The axial skeleton includes all of the following except the ________. |
vertebral column pectoral and pelvic girdles bony thorax skull |
In the fetus, ________. |
c) the head is proportionally larger than the body page 136 |
These are the cheek bones of the face. |
b) zygomatics page 128 |
This is a passageway for blood vessels and nerves. |
d) foramen page 127 |
Locate parts of a thoracic cage |
Page 135 |
What is the name of the first cervical vertebra? |
Atlas The atlas is essentially a ring of bone. Its structure is highly specialized to articulate with the skull. |
What is the name of the second cervical vertebra? |
Axis C2 is known as the axis. It has a bony projection called the odontoid process that articulates with C1. C1 can pivot around C2, allowing us to rotate our head/shake head "no". |
Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes". |
Occipital bone – atlas The padlike occipital condyles found on both sides of foramen magnum sit on top of the plate like superior articular processes of the atlas, forming the atlanto-occipital joint. The articular surfaces permit nodding of the head in a "yes" motion (flexion and extension). |
Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no". |
Atlas – axis The prominent projection known as dens on the axis forms a pivot joint with the atlas, allowing the atlas to rotate around the axis. The axis is a very sensible name for C2 since it serves as a central axis for rotation of the atlas. |
Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas. |
Occipital condyles The occipital condyles found on both sides of foramen magnum sit on top of the atlas, forming the atlanto-occipital joint. |
Look at Iten 7 – Label spinal column |
Page 133 |
Identify the major weight bearing part of a vertebra. |
Body The disk shaped bodies of vertebrae are stable and stackable. Most weight is distributed in this region. |
Name the vertebral projection found in a median plane. |
Spinous process The spinous process extends posteriorly in a median plane. It serves as a site of muscle and ligament attachment. |
Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it. |
Inferior articular processes The inferior articular processes contact the superior articular process of the vertebra below it, forming a moveable synovial joint. |
Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen? |
Intervertebral discs The intervertebral discs are located in between the vertebral bodies. They form a symphysis with the bodies and act as a shock absorber. |
Identify a lateral projection of a vertebra. |
Transverse process The transverse processes of a vertebra project laterally from the junction of the lamina and pedicle. |
________ are the telescoping tubes of matrix (concentric lamellae) with their central canals that form a large part of compact bone. |
Osteons |
Which of the following bone markings helps form joints? |
head |
Label the Axial Skeleton |
Page 121 |
The midline suture marking the articulation of the two parietal bones is called the ________ suture. |
sagittal |
Locate the type of bones in the body |
page 110 example: long bone – femur flat bone – sternum irregular bone – vertebra sesamoid bone – patella short bone – heel |
How many pairs of ribs are there? |
12 |
An example of a sesamoid bone is the ________. |
patella |
Vertebrae belong to this category of bones. |
irregular |
Which of the fetal cranial bones may appear to be two bones in the fetus? |
frontal |
The cranial bones that house the organs of hearing are the ________ bones. |
temporal |
Locate parts of the axial skeleton on a fetal skeleton |
page 137 |
In adults, some of the single bones are made of several fused bones. In the fetus, such bones may not yet be fully fused (ossified). These bones include the ________. |
sternum |
Label the bones that form the orbit |
page 128 |
The transverse processes of vertebrae point ________, while the spinous process points ________. |
laterally, posteriorly page 132 |
The skeleton is constructed of two types of tissue, ________. |
bone and cartilage |
Fontanels are ________. |
fibrous membranes in a fetal skull |
Bones of the skeleton are connected at junctions called ________. |
articulations |
Label the bones of the skull, anterior view |
page 125 |
Which bone(s) might be absent in the fetus? |
patella |
Label parts of the skull, right side |
page 121 |
This is the most common type of skeletal cartilage. |
hyaline page 108 |
Bones are somewhat flexible due to ________. |
collagen fibers in the matrix page 111 |
Label the upper body skeletal system |
page 108 |
The epiphyses of long bones are ________. |
filled with spongy bone page 110 |
The ________ is a median posterior projection arising at the junction of two laminae of the vertebral body. |
spinous process page 133 |
Label microscopic structure of compact bone |
page 113 |
The diaphysis of a long bone is covered by ________. |
periosteum page 111 |
The foramen magnum is located in which bone of the skull? |
occipital |
Lab 3 Homework-Practice Quiz
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