Mastering Biology – Ch 52

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What are the two major factors determining the distribution of terrestrial biomes?

temperature and rainfall

Which of these biomes is characterized by little rainfall?

desert

Which of these is the largest terrestrial biome on Earth?

coniferous forest

Which biome is characterized by an extensive canopy that allows little light to penetrate to the ground and by the presence of epiphytes?

tropical rain forest

Which biome is characterized by the prescence of permafrost?

tundra

Which action influences the abiotic components of an organism’s environment?

water pollution

Which aspects of a region’s climate have the most impact on plants and animals?

temperature and moisture

True or False? Weather is defined as the prevailing long-term atmospheric conditions in a particular region.

FALSE!!!!! Climate is defined as the prevailing LONG-TERM weather conditions in a particular region. Weather is defined as the SHORT-TERM atmospheric conditions of temp, sunlight, moisture, and wind.

Which of the following statements about Hadley cells is true?

As warm air rises, air at the top of the atmosphere is pushed poleward and cools. *** This cool air causes the cooler climates away from the equator.

Which location on Earth receives the MOST SOLAR RADIATION per unit area?

Equator

What are rain shadows?

Dry regions on the LEEWARD side of mountain ranges.

Which desert is caused by a Hadley cell?

Sahara Desert in Africa

Which is the most inclusive level of organization in nature?

biosphere

Which of the following causes Earth’s seasons?

Earth’s tilt on its axis

Which of the following investigations is an example of the study of an abiotic factor?

investigating how the amount of annual precipitation affects the distribution of a tree species

In most cases, the two major climatic factors affecting the distribution of organisms in terrestrial ecosystems are _____

water and temp

What is a biome?

a major type of ecosystem; a biome is a type of community with certain abiotic environmental conditions

Which of the biomes – tundra, coniferous forest, temperate broadleaf forest, temperate grassland, savanna, chaparral, desert, tropical rainforest – requires periodic fires to maintain their existence?

savanna, chaparral, temperate grassland, and coniferous forest *fire prevents the replacement of dominant species

trans

across

eu

true, good

logy

study of

aqua

water

macro

large

a- or an-

without, lack of, not

micro

small

eco

house, household

phyte

plant

bio

life

de

from, out of, remove

prim

first

zoo

animal

oligo

few

vor

eat

hydro

water

sub

under, below

herb

grass

carn

flesh

omni

all

troph

food, nourishment

photo

light

intra

within

para

alongside

inter

between

hetero

other

auto

self

ultra

beyond

therm

heat

cide

killer

Which of the following areas of study focuses on the exchange of energy, organisms, and materials between ecosystems?

landscape ecology

Which of the following biomes is correctly paired with the description of its climate?

tropical forests – nearly constant day length and temp

Which of the following is characteristic of most terrestrial biomes?

vegetation demonstrating vertical layering

The oceans affect the biosphere in all of the following ways EXCEPT

regulating the pH of freshwater biomes and terrestrial groundwater

When climbing a moutain, we can observe transitions in biological communities that area analogous to the changes

in biomes at different latitudes

WHAT IF? If the direction of Earth’s rotation reversed, the most predictable effect would be

winds blowing from west to east along the equator

In ecological terms, disturbance is an event such as a storm, fire, or human activity that changes a community, removing organisms and altering resource availability. Which of the following statements about the effects of disturbance is correct?

Disturbances can create patches of different habitats in a community

Which statement accurately describes the potential effects of disturbances on species diversity?

Many species are well adapted to survive periodic disturbances

Which two factors influence the distribution of organisms?

temperature and rainfall

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