Medical Terminology Final

The upper chambers of the heart are called the:

atria

The lower chambers of the heart are called the:

ventricles

The valve located between the left atrium and ventricle is the:

bicuspid

the Pace-Maker is found in the right atria and is also called the:

S-A Node

The blood vessel that carries blood containing oxygen and nutrients away from the heart to the body tissues (except the lungs) is the

aorta

The combining forms angi/o- and vaso- all mean:

vessel

the combining forms that mean "vein" are

ven/o- and phleb/o-

The combining forms that mean "chest" are:

steth/o-, pectero-, and thoroco

The combining forms that mean "sound" are:

ech/o- and sono-

The suffix -graph in the term cardio/graph means:

instrument used to record

The diagnosis of Angina Pectoris literally means __________. The actual meaning is lack of blood flow to the large heart vessels in the chest.

vessel : chest

The term that means separation or removal is:

apheresis

The diagnostic term that means abnormal state of a slow heart rate is:

bradycardia

The diagnostic term Aortic Stenosis means:

narrowing of the aorta

The diagnostic term Coronary Isch/emia actually means:

deficient supply of blood to the crowning blood vessels of the heart

the diagnostic term that means hardening of the arteries is:

arterio/scler/o/sis

The literal meaning of the diagnostic term Cardio/myo/path/y is:

heart/muscle/disease/condition

The inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs is called:

congestive heart failure

The diagnostic term Ar/rhythmia means:

any variation from a normal heart rhythm or contraction

The diagnostic term used to refer to a dilated or varicose (twisted) internal and/or external vein in the rectum is:

hemorrh/oid

The diagnostic term for the ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall is:

aneurysm

The diagnostic term that means rapid, quivering, non-coordinated contractions of the atria and/or ventricles is:

fibrillation

The diagnostic term for distended or tortuous veins usually found in the lower extremities is:

varicose veins

The diagnostic term Cardiac Arrest is defined as a(n):

sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation

he diagnostic term for a type of cancer characterized by an abnormal increase in white blood cells is:

leuk/emia

The diagnostic term An/emia means:

decrease in normal RBC numbers, iron, or hemoglobin levels

The surgical term for the incision into a vein to remove blood, to give blood, or to give intravenous fluids is:

phleb/otomy

The surgical term Angi/o/rrhaphy means:

suturing of a vessel or to repair a vessel

The surgical term Angioplasty means:

surgical repair of a blood vessel

The surgical term for a procedure in which a balloon is passed through a blood vessel to the area in which plaque is formed is:

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

The surgical technique that brings a new blood supply to heart muscles by detouring around blocked athro/sclerotic coronary arteries is called a(n):

coronary artery bypass

The procedural phrase "Complete Blood Count – CBC" is defined as:

counting RBC, WBC, and Thrombocytes or Platelets

The procedural term for X-ray of the blood vessels after an injection of contrast medium dye is:

angiograph/y

The procedure for making a record of the structure and motion of the heart using sound waves is called:

echocardiography

A procedural bone marrow biopsy is referred to as:

stern/al puncture

Macro/phage literally means:

Large/eater

The device or instrument that is used to measure arterial blood pressure (pulse pressure) by hand is a:

sphygmo/mano/meter

The study that uses ultrasound to determine the velocity of the flow of blood within a vessel is:

Doppler Flow Studies

The medical term Cardiology means:

the science and study of the heart

The medical term that means body temperature below normal, 98.6 F., is: (Note: hypo-, sub-, and infra all can refer to less, below, or under)

hypo/thermia

The medical term that means removal of liquid from withdrawn blood is:

plasm/apheresis

The term that means one who studies and treats diseases of the blood is:

Hematolog/ist

The medical term Hemo/stasis literally means:

stoppage of bleeding or diminished blood flow

The medical term which means to puncture a vein in order to remove blood, instill medication, or start an intravenous infusion is:

veni/pucture

The medical term for the hearing of sounds within the body through a stethoscope is:

auscultation

Application of an electric shock to the myocardium through the chest wall to restore normal cardiac rhythm is called:

de/fibrill/ation

The medical term Sy/stole (together/contract) actually means:

cardiac cycle phase where chambers contract raising blood pressure

The phase in the cardiac cycle in which chambers relax between contractions is called:

diastole

Tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of the body part beneath is:

percussion

The medical term for the phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract is:

systole

the suffixes that mean ‘pain’ are:

-dynia and -algia

Cardiomyopathy is referred to as having a problem with _____________.

the heart muscle pumping blood

The medical term Hyper/tension means:

blood pressure that is above normal

An Em/bol/ism literally means:

state of a lump within

Poly/cyth/emia Vera (many/cells/blood: true) is the term for:

Erythrocytosis "RBC increases cause strokes, heart attacks, & clots"

A Pulmonary Infarction (lung: to stuff into) actually means:

lung blood flow blockage

. The term _________________ refers to the lack of development of normal numbers of RBC’s (Erythrocyte) in the blood.

