Leukemia |
Blood Cancer |
Lymphoma |
Lymph node cancer |
Sarcoma |
epithial cell cancer |
Melenoma |
cancer of the melanin producing cells |
carcinoma |
involves supportive tissue such as bone and muscle |
sickle cell anemia |
A hereditary condition characterized by abnormal sickle shape of erythrocytes and by hemolysis |
aplastic anemia |
failure of blood cell production due to aplasia of bone marrow cells |
Thalassemia |
inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin |
Eosinophil |
white blood cell with reddish granules; numbers increase in allergic reactions |
fibrin |
protein threads that form the basis of a clot |
electrophoresis |
method of separating out plasma proteins by electrical charge |
antigens |
foreign material that invades the body |
bilirubin |
pigment produced from hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed |
hematopoietic stem cell |
an undifferentiated blood cell is called a |
heparin |
anticoagulant found in the blood |
poikilocytosis |
a disorder of red blood cell morphology |
neutropenia |
deficiency in numbers of white blood cells |
erythroblast |
immature red blood cell |
myeloid |
derived from bone marrow |
hemolysis |
breakdown of reipient’s red blood cells when incompatible bloods are mixed |
iron deficiency anemia |
sideropenia occurs causing deficient production of hemoglobin |
hemolytic anemia |
reduction in red blood cells due to excessive cell destruction |
aplastic anemia |
failure of blood cell production due to absence of formation of cells in the bone marrow |
thalassemia |
inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin |
pernicious anemia |
lack of mature red blood cells due to inability to absorb vitamin b12 into the body |
hemochromatosis |
excessive deposits of iron throughout the body |
acute lymphocytic leukemia |
symptoms a pallor, shortness of breath, infection, bleeding gums, predominance of immature and abnormally functioning leukocytes, and low numbers of mature neurophils in a young child may indicate a likely diagnosis of |
hemophilia |
excessice bleeding caused by congenital lack foactor vIII or IX |
coagulation time |
venous blood is clotted in a test tube |
hematocrit |
sample of blood is spun in a test tube so that red blood cells fall to the bottom and percentage of RBC’s is taken |
red blood cell morphology |
blood smear is examined to determine the shape or form of cells |
white blood cell differntial |
leukocytes are stained and counted under a microscope to see numbers of mature and immature forms |
erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
venous blood is collected; anticoagulant added and the distance cells fall in a period of time is determined |
albumin |
blood preotein that maintains the proper proportion and concentration of water in blood |
immunoglobulins |
IgM, IgC, IgA, IgD, IgE |
relapse |
symptoms of disease return |
palliative |
relieving symptoms, but not curing disease |
erythrocyte |
red blood cell |
monocyte |
white blood cell; phagtocyte and precursor of a macrophage |
platelet |
thrombocyte |
lymphocyte |
bone marrow cell; gives rise to many types of blood cells |
hematopoietic stem cell |
leukocyte formed in lymph tissue; produces antibodies |
eosinophils |
leukocyte with dense, reddish granules; associated with allergic reactions |
neutrophil |
leukocyte formed in bone marrow and having neutral-staining granules |
basophil |
leukocyte whose granules have an affinity for basic stain; releases histamine and heparin |
plasma |
liquid protion of blood |
erythropoietin |
hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate erythrocyte production in bone marrow |
globulins |
proteins in plasma; cen be seperated into alpha, beta, and gamma types |
albumin |
plasma protein that maintains the proper amount of water in the blood |
antibody |
proteins made by lymphocytes in response to antigens in the blood |
poikilocytosis |
irregularity in shape |
erythrocytopenia |
deficiency in numbers |
hychroma |
reduction of hemoglobin |
microcytosis |
increase in numbers of small cells |
polycythemia vera |
erythremia |
macrocytosis |
increase in numbers of large cells |
erythropoiesis |
formation of red cells |
hemolysis |
destruction of red cells |
palliative |
relieving, but not curing |
pancytopenia |
deficiency of all blood cells |
eosinophilia |
increase in numbers of granulocytes; seen in allergic condition |
relapse |
symptoms of disease return |
purpura |
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages; blood accumulates under the skin |
