2. Recombinant DNA technology does not rely on which of the following enzymes? |
B. RNA methylase |
3. Which of the following is true about restriction endonucleases? |
C. Some make a blunt cut on the two DNA strands so that there are no single-strand regions and some make staggered cuts on the DNA so that single-strand ends are formed that can be used to insert foreign DNA cut with the same enzyme. |
4. When a eukaryotic gene is cloned into a bacterium, the advantage of a complementary DNA (cDNA) gene being used instead of fragments of genomic DNA is that |
B. the introns have been removed from the cDNA gene but not from the genomic fragment. |
5. Restriction endonucleases in bacteria may have evolved in order to |
B. protect the bacteria from infection by viruses. |
6. Cloning a gene involves all of the following except |
C. expression of the vector and the gene in a cell-free environment. |
7. An enzyme that cleaves internal phosphodiester bonds of a DNA molecule is a (n) |
B. endonuclease. |
8. Complementary DNA (cDNA) probes are produced using |
D. reverse transcriptase. |
9. A __________ is a DNA molecule used in hybridization reactions to detect the presence of a particular gene in separated DNA fragments. |
C. probe |
10. In order to express eukaryotic genes in a bacterium, the __________ must first be removed. |
A. introns |
11. Which of the following was first produced commercially using recombinant DNA technology? |
D. Human insulin. |
12. The enzyme reverse transcriptase was discovered by |
D. Temin and Baltimore. |
13. Restriction endonucleases were discovered by |
A. Arber and Smith. |
14. Restriction endonucleases are produced by |
B. bacteria. |
18. The three steps that take place in each cycle during PCR occur in which order? |
B. DNA denaturation, annealing, and synthesis. |
19. A PCR procedure that allows a determination of the amount of a particular DNA fragment that is present in a sample is called |
C. real-time PCR. |
20. The PCR method was developed by |
B. Mullis. |
21. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to produce __________ of copies in a few hours. |
D. billions |
22. Movement of charged molecules in an electrical field, which is used to separate nucleic acid fragments for recombinant DNA work, is called |
C. electrophoresis. |
23. Which of the following best describes the basis for separation of DNA fragments during agarose gel electrophoresis? |
D. The smallest fragments will migrate fastest. |
24. Which of the following is not true of cloning vectors? |
B. They contain at least two replication origins. |
25. Which of the following can be used as vectors for cloning DNA fragments? |
D. all of the choices. |
26. Plasmid cloning vector DNA is usually introduced into bacterial hosts by |
B. transformation. |
27. Plasmid vectors often contain __________ genes that can be used to screen for recombinants. |
B. antibiotic resistance |
28. A DNA molecule used to carry a foreign gene into a host organism is called a |
B. vector. |
29. Antibiotics incorporated into the culture medium can |
A. select against organisms that have not incorporated the plasmid. |
30. A (n) __________ vector is a plasmid that can be replicated in several different organisms because it has at least one origin of replication that will function in each host. |
A. shuttle |
31. ___________ is a bacterial plasmid vector. |
C. pUC19 |
32. Which of the following is not part of a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)? |
A. The F factor. |
33. Which of the following types of cloning vector can carry the largest amount of foreign DNA? |
A. bacterial artificial chromosome. |
45. A (n) __________ vector contains promoters that result in high-level transcription of the gene cloned within a multicloning site. |
C. expression |
47. The most frequently chosen prokaryotic host in cloning techniques is |
D. Escherichia coli. |
Micro Chapter 17
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