[Middle Ages, Renaissance, Baroque] in Enjoyment of Music

Trouvère songs of the Middle Ages dealt with all of the following subjects except

love. dancing. the Crusades. **religion.

The ars nova or new art differed from older music in that

the subjects were all secular. there was no syncopation. **a new system of notation permitted composers to specify almost any rhythmic pattern. the music emphasized homophonic texture.

Pope Gregory the Great

composed all of the Gregorian chants. published all of the Gregorian chants. **reorganized the Catholic church liturgy during his reign from 590 to 604. All answers are correct.

The music the Medieval monks sang was called

contemporary gospel. **Gregorian chant. estampies. Trouvère songs.

Guillaume de Machaut was a ______________ as well as a musician.

court official poet priest **All answers are correct.

Guillaume de Machaut’s compositions consist mainly of

music for church services. Gregorian chants. dance music. **love songs with instrumental accompaniment.

The two types of services at which monks and nuns sang were

the salvation service and the holiness service. the monastery and the convent. **the office and the mass. the worship service and the praise service.

The French secular songs of the Middle Ages were often concerned with

the Crusades. dancing. love. **All answers are correct.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the mass ordinary?

**Ave Maria Gloria Kyrie Credo

Among other causes, secular music became more important than sacred music in the fourteenth century because

the literature of the time stressed earthly sensuality. rival popes claimed authority at the same time, thereby weakening the authority of the church. the feudal system had gone into decline. **All answers are correct.

______________ is a term applied to medieval music that consists of Gregorian chant and one or more additional melodic lines.

Alleluia **Organum Jongleurs Ostinato

Which of the following is NOT true of Gregorian chant?

It conveys a calm, otherworldly quality. Its rhythm is flexible, without meter. The melodies tend to move by step within a narrow range of pitches. **It is usually polyphonic in texture.

A virtual monopoly on learning during the Middle Ages was held by

knights in castles. professors in universities. **monks in monasteries. wandering minstrels or jongleurs.

During the Middle Ages, what institution was the center of musical life?

**The church The castle The merchant’s living room The king’s court

The earliest known composers to write music with measured rhythm were

Pope Gregory and Chastelain de Couci. Machaut and Josquin. **Leonin and Perotin. All answers are correct.

The Renaissance motet is a

polyphonic choral composition made up of five sections. piece for several solo voices set to a short poem, usually about love. dancelike song for several solo voices. **polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin text other than the ordinary of the mass.

Which of the following statements regarding the Renaissance is not true?

Secular vocal music was written for groups of solo voices and for solo voice with instrumental accompaniment. Secular music contained more rapid changes of mood than sacred music. A wealth of dance music published during the sixteenth century has survived. **Much of the instrumental music composed during the Renaissance was intended for church use.

Much of the instrumental music composed during the Renaissance was intended for

the concert hall. religious worship. **dancing. the piano.

A cappella refers to

unaccompanied choral music. men taking their hats off in church. singing in a hushed manner. any form of music appropriate for church use.

The Council of Trent attacked the church music of the Renaissance because it

was tiresomely monophonic. was based on Gregorian chant. **used secular tunes, noisy instruments, and theatrical singing. All answers are correct.

In most lute songs, the lute accompaniment

is given equal prominence with the voice. **is subordinate to the voice. is more prominent than the voice. plays the same melody as the voice.

The texture of Renaissance music is chiefly

monophonic. homophonic. **polyphonic. heterophonic.

The movement in which the Catholic church sought to correct abuses and malpractices within its structure is known as

the Reformation. **the Counter-Reformation. Protestantism. the Inquisition.

The Renaissance may be described as an age of

curiosity and individualism. exploration and adventure. the "rebirth" of human creativity. **All answers are correct.

The intellectual movement called humanism

condemned any remnant of pagan antiquity. **focused on human life and its accomplishments. treated the Madonna as a childlike unearthly creature. focused on the afterlife in heaven and hell.

