HW-CH20

Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________ that trap bacteria and particulate matter.

tonsillar crypts
lymphoid follicles
germinal centers
tonsillar corpuscles

tonsillar crypts

The thymus is most active during ________.

fetal development
childhood
old age
middle age

childhood

Which of the following is NOT a method that maintains lymph flow?

capillary smooth muscle contraction
valves in lymph vessel walls
skeletal muscle contraction
breathing

capillary smooth muscle contraction

Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue.

Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.
T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances.
Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently.
Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood.

Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue

Which of the following is NOT a function of lymph nodes?

produce lymph fluid and cerebrospinal fluid
serve as antigen surveillance areas
act as lymph filters and activate the immune system
produce lymphoid cells and house granular WBCs

produce lymph fluid and cerebrospinal fluid

Peyer’s patches are found in the distal portion of the ________.

esophagus
large intestine
small intestine
stomach

small intestine

The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________.

pharyngeal tonsils
lingual tonsils
palatine tonsils
Peyer’s tonsils

lingual tonsils

Lymph transport involves all of the following EXCEPT ________.

smooth muscle contraction in the lymph capillary walls
lymph capillary minivalve action
milking action of active muscle fibers
thorax pressure changes during breathing

smooth muscle contraction in the lymph capillary walls

Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) ________.

thymus
appendix
tonsil
Peyer’s patch

tonsil

Lymphatic ________ are formed from the union of the largest collecting lymphatic vessels.

capillaries
trunks
nodes
ducts

trunks

About 3 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24 hours and are returned to the bloodstream as lymph.

True

If even a small part of the spleen is left in a ten-year-old child, it will most likely regenerate itself.

True

When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries develop openings that permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells.

True

Which lymphoid organ atrophies as we age?

tonsils
appendix
thymus
spleen

thymus

Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________.

efferent lymphatic vessels
the subcapsular sinus
afferent lymphatic vessels
the cortical sinus

efferent lymphatic vessels

Lymphatic capillaries are present in ________.

CNS
digestive organs
bone marrow
bones and teeth

digestive organs

Which of the following would NOT be classified as a lymphoid organ?

spleen
Peyer’s patches of the intestine
pancreas
tonsils

pancreas

Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins.

True

What is a bubo?

a wall in a lymph node
an infected lymph node
an infected Peyer’s patch
a lobe of the spleen

an infected lymph node

Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?

lymph nodes
lymphatic vessels
lymph
erythrocytes

erythrocytes

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues include all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Peyer’s patches
palatine tonsils
islets of Langerhans
lingual tonsils

islets of Langerhans

Large clusters of lymph nodes occur in all of the following locations EXCEPT the ________.

axillary region
lower extremities
inguinal region
cervical region

lower extremities

Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries.

True

Which of the following does NOT contain a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue?

tonsil
thymus
Peyer’s patch
appendix

thymus

The lymphatic capillaries function to absorb the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream.

True

Chyle is delivered to the blood via the lymphatic system.

True

Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to other parts of the body.

True

Lymphoid tissue is mainly reticular connective tissue.

True

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

draining excess interstitial fluid
carrying out immune responses
transporting dietary fats
transporting respiratory gases

transporting respiratory gases

Which lymphatic structure drains lymph from the right upper limb and the right side of the head and thorax?

right lymphatic duct
lumbar trunk
thoracic duct
cisterna chyli

right lymphatic duct

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the spleen?

Clusters of white pulp look like islands in a sea of red pulp.
Red pulp is where immune functions take place.
The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ.
The splenic artery and vein enter and exit the spleen at the hilum.

Red pulp is where immune functions take place

Peyer’s patches are clusters of lymphoid tissue found primarily in the large intestine.

False

The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the lumbar trunks draining the upper limbs and from the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs.

False

Select the correct statement about lymph transport.

Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling.
Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.
Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins.
Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits.

Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

Which of the following is considered a primary lymphoid organ?

spleen
appendix
thymus
tonsils

thymus

Flow of lymph through a lymph node is slowed due to ________.

mini-valves
fewer efferent vessels draining it compared to many afferent vessels feeding it
the presence of lymphocytes and macrophages
the viscous nature of lymph

fewer efferent vessels draining it compared to many afferent vessels feeding it

Which of the following statements regarding the thymus is FALSE?

It has follicles similar to those in the spleen.
It does not directly fight antigens.
It functions strictly in T lymphocyte maturation.
Its stroma consists of epithelial tissue.

It has follicles similar to those in the spleen.

Small secondary lymphoid organs, which cluster along lymphatic vessels, are termed ________.

lymph nodes
lymph follicles
lymphatics
lacteals

lymph nodes

Because lymph vessels are very low-pressure conduits, movements of adjacent tissues are important in propelling lymph through the lymphatics.

True

Lymphocytes can develop and mature in the ________.

spleen
tonsils
red bone marrow
lymph nodes

red bone marrow

The blood testis barrier is to newly formed sperm cells as the blood thymus barrier is to ________.

mast cells
T lymphocyte precursors
plasma cells
white pulp

T lymphocyte precursors

Which cells are the main "warriors" of the immune system?

lymphocytes
macrophages
basophils
monocytes

lymphocytes

Like blood, lymph flows both to and from the heart.

False

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not DIRECTLY fight antigens.

True

In the spleen, red pulp is involved in the immune functions and white pulp is involved in disposing of worn-out RBCs.

False

Functions of the spleen include all of those below EXCEPT ________.

forming crypts that trap bacteria
removal of old or defective blood cells from the blood
storage of blood platelets
storage of iron

forming crypts that trap bacteria

There are more efferent lymphatic vessels leaving a lymph node than there are afferent vessels entering a lymph node.

False

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Antibodies mark antigens for destruction.
T lymphocytes originate from the red bone marrow.
Only lymph nodes filter lymph.
The thymus consists mainly of lymphoid tissue.

The thymus consists mainly of lymphoid tissue

Select the correct statement about lymphocytes.

The two main types are T cells and macrophages.
T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue.
T cells are the precursors of B cells.
B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.

B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.

The most important of the secondary lymphoid organs in the body are the lymph nodes.

True

The lymphatic capillaries are ________.

completely impermeable
as permeable as blood capillaries
less permeable than blood capillaries
more permeable than blood capillaries

more permeable than blood capillaries

From the right leg, lymph moves in which order?

right lumbar trunk, right lymphatic duct, right subclavian vein
right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, right subclavian vein
right lumbar trunk, right lymphatic duct, left subclavian vein
right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein

right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein

The most important role of the spleen is to provide a site for lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response.

False

Lymph capillary permeability is due to minivalves and protein filaments.

True

Which of the following is NOT a normal component of lymph?

ions
red blood cells
plasma proteins
water

red blood cells

Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by ________.

T lymphocytes
plasma cells
medullary cords
lymph nodes

plasma cells

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does NOT ________.

have a cortex and medulla
have lymphocytes
produce hormones
directly fight antigens

directly fight antigens

When the lymphatic structures of a limb are blocked due to tumors, the result is ________.

increased pressure in the lymphatics proximal in the limb to the blockage
abnormally high lymph drainage from the distal region
severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb
shrinkage of tissues distal in the limb to the blockage due to inadequate delivery of lymph

severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb