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What is a tropical cyclone? |
a low-pressure disturbance that develops over warm, tropical waters |
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Where are tropical cyclones found? |
lower and middle latitudes |
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Which of the following names mean "tropical cyclone"? |
hurricane monsoon typhoon |
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Why is heavy rain associated with hurricane formation? |
Rising, moist air cools. As air cools, water condenses and eventually falls. |
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Why is warm, moist air considered the "fuel" for a hurricane? |
Air cools as it rises. As air cools, water vapor will condense out as liquid water. Condensation releases heat, providing energy to the hurricane. |
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How big can the diameter of a hurricane become? |
500 Miles |
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The location that experiences the greatest number of thunderstorms in a given year is in |
East Africa, north of Lake Victoria./central South America |
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Which of the following temperature and humidity conditions are most likely to be experienced in eastern Iowa after the cold front passes? |
cold and dry |
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In the eastern Pacific of the Northern Hemisphere, which ocean temperatures are associated with the most hurricanes? |
… |
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Which of the following associations between hurricanes—also known as typhoons and cyclones—and wind direction is most accurate? |
an east-to-west movement of hurricanes and easterly winds in the western Atlantic between 10° and 20° degrees north latitude |
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Which of the following statements best describes the general relationship between ocean currents and hurricanes? |
Warm ocean currents and hurricane paths both broadly move from east to west between 10° and 20° degrees north latitude in the eastern Pacific. |
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Why does occlusion occur in a midlatitude cyclone? |
… |
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What are midlatitude cyclones |
Migrating low-pressure cells that move in the band of the westerlies |
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What happens when air masses of different temperatures meet? |
Well-defined boundaries form between the air masses. |
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What is occlusion in a midlatitude cyclone? |
Occlusion is the process by which a cold front overtakes a warm front. |
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Which of the following statements about movement in midlatitude cyclones are accurate? |
Surface winds move counterclockwise. The entire cyclone moves from west to east.The cold front advances faster than the center of the storm, and the warm front advances more slowly than the center. |
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When do midlatitude cyclones stop producing storms? |
When the cold front has completely taken over the warm front |
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Storm tracks across the United States and Canada generally |
shift to the south in winter, and toward the north in summer. |
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Which of the following is false regarding wave-cyclone development, intensification, and strengthening? |
A midlatitude cyclone, from birth to maturity to dissolution, takes an average of a month. |
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Occlusion in a midlatitude wave cyclone can occur because |
cold fronts travel more quickly than warm fronts. |
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Which of the following is a typical feature of midlatitude cyclones |
… |
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Which of the following is true of the occluded stage of a midlatitude cyclone |
It occurs when the cold front overruns the slower moving warm front. |
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Midlatitude cyclones are |
also called wave cyclones |
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Which stage of a thunderstorm is characterized by a strong updraft and finally ice crystals, snow, and raindrops in the top of the cloud |
Cumulus stage |
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What is the likely cause if a day of light, steady precipitation is followed by a rise in temperature |
A warm front has passed |
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In the United States, during which months are tornadoes most likely to develop |
May and June |
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What causes the most hurricane-related fatalities |
Flooding |
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What cloud conditions are associated with a warm front |
Clouds grow lower and thicker with slow, steady precipitation before the front reaches the area. |
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What are the cloud conditions associated with a cold front |
Scattered cumulonimbus clouds bring rain, lightening, thunder, and possibly hail |
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What surface winds are associated with the passage of a middle latitude cyclone in the United States? |
Winds that blow inward and counter clockwise |
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The pressure is falling as the sky becomes overcast and precipitation begins. As the winds shift from easterly to northerly, the clouds grow thicker and the precipitation becomes heavier. The rain continues for several days, and the pressure slowly begins to rise as winds shift to the northwest. |
The center of a middle latitude cyclone has passed to the south of the area. |
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What occurs during the occluded front phase of a middle latitude cyclone? |
It dries and cools the air, causing dissipation of the system. |
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What is the likely cause if a thunderstorm is occurring and the temperatures are dropping sharply |
A cold front has just passed. |
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What causes the development of the downdrafts of a thunderstorm? |
Falling precipitation |
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Which stage of a middle latitude cyclone involves a disturbance along the polar front that initiates convergence |
Cyclogenesis |
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Which statement describes the conditions of a tornado watch |
the air is sufficiently unstable for a tornado to touch down |
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In which of the following locations are tropical cyclones least likely to occur? |
Peru |
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What name is given to strong straight-line winds |
Derecho |
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How does the barometer react with the passage of the center of a middle latitude cyclone over an area |
The barometer falls and then rises |
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What is the foundation for the Enhanced Fujita Scale |
Gust speed and damage type |
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What leads to the development of occluded fronts |
The fact the cold fronts move faster than warm fronts |
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What is the likely scenario if a friend living 60 miles or 100 km north of you complains of the cold, wet, rainy week, and your weather has been hot and muggy with clear skies during this period? |
The friend is under a stationary front, and you are on the warm side. |
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What is indicated by backing winds |
A middle latitude cyclone has passed with the center to the south. |
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Slow, steady precipitation is followed by warming with the wind shifting from easterly to southerly. Then, the skies clear, and later, a thunderstorm occurs. The temperature drops while the winds shift to westerly. |
The center of a middle latitude cyclone has passed to the north of the area. |
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What feeds tornadoes and hurricanes |
Latent heat of condensationI |
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If a lightning flash is seen and three seconds later the thunder is heard, how far away was the lightning |
One kilometer |
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What results from the buildup of electrical energy and polarity between parts of a cumulonimbus cloud or between the cloud and the surface? |
Lightening |
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The area is experiencing air mass weather generated by an air mass designated as mT air. |
A warm front has passed. |
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What is the basis of the Saffir-Simpson Scale |
Wind scale |
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