The Renaissance madrigal is a

polyphonic choral composition made up of five sections. **piece for several solo voices set to a short poem, usually about love. dancelike song for several solo voices. polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin text.

The dominant intellectual movement of the Renaissance was called

feudalism. **humanism. classicism. paganism.

The Renaissance madrigal began around 1520 in

England. France. **Italy. Flanders.

The _________ was the most popular instrument in the Renaissance home.

shawm regals sackbut **lute

Josquin Desprez spent much of his life in

**Italy. Spain. Germany. the Netherlands.

The early baroque was characterized by

elaborate counterpoint. **homophonic texture. development of the standardized orchestra. diffusion of the style into every corner of Europe.

All of the following were major baroque composers except

**Pierluigi da Palestrina. Claudio Monteverdi. Antonio Vivaldi. Arcangelo Corelli.

A major difference between a cantata and an oratorio is that an oratorio

is based on international dances. **is not intended for religious services. features solo singers. is based on biblical stories.

In the baroque era, dynamics consisted mainly of sudden alterations between loud and soft called

cantus firmus. **terraced dynamics. basso continuo. basso ostinato.

An ____________ is an orchestral composition performed before the curtain rises on a dramatic work.

**overture aria opera opening

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Most early baroque operas were based on Greek mythology and ancient history. **The members of the Florentine Camerata based their theories on actual dramatic music that had come down to them from the Greeks. The members of the Florentine Camerata wanted to create a new vocal style modeled on the music of ancient Greek tragedy. Polyphony was rejected by the members of the Florentine Camerata because different words sounding simultaneously would obscure the text.

Handel’s Messiah is an example of

**an oratorio. an opera. musical theater. a song.

Handel’s oratorios are usually based on

**the Old Testament. Greek mythology. the New Testament. Roman history.

____________ is a musical idea repeated over and over in the bass while melodies above it constantly change.

**Basso ostinato Basso profundo Basso continuo Thoroughbass

A baroque musical composition usually expresses ____________within the same movement.

**one basic mood a wide variety of moods constantly changing moods All answers are correct.

In the baroque period, the ordinary citizen’s opportunities for hearing music usually came from the

corner tavern. **church. concert hall. court.

A sonata to be played at court, and therefore dancelike in character, was called a,

sonata da camera. trio sonata. sonata da chiesa. tarantella.

A type of polyphonic composition based on one main theme is a

subject. concerto. episode. **fugue.

Oratorio differs from opera in that it has no

orchestral accompaniment. **acting, scenery, or costumes. choral part. vocal soloists.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

**The trio sonata usually involved three performers, two on high instruments and one on a bass line. The sonata da chiesa had a dignified character and was suitable for sacred performance. Sonatas were played in palaces, in homes, and even before, during, and after church services. The sonata originated in Italy but spread to Germany, England, and France during the seventeenth century.

In the middle ages, most important musicians were

**priests traveling entertainers peasants women

Gregorian Chant

**monophonic polyphonic homophonic no texture

The medieval jongleurs, important sources of information in a time when there were no newspapers, were

ranked on a high social level. **on the lowest social level. equal in rank to the troubadours and trouvères. welcomed by the nobility as distinguished guests.

An outstanding composer of the ars nova was

**Guillaume de Machaut. Perotin. Leonin. Pope Gregory I.

Gregorian chant consists of

one instrument playing alone. **melody sung without accompaniment. several voices singing in harmony. several instruments playing together.

Gregorian chant melodies tend to move

by leaps over a wide range of pitches. **stepwise within a narrow range of pitches. infrequently, remaining on a single tone for long stretches. only by perfect intervals.

Renaissance melodies are usually easy to sing because

there is a sharply defined beat. the music is mostly homophonic. the level of musicianship in the Renaissance was not very high. **the melody often moves along a scale with few large leaps

The development of the English madrigal can be traced to 1588 and considered a result of

the Spanish armada. a decree by Queen Elizabeth. the writings of Shakespeare. **the publication in London of a volume of translated Italian madrigals.