A/plastic An/emia

A Macro/phage is referred to as a:

large eaters of foreign cells and materials

Hodgkin’s Disease is a type of:

Lymph/oma

Athero/sclerosis is a type of:

Arteriosclerosis

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) or Mitral Valve Incompetence (MVI) (valve between chambers on left side of the heart) is usually seen in:

women or females

An Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm is the _____________ of the big blood vessel in the posterior belly that often ruptures and causes death by hem/orrhag/ing.

ballooning

A Varico/cele is the __________ of the veins in the scrotum (male pouch).

twisting

The parasitic Protozoan Disease Trypano/som/iasis (carried by insects) is called Snail Fever, Chagas’ Disease, Tsetse Fly Disease, America Fever or:

Sleeping Sickness

Schisto/som/iasis in man is a type of a _____________ infestation.

Split Bodied Blood Fluke Worm

A Phlebo/tom/ist is a person who specializes in cutting or puncturing _____ to take blood samples.

veins

Coronary Thrombosis is also known as:

Acute Myocardial Infarction or Myocardial Infarction

The most important longitudinal heart study in the world is being conducted in what American City since 1946:

Framingham, Massachusetts

The leading Cardiac Risk Factors are:

smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, and hyper/cholesterol/emia

Tiny blood vessels in the back of the ________ are viewed with a Ophthalmo/scop/e to help diagnosis Arterio/sclerosis, Diabetes, Kidney Disease, and many other diseases.

eye

A Stethoscope is placed over the heart valves to listen to the:

Aortic Valve, Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves, Pulmonary Valve

The Sickle Cell Anemia (Sickle Cell Trait "Gene") includes the:

clumping of blood in vessels causing ischemia, infarction, and tissue necrosis, ischemia and lack of normal numbers of RBCs and flow to the body tissues, sickle shaped RBCs which cannot carry sufficient oxygen, and get stuck in capillaries

The terms Crenation, Poikilocytosis, and Anisocytosis all refer to:

cell shapes

The condition of Hodgkin’s Disease could also be known as:

Lymph Node Hyper/trophy Disease

The lymphoid tissues located behind the nasal cavity are called:

adenoids

Both food and air travel through the:

mouth and pharynx or throat

The double-sac membrane that covers each lung and lines the thoracic cavity is the:

pleura

The surgical term for the puncture of the chest cavity in order to aspirate fluid is called:

thoracocentesis

The medical term ‘hypoxemia’ means:

deficient oxygen in the blood

Pulmonary Endo/scop/y is best used to _____________ diseases of the Respiratory System.

view and diagnose

The term Ortho/dont/ist literally means:

straight/teeth/specialist

The term Eu/pnea actually means:

well, easy, true, normal, or good breathing

The term Dys/phasia means difficult or faulty:

speech or utterance

The term Trache/os/tom/y actually means:

creation of an artificial mouth-like opening in the throat and neck

The suffix ___________ is added to word part Pneumono-/________ to refer to the surgical procedure of puncturing the lung and aspirating fluids like blood, pus, & lymph. This procedure promotes easy breathing and cell oxygenation.

-centesis

The diagnostic term for pus in the pleural space in the chest is:

pyo/thorax

The diagnostic term for narrowing or contraction of the larynx or voice box is:

laryngospasm or laryngo/stenosis

A patient with diagnosis of blood in the chest has a:

hemo/thorax

The condition where the bronchi of the lungs are dilated outward is:

bronchi/ect/asis

When lung tissue swells as a result of distention and loss of elasticity in the alveoli, the condition is called:

emphysema "puffed up"

The diagnostic abbreviation for an infection of the nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea is:

upper respiratory infection "URI"

The diagnostic term that is also referred to as whooping cough is:

per/tussis

The diagnostic term for a chronic respiratory disease characterized by paroxysms of coughing, wheezing, panting with shortness of breath is:

asthma

Which birds are pigeon breeder’s lung primarily contracted from?

Pigeons and parakeets

A term that refers to food inhalation that blocks the airway:

aspiration

The term that means difficulty in speaking or making a sound is:

dys/phasic or dys/phonic

Lobar Pneumonia refers to a lung infection in:

one or more of the 5 lobes in the 2 lungs

The medical term Hypo/pnea actually means:

deficient rate and depth of breathing

the medical term that means containing both mucus and pus is:

muco/purulent

The medical term Nebuliz/er is defined as:

a device that creates a fine spray or mist

The medical term Chord/itis or Cord/itis actually means:

inflammation of the vocal cords

The medical term Emphysema literally means:

puffed up

The medical term asthma literally means:

panting

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an inherited exocrine gland disorder that causes thick secretions of ________________ to accumulate in the lungs

mucus and pus from respiratory infections

The medical term diphther/ia literally means:

membrane/refers

The medical term Pertussis actually refers to:

whooping cough and the bacteria Bordetella pertussis

The disease of Histoplasmosis or Darlings Disease is a _______________ infection caused by histoplasma capsulatum. Bird or cat feces is the source and the disease is characterized by fever, malaise, coughing, respiratory failure, and lymph/adeno/path/y. A major problem for pregnant women and their fetuses.

fungus or fungus spore

Globally, approximately ___________ people are infected with tuberculosis.

