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some ______________ can be disolved in and transported by moving water as the ________________ |
chemically soluble ions, dissolved load |
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Fine partices, such as ________, can be carried as part of the ____________ |
mud, suspended load |
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Some ____________ can be picked up and carried by bouncing along the stream bed, the process of __________ |
sand grains, saltation |
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Most _________________ generally move by rolling or sliding, a process called _________ |
cobbles and boulders, traction |
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A delta forms when |
a river slows and deposits sediment as it enters a lake or sea |
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The force beind a river’s flow is |
gravity |
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The amount of water flowing through a channel over a given amount of time is called its |
discharge |
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A hydrograph shows |
the change in a river’s discharge over time |
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What is a drainage divide? |
a ridge or high ground seperating one drainage basin from another |
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The size of clasts that a stream can carry is primarily controlled by |
the velocity and turbulence of the current |
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Bedrock and sediment in a stream is most susceptible to erosion if it is |
located in a turbulent part of the river |
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Which of the following sediment sizes is likely to be transported mostly on the bottom of the stream bed? |
pebbled and cobbles |
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Which of the following is true about transport of sediment in a stream? |
Sand can be transported in a series of bounces along the stream bed. |
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Which of the following is a condition favoring deposition of sediment? |
a decrease in gradient of the stream |
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Which particles of sediment are most likely to be transported as suspended load? |
small, low density particles |
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Which of the following is the correct relationship between stream velocity and sediment load? |
as velocity increases, so does the stream’s capacity to carry a larger load |
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The amount of sediment carried by a stream is the |
sediment load |
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What is the type of stream transportation by a series of short leaps or bounces off the bottom of the streambed? |
saltation |
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Deposition in a bedrock channels occurs along river banks and behind obstacles as |
water velocity decreases |
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In mountain streams that are steep with high stream velocities, which pattern of erosion is the most common? |
channel bed is eroded faster than the channel sides |
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The cross-sectional area of the channel of a stream or river is calculated by |
multiplying the channel’s width by its average depth |
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The volume of water flowing through any part of a river per unit time is calculated by |
multiplying the velocity by the cross-sectional area of the river |
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Which of the following can influence a stream’s profile? |
a rise in sea level, a fall in sea level, tectonics |
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Which of the following is unlikely to cause deposition of sediment along a stream |
a drop in sea level |
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Which of the following is true about the base level of a stream? |
Most streams have lower gradient close to their base level |
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Which of the following is NOT a common site for deposition of sediment |
cutbank |
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The lowest level to which a stream can erode is its |
base level |
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Sinuosity refers to |
the amount that a river or stream channel curves in a given length |
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Which of the following features are generally NOT associated with mountain streams and rivers? |
meanders |
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How is an alluvial fan formed? |
sediment is depostied by debris flows and streams that decrease in velocity along the mountain front |
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If a stream-cut canyon is deep and naroow, which of the following is most likely to be true? |
downcutting is occuring faster than widening |
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Which of the following is true about levees? |
a levee can trap water on the floodplain after the flood has subsided |
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What is a floodplain? |
A broad strip of land built up by sedimentation on either side of a stream channel. Covered with water during a flood. |
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Which of the following is the main reason that a delta forms when a stream flows into a lake or sea |
the velocity of the stream decreases |
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What are some effects of building a dam? |
the reservoir (lake) traps sediment that over time fills up part of the reservoir |
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Which of the following can have a significant effect on a river |
rises and drops in sea level, tectonics, types of bedrock in the river, changes in clime |
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