The two main forms of sacred Renaissance music are the mass and the

Kyrie. **motet. madrigal. cantata.

Lute songs are mostly __________ in texture.

monophonic polyphonic **homophonic imitative

A versatile plucked string instrument with a body shaped like half a pear, popular during the Renaissance, was the

**lute. recorder. viol. shawm.

he Lutheran chorale tunes

had been adapted from Catholic hymns. were composed in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. had been adapted from folk songs. **All answers are correct.

In their use of aria, duet, and recitative, Bach’s cantatas closely resembled the ____________ of the time.

suites **operas concertos sonatas

Which of the following about Vivaldi’s La Primavera (Spring) from The Four Seasons is true?

It was little known during his life. Louis XV, king of France, detested the piece and banned it from performance. **The piece is an example of program music. Was written with a famous Venetian librettist.

Speechlike melody accompanied only by a basso continuo is called

basso ostinato. accompanied recitative. **secco recitative. congregational singing.

The stage machinery of baroque opera

was very primitive. **bordered on the colossal. was nonexistent. replaced set designs.

The first and last movements of the concerto grosso are often in ____________ form.

theme and variations sonata **ritornello ternary

The early and late baroque periods differed in that composers in the late baroque

**favored polyphonic texture. favored homophonic texture. used extremely complex harmonies. favored purely instrumental music.

The first oratorios were based on

Greek mythology. contemporary literature. Greek and Roman literature. **stories from the Bible.

Monteverdi, an early baroque composer, strove to create music that was

difficult to perform. **passionate and dramatic. extremely complex. placid and smooth.

Vivaldi was famous and influential as a virtuoso

harpsichordist. opera singer. lutenist. **violinist.

Handel is associated with the __________ period.

late Renaissance early baroque **late baroque late Classical

We know from paintings and literary descriptions of the Middle Ages that

**instruments were used. trumpets and trombones were prominent. instruments were seldom used. large orchestras existed.

Medieval music that consists of Gregorian chant and one or more additional melodic lines is called

ars nova. **organum. cantus firmus. alleluia.

The highlight of the day for monks and nuns was

the service before sunrise. the service after sunset. the evening feast. **the mass.

Which of the following statements is not true of secular music in the Middle Ages?

Knights were able to gain great reputations as musical poets. **The medieval jongleurs, important sources of information in a time when there were no newspapers, were accordingly ranked on a high social level. Some 1,650 troubadour and trouvère melodies have been preserved. While the notation does not indicate rhythm, it is likely that many of the secular songs of the Middle Ages had a regular meter with a clearly defined beat.

In medieval times, most polyphonic music was created by

**placing new melodic lines against known chants. harmonizing melodies with chords. having some singers embellish the sermon during church services. adding orchestral instruments to church music.

The first large body of secular songs that survives in decipherable notation was composed by

priests and monks. **French nobles called troubadours and trouvères. wandering minstrels or jongleurs. professional dancers and singers.

Among other causes, secular music became more important than sacred music in the fourteenth century because

the literature of the time stressed earthly sensuality. rival popes claimed authority at the same time, thereby weakening the authority of the church. the feudal system had gone into decline. **All answers are correct.

Leonin and Perotin are notable because they

are the first important composers known by name. indicated definite time values and a clearly defined meter in their music. were the leaders of the school of Notre Dame. **All answers are correct.

The wandering minstrels, or jongleurs, of the Middle Ages

performed music and acrobatics in castles, taverns, and town squares. lived on the lowest level of society. played instrumental dances on harps, fiddles, and lutes. **All answers are correct.

The development of the English madrigal can be traced to 1588 and considered a result of

the Spanish armada. a decree by Queen Elizabeth. the writings of Shakespeare. **the publication in London of a volume of translated Italian madrigals.