2 billion

he Schick Skin Test is used to detect _______________, which is caused by the bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Diptheria

The Mantoux Skin Test is used to diagnose:

Tuberculosis

Anthrax infections (Bacillus anthracis bacteria) are classified as infecting the

Pulmonary System "lungs", Digestive System "intestines", Cutaneous System "skin"

Bronchitis often progresses to a more severe lung condition called _____________________, which was the leading world killer around 1900 A.D.

Pneumonia

The Etiologic Agent (E.A.) or causative agent that is responsible for Anthrax is:

Bacillus anthracis

An Upper Respiratory Infection is referred to with the Abbreviation:

URI

Spiro/metry means to measure the breath and is used to evaluate:

lung capacity

The term Dys/lexia literally means difficult or faulty:

words

The term Dys/phonia actually means difficult or faulty:

sound or voice

The disease of Crypto/cocc/o/sis is a _______________that can infect the lungs, skin, brain (CNS), bones, and urinary tract causing death.

yeast-like budding fungus

The disease of Aspergill/osis (to sprinkle/condition) is a soil or dust fungus that causes granular lesion on or in any body organ. Prognosis is poor like most systemic fungal infections. It is treated with:

fungi/cidal drugs

The condition referred to as ________ is an acute viral infection that is usually seen in infants before 3 years of age (Y/O: years old). It occurs after an URI and causes vocal cord swelling, voice loss, hypoxia, & possible choking:

croup

Pneumonia can be caused by:

virus, fungus, bacteria

Emphysema causes shortness of breath and a(n):

Barreled Chest Look "Advanced Stages"

The incubation period for influenza is from ____ to ____ days.

1 to 3 days

Kerat/o/sis, Leuk/o/plakia, Tartar, Caries, Purpura, Fibr/oma, Ulcers, Gingiv/itis, Tonsill/itis, Adenoid/itis, Squamous Cell Carcin/oma, Catarrh (Coryza), Cleft Palate, Thrush, and Candid/i/asis are all conditions that are usually diagnosed with a(n) ______ exam by a Dentist or Medical Doctor.

oral

The coiled tubular structures arising from the dermis that excrete sweat are the:

sudoriferous glands

The outer layer of skin is called the:

epidermis

Melan/o/cytes in the stratum basale layer of the epidermis produce Melanin which is responsible for:

skin color

The layer of skin that is sometimes referred to as true skin is the:

dermis or cutis

The combining forms that mean "nail" are:

unguin/o- or onycho-

The combining forms cutane/o- (cutaneous), pel/o- (pellagra), -derm- (ep/iderm/is and dermat/itis) , and cut/i- (cut/icle) all mean:

skin

The term Nettles, Hives, or ______________ refers to a rash that may be characterized by wheals.

Urticaria

The compound diagnostic term "Dermato/myc/osis" actually means:

an extensive skin fungus condition, state of, or infection

The compound term "Sebo/aden/itis" literally means:

inflamed oil gland

The combining forms Hidr/o- and Sudero- both mean:

sweat

Dermato/plast/y literally means:

skin/surgical repair/process of

The suffix that means to view is:

-opsy

The suffix that means berry shaped is:

-coccus

Pediculosis Corpus is often spread by:

Sharing fabrics and combs

The diagnostic term that means localization of pus is:

abscess "tissue goes away"

The diagnostic term Hidr/aden/itis means:

inflammation of a sweat gland

The diagnostic term that means skin or tissue bruise is:

contusion

The term that means invasion into the skin and body hair by lice is:

pediculosis

The pre/cancerous skin condition that is characterized by horny and hard skin that was caused by excessive exposure to sunlight is:

actinic kerat/osis

The diagnostic term _____________ actually means tissue death or literally "an eating sore." This condition is usually caused by clostridium perfringens and/or poor blood supply.

gangrene

The diagnostic term that actually means the process of scraping away the skin by a mechanical process or injury is:

ab/ras/ion

A malignant neoplasmic skin condition that spreads to organs & lymph nodes, which is commonly associated with AIDS, diabetes, and lymphoma is:

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

The medical term that means berry-shaped bacteria in twisted chains is:

strepto/coccus

The medical term Cicatrix literally means:

scar

The medical term Nevus means:

mole or birthmark

If a patient has a decubitus ulcer, he or she has a(n):

pressure bedsore

The medical term that means Wart is:

verruca

The medical term Pruritus means:

severe itching

The medical term that means small, solid skin elevation is:

papule

The medical term which refers to a yellow or orange-yellow tinge to the skin that results from damaged liver cells is:

jaundice

The diagnostic term Acne Vulgaris literally means:

pointed and common

The procedural term Dermatoplasty includes ___________ surgery.

