Global Patterns of Biodiversity

________ are birds of taiga like habitats that feed almost exclusively on pine seeds and often have irruptive flights

Crossbills

Taiga occurs in South America as well as Canada and Russia

False

Marmosets and Tamarins occur in

South America

Trees in the Taiga are often pyramid shaped as an adaptation for

shedding snow

The main tree in Old Growth forests of the Pacific Northwest is not the Giant Seqouia

true

The species in the group platyrrhini are

New World monkeys

North American grasslands once supported ______ Buffalo

60 millon

Crassulacean acid metabolism is a type of photosynthesis seen in many ___ plants

Desert

The so-called Thorny Devil is a lizard indigenous to

Austrialia

Bower Birds are found in

Austrialia

The Old Growth forests of the Pacific Northwest have evolved in conjunction with

An orographic effect

Seasonality is an important characteristic of the ______biome

Temperate forest

The varied thrush is a species found in the most understory of

Old Growth

The main characteristic of deserts is low rainfall

True

Northern Spotted Owls feed chiefly on

Wood rats

The main characteristic of deserts is high temperatures

False

Vast areas of the steppe in the old Soviet Union were plowed under to raise ____ and irrigated with water from the Aral Sea.

Cotton

Matorral is a sub-biome of Western Africa

False

Scientists at the ____ reported that Woodcock were declining due to forest maturation throughout the Eastern Deciduous Forest

Ruffed Grouse Society

The Maned Wolf is a predator of grasslands in

South America

The Great Sandy Desert is

Australia

Biomes are basicially a product of latitude and

Elevation

Myrmecophagous mammals are those that eat chiefly

Ants and termites

Many bird species that nest in the temperate forest are considered neotropical migrants

True

Prehensile tails are typical of _____ monkey

Larger New World

Janet Larsen of the Earth Policy Institute wrote that in the 50 years up to 2002,______ had lost about 40% of its forest cover.

Indonesia

Most woodpeckers have feet with ____ toes.

4

The species in the group catarrhini are

Old World Monkeys

The Australian tropics are home to _____ species of monkeys

0

Of the following only the _____ are true arboreal foliovoes

Sloths

______ are insectivorous mammals with very high metabolic rates that are found in Eastern Deciduous Forest of North America

Shrews

The White-headed Woodpecker is a highly adapted species that lives only in Old Growth Forests of the Pacific Northwest

false

______ wrote a book on communities of lizards in deserts around the world

Eric Pianka

Janet Larsen of the Earth Policy Institute wrote that in the year 2000, the US imported as much as $330 million in logs taken illegally from Indonesia

True

Temperate forests do not have a very high diversity of _____ species

Lizard

New World and Old World Monkeys have been isolated since the _____ epoch

Eocene

_____ is a process that occurs in a temperate forest following a fire or some other form of natural deforestation

Secondary succession

The _______ is the basic form of photosynthesis

Calvin cycle

Hornbills are found in

Old World Tropics

The ____ appears to be a species that is declining due to protection of forests from succession

Rufous-sided Towhee

_______ are sea ducks of the high arctic that are adapted for diving and feeding on invertebrates

Eiders

______ are arboreal foliovores of the Australian temperate forests

Koalas

The ____ are desert adapted rodents that live mostly in Africa

Jerboas

Switch grass is typical of ____ prairie.

Midgrass

_____ are tiny pore in the leaves of vascular plants

Stomata

Notofagus is a common tree genus in temperate forests of

South America

According to a book by Baldasarre, Bolen, and Sayre, a female Snow Goose can lose up to _% of her body masss during the nesting cycle

40

The ___ are thought to represent the world’s most primitive living rodent

Mountain Beaver

Old and New World monkeys differ especially int he structure of the

Nose

Harris reported that about _% of the vertebrates of Old Growth forests were reptiles and amphibians

12

The so-called Fynbos occurs in

South Africa

The so-called climax vegetation refers to the ____ in an anrea

Original vegetation

The invention of ___ around 1870 ha a major effect on land use patterns in the Great Plains

Barbed wire

The Three-toed Woodpecker inhabits the ____ biome.

Taiga

Most woodpeckers have feet with _ toes

4

________ are the main prey of Polar Bears

Seals

The _____ monkeys of the New World are arboreal foliovores

Howler

The Moloch is lizard that bears a close resemblance to _______ in North America

Horned lizards

"Liming" is a stop-gap measure to protect lakes form the effects of _____

Acid rain

As described in the Biome Reference chapter North American grasslands fall into ____ board zones.

3

The ______ are birds of Old World deserts that fly long distances to soak up water in their belly feathers to transport to their young

Sand grouse

______ are a species that is causing widespread destruction of habitat in the Tundra

Snow geese

As an example of convergent evolution Ichthyosaurus resemble _____

Sharks

Across the Tundra the annual rainfall averages ______ per year

<25 cm

The Desert biome lies about ___ degrees north and south of the eqautor

30

Desert plants in Africa in the family Gramminaceae have converged with North American species of Cactaceae

False

___ species of conifers grow to heights in excess of 200 feet in the Old Growth forests

10

Historically, grasslands in ____ are especially rich in large grazing herbivore species

Africa

Richard Yahner of Pennsylvania State University wrote a book that classified Eastern Deciduous forests into ______ categories

4

Australia currently supports wild population of one-humped camels that numbers around

100,000

The _____ monkeys of the Old World are arboreal foliovores

Colobus

The African pygmy elephant appears to be morphologically similar to the _____ of South America

Capybara

Zoogeographic regions are based on

Evolutionary history

_____ are Australian mammals that feed almost exclusively on termites

Numbats

_____ are extensions on the trunk of some tropical trees that supports them in shallow soils

Buttresses

Desert scrub and thorn forest are two sub-biomes you would encounter in

Western Mexico

Game birds of the Taiga typically have ___ feathers as an adaption for absorbing sunlight

Dark-colored

The wettest spot on Earth is in a tropical forest

On an island

Although extinct in the wild in the 1970s the Arabian Oryx has been re-introduced to the nation of

Oman

Acid rain is a threat that has particularly affected _____ in North America

Temperate forests

The Flinthills of Kansas support a vast native ____ prairie

Tall grass

The ______ is an example of a cold Desert

Gobi

Badgers are a predator that preys on

Ground squirrels

______ is an example of a tall grass species

Gama grass

Professor Larry Harris who wrote a classic book entitled " The Fragmented Forest" was a professor at the University of Florda

True

Goannas were gigantic ______ that once roamed Australia

Lizards

As an adaption to reflect sunlight the Arabian Oryx has

Pale fur

Shrew-moles are a characteristic species of

Old growth forests

Historically, grasslands in _____ have the fewest species of large grazing herbivores

South Amerca

Because winters are so long in the Taiga there are very few biting insects in summer

False

The so-called Dust Bowl of the early twentieth century was the result of

Poor farming practices

The main tree in temperate forests of Australia are evergreens

True

The top predator in Siberian Taiga is the

Siberian Tiger

The _____ is a weasel like Taiga animal that feeds on Porcupines

Fisher

Sonoma and Red Tree voles live only

South of the Columbia River