one movement

Gerta was

Schubert’s favorite poet

The father of musicology because he brought back baroque (through Bach & Handle) & did not write any operas

Mendelssohn

The first symphony to have a fifth movements

Symphony Fastique

One of the most famous Russian romanticism composer

Tchaikovsky

Tchaikovsky’s mysterious benefactor was

Monaque (don’t know the spelling lol)

Most famous piano concerto piece was

Concerto No. 1 by Tchaikovsky

What was Tchaikovsky’s favorite piece?

Serenade for strings

Valhalla =

where gods live in Wagner’s "Lite Motif"

Mendelssohn was a

painter, linguist, and writer

Mussorgsky’s pictures at the exhibition was inspired by

pictures in a memorial exhibit

Liszt’s music =

symphonic poem, huge piece with no breaks, and its a bout a story

When a piece is not programmatic it is

absolute

Berlioz wrote

Symphony Fastastique

The fifth movement in Symphony Fantastique =

Dreamis of a Witches Sabbath

The fourth movement in Symphony Fantastique =

March of the Scaffold

The second movement in Symphony Fantastique =

is a waltz (fast/furious)

Tchaikovsky’s favorite instruments to play were the

oboe and the english horn for the melody

Dvorak visited which American state?

New York

Brahm’s original source of inspiration was

Bach

The fourth symphony for Brahm was

Allegro energico e passionato

Ring cycle is an

opera that lasts several days about Valhalla (where gods live)

Mahler began his professional musical life as a

conductor of musical comedies

Which of the following statement is not true?

Mahler; having spent the major portion of his life conducting operas, it is not surprising that his output is mainly in that genre

Which of the following works was not composed by Gustav Mahler?

Die Winterreise

By supervising every aspect of its performances, Mahler brought the _______ to new heights of excellence.

Vienna Opera

Mahler’s Lieder Eines Fahrenden Gesellen (Songs of a Wayfarer) is a

song cycle