face lifts

The diagnostic term Seb/orrhea Dermat/itis is also known as:

dandruff

The diagnostic term Geriatric Alopecia actually means:

"old age" baldness "fox mange"

The disease term Anthrax literally means:

coal or carbuncle

The diagnostic term Cheil/itis literally means:

inflammation of the lip

The diagnostic term Curettage of a skin lesion literally means:

scooping

The diagnostic term Furuncle actually means ____________and is a staphylococcus infection of a hair follicle or hair gland:

boil

The diagnostic term Rubella (red) is also known as:

3 day measles

The diagnostic term Herpes literally means:

to creep

The diagnostic term Rubeola (AKA: German or 9 Day Measles) literally means:

red or redness

A diagnostic characteristic of oral Koplik Spots (next to the back Molars "grinders") is associated with

Rubeola – 9 day measles

The skin condition of Shingles is caused by the Herpes Zoster Virus. This virus also causes:

chickenpox

The disease Smallpox (AKA: as Variola Major or Minor) is caused by a highly contagious __________ and is characterized by prostration, a vesicular-pustular rash, and fever.

poxvirus

The diagnostic term Malignant Melanoma actually means:

a black tumor that is bad or cancerous

The diagnostic term Ichthy/osis actually means:

fish-like skin condition with scale-like tissue

The diagnostic term Hirsut/ism literally means:

the state of being hairy

The diagnostic term Squamous Cell Carcinoma actually means:

scaly crab-like cell tumors of the surface tissue

The diagnostic term Dehiscence actually means:

to gape open

The diagnostic term Helminth/iasis, Ascar/iasis and Vermicul/osis can refer to __________________ infections of the skin or the digestive system.

worm

The diagnostic term Onycho/myc/o/sis literally means:

nail/fungus/condition

The bacterial infection of the face that is referred to as ____________ is characterized by vesicles or sacs that rupture and form a golden crust.

Impetigo

The diagnostic term Dys/hidr/osis literally means:

condition of faulty sweating

The diagnostic term Scabies actually means:

itch mite saliva that causes severe itching

The diagnostic term Tinea Cruris (or crusis) actually means

jock itch

The diagnostic term for the fungal infection Candid/iasis literally means:

glowing white/condition

The diagnostic term __________refers to red skin caused by an increase in RBCs near the surface of the skin. This proliferative bone marrow condition can cause clots, strokes, heart attacks, vertigo, weakness, tinnitus, extremity pain, and an enlarged spleen cause by excess RBC breakdown.

Poly/cyth/emia Vera

The skin condition of Ringworm is actually caused by a:

fungus

The diagnostic term Cutaneous Ulcer literally means:

skin sore

The diagnostic term Thrush is usually a fungus infection of the

throat or vagina

the diagnostic term Sclero/derma is actually an Auto-Immune reactionary dis/ease like:

Rheumatoid Arthritis

The diagnostic term Lyme is associated with a town in ________.

Connecticut

The diagnostic term Xero/derma literally means:

dry/skin

The diagnostic term Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is caused by a Rickettsial (small bacteria) organism that is carried by a:

tick

The diagnostic term __________ literally means "to itch" and this chronic skin condition causes red patches with dry, thick, silvery scales.

Psoriasis

A skin Lacer/ation literally means:

the process of tearing

Tinea Cruris is more commonly called:

jock itch

Helminth/ic Diseases can attack multiple body systems including the integumentary, digestive, and nervous systems. They are caused by Meta/zoa Parasitic Worms called:

Tapeworms, Roundworms, Flukeworms

The term De/fec/ation literally means:

process of feces or stool away

Cimex lectularius is also known as:

bed bugs

The physiologic (function) term De/glutition literally means:

to swallow away or down

the terms Masticat/ion and Mand/ible actually mean:

process of chewing and chewer

The term Tinea Pedis actually means

Athletes Foot

Skin blushing, _________, or redness is usually caused by an increase in blood flow, oxy/hemoglobin, fever, inflammation, trauma "wound", and alcohol.

erythema

The skin color variation of Pall/or is actually a __________________, which usually accompanies blood loss, various types of anemia, or shock.

decrease in skin color

The skin color variation of ___________ represents an increase in tissue bili/rubin from RBC destruction or liver cell destruction (hepat/itis). This color is best seen in the sclera of the eye, body membranes, and skin.

yellow-orange

The relative speed with which the skin resumes its normal appearance after being stretched or compressed is called__________. It represents the amount of water in the tissues or hydration. This process is slower in seniors.

turgor

Chloasma or melasma patches do NOT appear on which part of the face?