Renaissance music sounds fuller than medieval music because

composers considered the harmonic effect of chords rather than superimposing one melody above another. the bass register is used for the first time. the typical choral piece has four, five, or six voice parts of nearly equal melodic interest. **All answers are correct.

During the Renaissance every educated person was expected to

read musical notation. play a musical instrument. be skilled in dance. **All answers are correct.

Which of the following is not a part of the Renaissance mass?

Agnus Dei Gloria Sanctus **Alleluia

An attempt was made to purify Catholic Church music as a result of the

protests of Martin Luther. **deliberations of the Council of Trent. complaints of Desiderius Erasmus. music of Palestrina.

Which of the following statements is not true of the Renaissance?

Education was considered a status symbol by aristocrats and the upper middle class. **The Catholic church was even more powerful in the Renaissance than during the Middle Ages. Every educated person was expected to be trained in music. Musical activity gradually shifted from the church to the court.

In Bach’s day, the Lutheran church service lasted about ____________ hour(s).

one two three **four

Baroque suites frequently begin with a

**French overture. gavotte. gigue. sarabande.

Bach was recognized as the most eminent ____________ of his day.

**organist composer violinist cellist

A sonata intended to be played in church, and therefore dignified and suitable for sacred performance, was called a

sonata da camera. trio sonata. **sonata da chiesa. basso ostinato.

____________ refers to a vocal line that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech.

Aria Profondo **Recitative Ensemble

Speechlike melody accompanied only by a basso continuo is called

basso ostinato. accompanied recitative. **secco recitative. congregational singing.

In their use of aria, duet, and recitative, Bach’s cantatas closely resembled the ____________ of the time.

suites **operas concertos sonatas

Congregational singing of chorales was an important way for people to

stay awake during long sermons. **participate directly in the service. learn new music. All answers are correct.

Bach created masterpieces in every baroque form except

**opera. concerto. fugue. sonata.

Castrati

received the highest fees of any musicians. combined the lung power of a man with the vocal range of a woman. were male singers who had been castrated before puberty. **All answers are correct.

Affections in baroque usage refers to

the nobility’s manner of deportment. the doctrine of universal brotherhood. terraced dynamics. **emotional states or moods of music.

Which of the following statements is not true of secular music in the Middle Ages?

Knights were able to gain great reputations as musical poets. **The medieval jongleurs, important sources of information in a time when there were no newspapers, were accordingly ranked on a high social level. Some 1,650 troubadour and trouvère melodies have been preserved. While the notation does not indicate rhythm, it is likely that many of the secular songs of the Middle Ages had a regular meter with a clearly defined beat.

An estampie is a medieval

**dance. stringed instrument. secular song form. song of worship.

One function of secular music in the late Middle Ages was to provide accompaniment for

monasteries. church services. **dancing. monks and nuns.

Which of the following statements is not true of Renaissance music?

The texture of Renaissance music is chiefly polyphonic. **Instrumental music became more important than vocal music during the Renaissance. The Renaissance period is sometimes called "the golden age" of a cappella choral music. Renaissance composers often used word painting, a musical representation of specific poetic images.

Besides the madrigal, the ________ was another type of secular music that enjoyed popularity during the Renaissance.

estampie motet **lute song galliard

Sets of dance-inspired instrumental movements are called

sonatas. concertos. **suites. cantatas.

The two giants of baroque composition were George Frideric Handel and

Johann Christian Bach. **Johann Sebastian Bach. Giovanni Gabrieli. Galileo Galilei.

Although all the movements of a baroque suite are in the same key, they differ in

meter. national origin. tempo. **All answers are correct.

The longest period of Johann Sebastian Bach’s professional life was spent as director of music at St. Thomas’s Church in

Rome. **Leipzig. Cöthen. Eisenach.

Baroque trio sonatas usually involve ____________ performers.

two three **four five

A concerto grosso most often has ____________ movement(s).

one two **three four