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A ____________ fault has little or no vertical movements of the two blocks. |
strike slip |
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In a ____________ fault, the hanging wall block move up with respect to the footwall block. |
reverse |
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In thrust faulting, ____________. |
the crust is shortened and thickened |
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A graben is characterized by ____________. |
a hanging wall block that has moved down between two normal faults |
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The mountains and valleys of the Basin and Range Province of western United States formed in response to ____________. |
tensional stresses and normal-fault movements |
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In a normal fault ____________. |
the hanging wall block above an inclined fault plane moves downward relative to the other block |
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A transform fault is ____________. |
a strike-slip fault that forms the boundary between tectonic plates |
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Brittle deformation would be favored over plastic deformation in which of the following conditions? |
cooler temperatures |
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A thrust fault is best described as ____________. |
a low-angle, reverse fault |
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A horst is ____________. |
an uplifted block bounded by two normal faults |
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A syncline is ____________. |
a fold in which the strata dip toward the axis |
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The Black Hills of South Dakota are a good example of a(n) __________. |
dome |
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Large circular downwarped structures are called __________. |
basins |
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Which of the following combinations should favor folding rather than faulting? |
high temperature and high confining pressure |
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Tensional forces normally cause which one of the following? |
normal faults |
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The ____________ in California is the boundary between the North American and Pacific plates. |
. San Andreas strike-slip fault |
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A(n) ____________ is a thick accumulation of sediments and small, tectonic blocks formed of material scraped off a descending, lithospheric plate. |
accretionary-wedge complex |
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The Sierra Nevada, CA, and Teton, WY ranges are examples of ____________. |
fault blocks uplifted by late Tertiary to Quaternary normal faulting |
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A good example of a present-day passive continental margin is the … |
east coast of North America. |
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The __________ are a geologically old mountain range folded and deformed during the Paleozoic. |
Appalachians in the eastern United States |
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The term __________ refers specifically to geologic mountain building. |
orogenesis |
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Which one of the following is an example of an isostatic movement? |
Uplift of areas recently covered by thick, continental ice sheets. |
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Folded limestones that occur high in the Himalayas were originally deposited as sediments in a … |
marine basin between India and Eurasia. |
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The concept that rocks of the crust and upper mantle are floating in gravitational balance is known as __________. |
isostasy. |
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Which one of the following stress situations results in folding of flat-flying, sedimentary strata? |
Horizontally directed, compressive stress |
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