eyes

The 2nd portion (5′ long) of small intestine that means to empty is the:

jejunum

The organ that produces bile is the:

liver

The lining of the structures in the abdominal and pelvic cavities is the:

peritoneum

The ring of muscles found in opening between stomach and duodenum is the:

pyloric sphincter

The tube that extends from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach and means gullet is the:

eso/phagus

The combining forms os-, or/o-, and stomato- all mean:

mouth

the combining form that means "small intestines" is:

enter/o-

The combining form that means "rectum (straight) and anus (ring)" is:

proct/o-

The combining form for small growth is:

polyp/o-

The diagnostic term that means inflammation of the stomach, intestines, and colon is

gastroenterocolitis

The diagnostic term that means abnormal condition of having diverticula (out-pouchings) in the colon is:

deverticul/o/sis

the diagnostic term gingivitis means:

inflammation of the gums

The diagnostic term chole/lith/iasis means:

condition of gallstones

The diagnostic term that means prolapse of the rectum is:

procto/ptosis

The diagnostic term gastro/enter/itis means:

inflammation of the stomach and intestinal track

The diagnostic term for chronic inflammation of the small and/or large intestines, characterized by cobblestone ulcerations along the intestinal wall and the formation of scar tissue, is:

Crohn’s Disease

The diagnostic term for the abnormal growing together of two surfaces normally separated is:

adhesion

The diagnostic term ulcerative colitis means:

inflammation of the colon with sores

The diagnostic term for a disorder characterized by prolonged refusal to eat is:

anorexia nervosa

The diagnostic term for a chronic disease of the liver characterized by the gradual destruction of liver cells is:

cirrhosis

The surgical term that means crushing a stone in the common bile duct is:

choledocholith/otripsy

the surgical term cheil/orrhaphy means:

suture of the lips

the surgical term that means incision in to the abdominal wall is:

lapar/otomy

The surgical term that means suture of the tongue is:

glossorrhaphy

The procedural term for X-ray filming of the gallbladder is:

chole/cysto/graphy

The procedural term that means visual examination of the rectum is

proctoscopy

The term Endoscopic Gastroscop/e is defined as a(n):

instrument used for visual examination of the stomach

The procedural term meaning visual examination within a hollow organ is:

endoscopy

The term Proctoscope means:

instrument used for visual examination of the rectum

The procedural phrase for a barium enema with X-rays is:

lower GI Series

The procedural term for a series of X-ray films taken of the stomach & duodenum after barium has been swallowed is:

Upper GI Series

The medical term Brady/pepsia means:

slow digestion

The medical term Dysphagia means:

difficult swallowing or eating

The medical term a/pepsia means:

without digestion

The medical term that means physician who specializes in proctology is:

proctologist

The medical term gastro/dynia means:

pain in the stomach

The medical term Peritoneal literally means:

one who holds lower viscera

The term for abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is:

ascites

The medical term that means washing out the stomach is:

gastric lavage

The term Di/gest/ion literally means:

the process of/two/separations

The physi/ology (science of function or nature) term Peristalsis literally means:

to contract/around

The anatomical term Incis/or literally means:

one who cuts in

The diagnostic term Stomat/itis means:

inflammation of the mouth

The diagnostic term Pyloric Stenosis actually means:

condition of narrowing the gate keeper

The anatomical term Gastric Rugae literally means:

stomach folds

The diagnostic term Peptic Ulcer literally means:

digestive : sore

Hepatitis A, B, and C are caused by a:

virus

Hepatitis A is also known as:

Infectious Hepatitis

Hepatitis B is also known as:

Serum Hepatitis

Hepatitis "___" may be dormant in the body for years before the Signs and Symptoms appear.

C

The diagnostic term Dental Caries literally means:

refers to tooth cavities

The word parts dento- and donto- both mean:

tooth

The diagnostic term Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease can also refer to:

heart burn

The diagnostic term Reflux literally means:

to flow again

The diagnostic term Tartar refers to dental:

plaque

The diagnostic term Coloscopy refers to viewing and examining the:

Large intestine

The diagnostic term Colo/scop/e literally means:

instrument to view the big or large intestine

The diagnostic term Colo/scop/y literally means:

procedure of viewing and examining the large intestine

The diagnostic term Diverticulosis actually means:

condition of out pouching in the colons rugae or fold

The nutritional physiology term Bolus literally means:

ball or lump

The nutritional physiology term Chyme literally means:

juice

The inflammatory characteristics seen during a Upper GI Examination include:

rubor, tumor, calor, and dolor

The medical abbreviation for the Gastrointestinal System (mouth to anus):

GI

The medical term Enema literally means:

to inject

the diagnostic term Dys/phag/ia literally means:

refers to difficult or faulty swallowing

the diagnostic term Dys/phonia actually means:

refers to faulty speaking or speech

The diagnostic term "A/phasia" literally means:

without speech

The diagnostic term bulim/ia literally means ____________.

refers to/hungry

The diagnostic term Anorexia Nervosa literally means:

without appetite: caused by a nervous condition

The diagnostic term Hyper/cholesterol/emia is a blood condition with a cholesterol level above ____ mg per dcl (milligrams per deciliter) in a 20 Y/O.

