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Privacy |
must be respected if we are to function as complete, self-governing agents |
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The right to privacy of employees |
may conflict with an organization’s legitimate interests |
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When it comes to obtaining information about employees, a key concept is |
informed consent |
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Polygraph tests |
are impossible to beat when properly administered |
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The one key questionable premise underlying personality tests is |
that all individuals can usefully and validly be placed into a relatively small number of categories of personality types and character traits |
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Used properly, personality tests serve two purposes in the work place. Which of the following is one of those purposes? |
Personality tests help screen applicants for jobs by indicating areas of adequacy and inadequacy |
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Which statement has the proper perspective about the testing of employees by a business? |
drug testing can only be defensible when it is really pertinent to employee performance and when there is a lot at stake |
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Which of the following is an true statement about the information gained from polygraph tests? |
not only should the organization have job-related grounds for using the polygraph, but these must be compelling enough to justify violating the individuals privacy and psychic freedom |
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Many major employers routinely monitor the performance of their employees through the computers and telephones they use. The one check that they can do is |
check the number of keystrokes that word processors enter during the day |
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A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association showed that postal workers who tested positive for drug use in a pre-employment urine test were at least 50 percent more likely to be |
fired injured, disciplined, or absent than those who tested negative |
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Statistics indicate that on the job, about 5,000 people every year are |
Killed |
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The most accurate statement about workplace safety is: |
workers are often unaware of the hazards they face on the job |
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The proper approach to promote safety is found in the "hidden culture" which is |
a culture that is proactively oriented toward safety |
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Out of these four, which one is the only correct statement concerning OSHA? |
critics call OSHA a "toothless tiger" |
|
Douglas McGregor rejects Theory X, which holds that |
workers essentially dislike work and will do everything they can to avoid it |
|
"Corporate infighting," "management power struggles," "maneuvering and politics and power grabbing" and "Machiavellian intrigues" are all phrases H. Ross Perot uses to describe |
the reality of corporate life today |
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The United States has more of what per employee than any other industrial nation? |
managers |
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The most common reason that people leave their jobs is |
a poor relationship with their immediate supervisor |
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The Hawthorne effect shows |
attentions and recognition can enhance worker productivity and motivation |
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An early 1970s government study ("Work in America") identified three chief sources of worker dissatisfaction. Which of the following is one of those sources? |
the rigidity of rules and regulations |
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One of the three chief sources for dissatisfaction in the workplace is |
lack of opportunities to be one’s own boss |
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When employees at all occupational levels are asked to rank what is important to them, the order that they put them in is: |
interest work; sufficient help, support and information to accomplish the job; enough authority to carry out the work; and good pay |
|
A fact about job satisfaction is |
a lack of job satisfaction can create mental health problems |
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According to David Ewing, two factors explain the absence of civil liberties and the prevalence of authoritarianism in the workplace. Which of the following is one of them? |
the rise of personnel engineering and professional management |
|
According to David Ewing, |
the corporate invasion of employees\’ civil rights is rampant. |
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According to common-law, to legally terminate an employee, an employer |
need have no reason at all. |
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Which of the following is an accurate statement about modifications to common law from the Wagner Act of 1935? |
It’s illegal to fire workers because of union membership. |
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Fair personnel policies and decisions must be based on criteria that are clear, job related, and |
equally applied |
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Which statement is true about the hiring and employment process? |
According to common law, unless there is an explicit contractual provision to the contrary, every employment is employment "at will." |
|
Since Congress passed the Americans With Disabilities Act in 1994, |
employers must make "reasonable accommodations" for disabled workers. |
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The hiring process needs to include screening, testing, and |
interviewing. |
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Which of these is a valid reasoning for not hiring a potential employee? |
The person has a lack of experience. |
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Tests are designed to measure the applicants’s skills in verbal, quantitative, and |
reasoning ability |
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To be successful any test used by a corporation must be: |
valid |
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The appropriate guideline for testing potential employees is: |
Griggs v. Duke Power Company, which prohibits employers from requiring a high school education as a prerequisite for employment or promotion without demonstrable evidence that the associated skills relate directly to job performance |
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In the interview process, the interview should avoid rudeness, coarseness, condescension, and |
hostility |
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Conscious and unconscious biases and stereotypes are as the English philosopher Francis Bacon (1561-1626) called |
"idols of the mind" |
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The key moral ideal in promotions is |
fairness |
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Of the four types of discharge, firing |
for-cause dismissal–the result of employee theft, gross insubordination, release of proprietary information, and so on |
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Employers have the right to fire an employee who performs inadequately, but they should do so |
as painlessly as possible |
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One of the seven factors given to help minimize the chances of setting unfair wages and salaries is that |
An employer’s financial capabilities affect what constitutes a fair wage scale for that employer’s employees. |
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Choose the factual precept concerning wages: |
a fari wage presupposes a fair work contract |
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Groups of 18th century skilled artisans formed secret societies for two basic reasons. Which of the following is one of those reasons? |
to equalize their relationship with their employers |
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Austin Fagothey and Milton Gonsalves believe one of the three conditions when a direct strike is justified is |
when it is a last resort |
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Unions employ two kinds of boycotts to enforce their demands. These two kinds of boycotts are |
primary and secondary |
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In union terms, a direct strike occur |
when an organized body of workers withholds its labor to force the employer to comply with its demands |
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Which of the following is a correct statement about union activities? |
a sympathetic strike occurs when workers who have no particular grievance of their own and who may or may not have t |
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company loyalty |
Workers who willing sacrifice for the organization above and beyond their job description expect this from their companies. |
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conflict of interest |
a conflict between self-interest and professional obligation |
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abuse of official position |
range from misusing expense accounts to billing the company for unnecessary travel and from using subordinates for work outside the firm to exploiting a position of trust within an organization to enhance one’s own financial leverage and holdings. |
|
US v. O’Hagan |
insider trading case, misappropriation theory is inconsistent with rule 10(b), liability is based on information, those who misappropriate nonpublic information gain advantage in trading |
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proprietary data |
secondary data owned and controlled by the organization |
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trade secret |
A formula, device, idea, process, or other information used in a business that gives the owner a competitive advantage in the marketplace. |
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Economic Espionage Act (1996) |
a law that makes the theft of trade secrets by foreign entities a federal crime in the United States |
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bribe |
payment made to a person in a position of trust to corrupt his judgment |
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kickback |
A commercial bribe paid by a seller to a purchasing agent in order to induce the agent to enter into the transaction |
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Foreign Corrupt Practices Act |
a law that prohibits U.S. corporations from making illegal payments to public officials of foreign governments to obtain business rights or to enhance their business dealings in those countries |
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grease payments |
(facilitation payments) legal payments to speed up or ensure performance of normal government duties |
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Anti-Bribery Convention |
An OECD convention that requires countries to penalize companies engaging in bribery. |
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Business gifts and entertainment |
clients and business associates are familiar parts of the business world |
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whistle-blowing |
informing the press or government officials about unethical practices within one’s organization |
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self-interest |
an individual’s own personal gain |
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prudential reasons |
Decisions made from considerations of self interest. |
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