apheresis |
speration of blood into its components |
remission |
symptoms of disease disappear |
thrombocytosis |
abnormal condition of blood clotting |
differentiation |
change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization |
megakaryocyte |
platelet precursor found in bone marrow |
albumin |
protein found in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in blood |
sideropenia |
deficiency of iron |
myeloblast |
immature bone marrow cell that developes into a white blood cell |
neutropenia |
deficiency of a type of white blood cell |
fibrin |
protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot |
hemoglobin |
blood protein found in red blood cells |
serum |
plasma minus clotting proteins and cells |
poikilocytosis |
condition of cells of unequal size |
anisocytosis |
condition of cells of unequal size |
anticoagulation |
a substance that prevents clotting of blood |
hemolysis |
brerakdown of recipient’s red blood cells when incompatible bloods are mixed |
plateletpheresis |
serparation of clotting cells from the rest of the blood(using centrifuge) |
erythropoiesis |
formation of red blood cells |
White Blood Cells diferentiation |
determines the numbers of different types of leukocytes |
Red blood cells morphology |
determines the shape or form of erythrocytes |
hematocrit |
percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood |
dyscrasia |
any abnormal or pathological condition of the blood |
thalassemia |
inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin |
purpura |
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages; thrombocytopenia |
polycythemia vera |
erythremia |
hemophilia |
excess bleeding caused by the lack of factor VIII or IX |
acute lymphocytic leukemia |
lymphoblasts preodominate on the blood; most often seen in children |
multiple myeloma |
malignant tumor of the bone marrow |
coagulation time |
time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube |
bone marrow biopsy |
small amount of bone marrow is aspirated and examined under a microscope |
palliative |
relieving pain but not curing an illness |
pernicious anemia |
lack of mature erythrocytes owing to inability to absorb vitamin B12 |
hemoglobin test |
total amount of blood protein is measured in a sample of blood |
relapse |
symptoms of disease return |
remission |
symptoms of disease disappear |
erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
speed at which red blood cells settle out of plasma |
myeloma |
malignant neoplasm of bone marrow |
erythropoeisis |
condition of forming red blood cells |
billirubin |
pigment produced from hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed |
fibronogen |
plasma protein that convert into fibrin in the clotting process |
platlet |
clotting cell |
poikilocytosis |
irregularity in shape of red blood cells |
leukopheresis |
seperating white blood cells from the blood |
heparin |
anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells |
electropheresis |
method of seperating serum |
bilirubin |
orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die |
colony-stimulating factor |
protein that stimulates the growth and proliferation of white blood cells |
albumin |
protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood |
bosophil |
granulocytic white blood cell; granules turn blue with basic stain |
coagulation |
blood clotting |
antigen |
substance that stimulates the production of antibodies |
differentiation |
change in structure and function of a cell as it matures;specialization |
antibody |
protein produced by lymphocytes in response to antigens |
electrophoresis |
method of seperating serum proteins by electrical charge |
eosinophil |
granulocytic white blood cell associated with allergic reactions; granules turn red with acidic stain |
coagul/o |
clotting |
cyt/o |
cell |
erythr/o |
red |
hem/o |
blood |
kary/o |
nucleus |
leuk/o |
white |
myel/o |
bone marrow |
morph/o |
shape, form |
neutr/o |
neutral |
sider/o |
iron |
phag/o |
eat, swallowing |
thromb/o |
clot |
-apheresis |
removal |
-blast |
immature cell |
-cytosis |
abnormal condition of cells |
-emia |
blood condition |
-globin |
protein |
-lytic |
pertaining to destruction |
-penia |
deficiency |
-phage |
eat, swallow |
-phoresis |
carry, transmission |
-poiesis |
formation |
-stasis |
stop, control |
-oid |
derived from |
anti- |
against |
hypo- |
below, deficient |
macro- |
large |
mega- |
large |
micro- |
small |
mono- |
one |
pan- |
all |
poly- |
many |
LOM chapter 13
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