230

The diagnostic term Crohn’s Disease is also known as:

chronic regional ileitis

The diagnostic term Acute Appendicitis actually means:

sudden inflammation of the appendage attached to the cecum

The diagnostic term Dys/entery literally means:

faulty, difficult, and painful intestines

The anatomical word part colo- or colono- refers to the big intestine. The word part _______ can refer to the small intestine or both intestines.

entero-

The alimentary (to nourish) canal is approximately _____ feet long in adults.

30

The diagnostic term Abdominal Hernia refers to:

a rupture or protrusion through the abdominal wall belly enlargement

The anatomical term Alimentary literally means:

to nourish

The diagnostic term Amebic (Amoeba) Dysentery refers to:

diarrhea and dehydration caused by the Amebic one cell organism

The physiological (function) importance of the digestive system is to:

break foods down into small ingredients to nourish the body cells

The diagnostic term Beri/beri refers to ________________ and is caused by the lack of thiamine (part of B Complex: B-1) in the diet.

body weakness

The diagnostic term Pell/agra refers to _________ and is caused by the lack of niacin or niacinamide in the diet.

skin/rough

the diagnostic term Scurvy literally means __________ and is the lack of Vitamin C in the diet.

to scratch

The diagnostic term Fistula refers to a:

pipe stem like tube or passageway

The diagnostic term Atresia refers to:

closure of an opening

The diagnostic term Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) refers to:

painful intestines

The diagnostic reference of Differential Diagnosis (D.D.) refers to:

determining the difference between 2 or more similar health problems

The diagnostic term Hiatal Hernia refers to:

rupturing or protrusion of the stomach up through the diaphragm

The anatomical term Sphincter literally means:

to bind together

The diagnostic term Pyloric Stenosis refers to the narrowing of the lower end of the _____________ and can lead to regular vomiting in infants.

stomach

. The diagnostic term Volvulus usually refers to _________of the ileum or the colon

twisting

Typhus literally means:

stupor

A Cysto/scopic Exam refers to ‘looking at’ the ________:

urinary bladder inspection

Cholera is commonly referred to as _______________ . It can lead to dehydration, vomiting, muscle cramps, and death. It is caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae.

super diarrhea

The process of forming urine begins in the:

glomeruli capsule

The tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder are the:

ureters

The muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine is the:

urinary bladder

The organ whose functions are to remove waste products from the blood and aid in maintaining water and acid base balance in the body is the:

kidney

The root word nephr/o- in its combining form means:

kidney

The prefix dia- literally and actually means:

across, through, complete, or total

The suffix that means nourishment or development is:

-trophy

the suffix that means drooping, sagging or prolapsed (kidney) is:

-ptosis

The suffix that means the loosening, dissolution, breakdown, or separation of (fluids or tissue) is:

-lysis

The diagnostic term Nephro/dexto/ptosis actually means:

drooping kidney to the right

The diagnostic term Ur/emia means:

condition of urine in the blood

The diagnostic term that means inflamed kidney and renal pelvis:

pyelonephritis

The diagnostic term that means kidney tumor or swelling:

nephroma

The diagnostic term for a congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis is:

epispadias

The surgical term Lithotripsy means:

surgical crushing of a stone

The surgical term that means surgical fixation or repositioning of the kidney is:

nephr/o/pexy

A ureterostomy (or urostomy for short): ______________.

is a surgically created opening in the ureter, redirects the ureter to the outside of the body, bypasses the bladder

The diagnostic term ‘cystoscopy’ literally means:

procedure to view and examine the bladder

The diagnostic term "Polycystic Kidney Disease – PKD" refers to the kidney having multiple ____________ causing renal (refers to kidney) failure.

sacs or blister

The diagnostic term "Stag Horn Calculus" refers to _________.

deer antler shape – kidney stone

The diagnostic term "In-continence" literally means _________ and is seen with the lack of control of the bladder or the rectum.

not contained

The test that measures the amount of urea in the blood is called the:

BUN Test

A person with Hyper/dipsia has:

excessive thirst

The procedural technique in which X-rays are taken to show an organ or tissue at a particular depth is called:

Tomo/graphy

A Pyelo/gram is an X-ray of:

the renal pelvis

A wide surgical incision of the abdomen to detect disease is called a(n):

staging laparotomy

The procedural term Nephro/graph/y actually means:

process of X-ray filming the kidney

The term Cysto/scop/y means:

procedural visual examination of the bladder

The medical term that means Scanty or Slight Urination is:

olig/uria

The medical term Py/uria means:

pus in the urine

the medical term hemat/uria means:

blood in the urine

The medical term glycos/uria means:

sugar in the urine

The medical term that means destruction of living tissue with an electric spark is also known as (AKA):

fulguration

The medical term for a procedure (literally means-to let down into) that uses a flexible tube-like device to withdraw or instill fluids is:

catheterization

The term Di/uretic literally means double urine and actually means:

agent that increases the amount of urine

The term Enuresis actually means:

bedwetting or involuntary urination

The medical term Mictur/ition actually and literally means:

the process of urinating or voiding urine

The diagnostic term Hydro/nephr/o/sis actually means:

condition of water backing up into kidney

The diagnostic term Pyelo/nephr/itis literally means:

an inflammation of the kidney and kidney pelvis

The name of the structure that contains arteries, veins, lymphatics, nerves, ductus deferens, and suspends the testes in the scrotum is the:

spermatic cord

The male secretory structures that produce a fluid necessary for adequate sperm motility after ejaculation are called the:

seminal vesicles and prostate gland

The combining forms that mean "Abdomen or Belly" are:

celi/o-, lapar/o-, and abdomen/o-

The diagnostic term "_________" is the backward movement of urine from the bladder into the ureter or from the ureter into the kidney.

urinary reflux

The term "Glomerulonephritis" is an inflamed function unit of the kidney (Bowman’s capsule structures) and is classified as _________.

acute, chronic or subacute

The diagnostic term that means State of Undescended Testes is:

cryptorchidism

The diagnostic term that actually means "lack of a male erection or the ability to copulate (diminished blood flow into penile caverns)" is:

im/potence – no power

The term that means twisted (enlarged & distorted) spermatic cord veins and is diagnosed by palpating worm-like veins is called:

varicocele

The surgical term that actually means male sterilization is:

vasectomy

A sexually transmitted infection characterized by gum-like lesions (gummas) appearing in the tertiary stage is called:

syphilis

The surgical sterilization procedure that is regularly used to render an individual unable to produce offspring is called:

vasectomy in males and tubal ligation in women

The diagnostic term Mastectomy literally means:

breast/out/cut/procedure

The diagnostic term that means painful menstrual discharge is:

dys/men/o/rrhea

The diagnostic term "A/men/o/rrhea" actually means:

absence of or a lack of a monthly menstrual flow

The term that means inflamed female pelvic structures and organs is:

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease – P.I.D.

The surgical term that means excision of the uterus is:

hyster/ectomy

The new cell formed by the union of the spermatozoon and the ovum is the

zygote "to join – Greek"

The development of an individual from conception through pregnancy is:

gestation "to bear"

An unborn child from approximately the third month of pregnancy to birth is referred to as a:

fetus "young"

The term gravida usually means ________, but literally means_________:

pregnant and heavy

the term Multi/cyesis literally means:

many or multiple/pregnancy

The combining word part forms "nat/o- and toci-" literally means:

birth

The combining forms that mean "milk" are:

lact/o- and galacto-

The combining form parto- that is used in the term partur/ition literally means:

to give birth/process of

The combining form fet/o- actually means:

unborn child

Which of the following is not considered to be a sexually-transmitted infection?

Aspergillosis

Who was Syphilis?

A fictional shepherd boy

The diagnostic term that means pregnancy occurring outside the uterus is:

ec/topic

the diagnostic term that means abnormally low implantation of the placenta on the uterine wall is:

placenta previa

The diagnostic term for a congenital condition characterized by varying degrees of intellectual disability and multiple physical defects is:

Down’s syndrome

the term for a congenital defect of the vertebral column caused by the failure of the vertebral arch to fuse is:

spina bifida

What is used to examine the cervix and vaginal walls?

speculum

The procedural term for the incision into the perineum at the end of the 2nd stage of labor to avoid laceration (tearing) is ____.

Episi/o/tom/y

The term Hystero/salpingo/graphy (HSG) refers to a procedure used to diagnose certain problems of the _______ and _______. HSG is most often used to determine the possibility of a female becoming pregnant.

uterus and uterine tubes

The medical term Lact/o/rrhea or Galact/o/rrhea actually means:

spontaneous discharge of milk from the breast

If a baby was born with Gon/orrhea, it is:

congenital

The medical term dys/men/o/rrhea actually means:

difficult and painful monthly flow

Parturition in which the feet, arms, or buttock emerge first is called:

breech birth

The surgical procedure for a Tubal Ligation in women is similar to a ________________in men.

vasectomy

The diagnostic term Ectopic Pregnancy actually means:

eembryo is attached to the female usually outside of uterus

The diagnostic term Hydro/cele in males literally means:

water like fluid build-up in the scrotal sac

The diagnostic term Balan/itis actually means:

inflamed glans penis or glans clitoris

The STI term, clap, refers to this reproductive system infection.

gonorrhea

Signs of AIDS include:

Weight loss, oral lesions and lymphadenopathy

Smegma literally means _________. It can cause an irritation & inflammation of the glans penis or glans clitoris (Balan/itis).

soap

Trichomon/iasis is caused by a ___________ that causes a mal/odorous frothy yellow to green discharge, itching (pruritus), and burning

protozoan parasite with a tail

Non-Specific Urethr/itis actually means an inflammation of the urethral canal that is caused by:

multiple possible etiologic agents

Which of these is not a common location of scabies rashes?

thighs, wrists, between fingers

Genital Warts can include:

Papilloma "nipple-like raised warts", Molluscum contagiosum "soft flat warts", Verruca acuminata "rough, vulgar or common, warts"

The term Herpes literally means to creep and it can cause diseases like Chickenpox, Shingles, Herpes Simplex I (Oral Herpes), and Herpes Simplex II (___________________).

genital herpes

The Condylomata acuminata (common genital warts) are contagious STIs usually on the anus, vulva, penis, thighs, and/or perineum. The lesions usually are moist, soft, red or pink, and can be:

cauliflower-like, solitary and pedunculated "pedicle", knuckle-like or nipple-like

Speculum is used in female pelvic exams to expand the walls of the:

vagina

The diagnostic term that actually means a human with a very large head is _______________. The etiology is usually the retention of CSF in the brain ventricles, causing outward skull plate pressure and an enlarged skull.

macro/cephalus or hydro/cephalus

The diagnostic term placenta previa (cake: first or early) actually means:

low implantation & possible miscarriage

The diagnostic term abruptio placentae actually means:

premature separation of cake

The _____________ Endocrine Gland is referred to as the Master Gland (of the body) because it secretes multiple hormones that influence multiple body function.

pituitary

The name of the Pituitary Hormone that is essential to the growth, development and continued function of the adrenal cortex is:

adreno/cortico/trophic hormone – ACTH SYN: Corticotropin

The Pituitary Hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during female labor is:

oxytocin

The pituitary lobe that secretes Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH), Growth Hormone (GH), and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is called the:

anterior lobe

The _______________ pituitary lobe stores and releases Anti/di/uret/ic Hormone (ADH) and Oxy/tocin.

posterior

The Thyroid Hormone that regulates carbohydrate metabolism is:

thyroxin or thyroxine

Located in front of the lower voice box and the upper trachea (rough), the ___________ Gland is the largest endocrine gland and is shaped like a shield.

thyroid

The four small dime size glands that lie directly upon and behind the Thyroid Gland are the _____________ Glands. They secrete para/thormone that is responsible for regulating body calcium usage.

parathyroid

the endocrine glands located above each kidney (divided into 2 portions called the medulla "marrow-like" and the cortex "bark-like") are the:

adrenal glands

The name of the hormone that helps to maintain the level of calcium in the blood and is produced by the four Parathyroid Glands is:

parathormone

The hormone that plays an important role in the control of blood sugar levels and controls hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic body responses is:

insulin from the beta cells of the Isles of Langerhans in the pancreas

The hormone that helps the body deal with stress is:

epinephrine

The compound term "Poly/dips/ia" literally means:

much/thirst/refers to

The combining forms that mean "poison" are:

toxic/o-, viro-, or septo-

The term Hypo/glyc/emia literally means:

low or below/sugar levels/blood

The prefixes e-, ec-, ect-, ecto-, ex-, and exo- all mean:

out or outside

The diagnostic term for the state of excessive thyroxin production, which causes high sugar use levels and hyperactivity is:

hyperthyroidism

The medical term Endo/crin/olog/ist actually means:

specialist in the science and study of glands of internal secretion (into the blood stream)

The diagnostic term for a chronic disease caused by under activity of the Islets of Langerhans (Beta Cells) in the pancreas is:

Diabetes Mellitus – sweet or sugar excess – Type I and II

A "EEG" is used to record information about _____ electrical activity.

brain

The condition resulting in muscle spasms (poor nerve communications) due to an abnormally low concentration of calcium in the blood is:

tetany

The medical diagnostic term Syn/drome actually means:

set of signs and symptoms that run together

The medical term for the sum total of all the chemical processes that take place in a living organism is _______________. It literally and actually means – the state of/changing/a lump (of food).

metabolism

he term given to substances secreted by Endo/crine (within blood/secrete) Glands that means to urge on is:

hormone

The lack of _____________ can cause premature aging.

human growth hormone

Dia/betes literally means:

through/passing

Graves’ Disease is also known as:

Hyperthyroidism

Dwarf/ism (irregular proportioned and "shortness/state") is often seen with Pro/geria (before/old or aged). The probable cause is heredity factors or the lack of pituitary _______ production that leads to complete premature aging.

HGH

the inability to sleep is often caused by the lack of the Pineal Gland to secrete:

melatonin

The Parathyroid Gland produces Para/thormone, which regulate body calcium blood levels and prevents:

tetany or muscle spasms

How many hormones does the pituitary gland secrete in men?

6

The anterior part of the pituitary gland secretes which hormones?

Luteiniz/ing, Growth, Thyroid Stimulating and Adrenocorticotrophic

Ulcers are commonly seen in people with:

diabetes

The hormone _____ increases in the blood to a level that causes LH to be released from the anterior pituitary.

estrogen

A "EKG or ECG" is used to record information about _____ electrical activity.

heart