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Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched with its secreting organ?
1)
A) TRH — hypothalamus B) TSH — posterior pituitary
C) triiodothyronine — thyroid gland D) thyroxine — thyroid gland
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B) TSH — posterior pituitary
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A decrease in the level of thyroxine would increase the secretion of _______. 2)
A) TSH B) TRH
C) both TSH and TRH D) neither TSH nor TRH
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both TSH and TRH
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hypophysectomized rat is missing its _______. 3)
A) thyroid gland B) hypothalamus C) adrenal gland D) pituitary gland
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pituitary gland
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Thyroxine is a _______. 4)
A) slow-acting hormone that enters the nucleus
B) slow-acting hormone that works through a second-messenger system
C) slow-acting hormone
D) hormone that enters the nucleus
E) hormone that works through a second-messenger system
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slow-acting hormone that enters the nucleu
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Which of the following hormones is regulated by a positive feedback mechanism? 5)
A) oxytocin
B) slow-acting hormone that works through a second-messenger system
C) TSH
D) thyroxine
E) TRH
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oxytocin
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Which rat(s) was euthyroid without any injections? 6)
A) the hypophysectomized rat
B) the thyroidectomized rat
C) the normal rat
D) the normal rat and the hypophysectomized rat
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the normal rat
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An abnormally high level of which of the following will result in goiter? 7)
A) TRH
B) either thyroxine or TRH
C) TSH
D) either TRH or TSH
E) thyroxine
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TSH
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Why did the TSH have NO effect on the BMR of the thyroidectomized rat? 8)
A) The rat is missing its thyroid gland.
B) The rat is missing its pituitary gland.
C) The metabolism of the rat is already too high.
D) The metabolism of the rat is already too low.
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The rat is missing its thyroid gland.
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The injection of TSH resulted in goiter in _______. 9)
A) the normal rat and the hypophysectomized rat
B) the normal rat
C) the hypophysectomized rat
D) the thyroidectomized rat
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the normal rat and the hypophysectomized rat
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Propylthiouracil injections resulted in goiter formation in _______. 10)
A) the normal rat
B) the hypophysectomized rat
C) the normal rat and the hypophysectomized rat
D) the thyroidectomized rat
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the normal rat
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Glucose is stored in the human body as _______. 11)
A) glucagon B) glycogen C) insulin D) plant starch
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glycogen
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Which hormone stimulates the breakdown of polymerized glucose? 12)
A) insulin B) plant starch C) glucagon D) glycogen
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glucagon
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Glucose remains in the bloodstream as a result of _______. 13)
A) diabetes insipidus
B) type 1 diabetes mellitus
C) type 1 diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus
D) type 2 diabetes mellitus
E) type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
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type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Excess glucose can be found in the urine _______. 14)
A) when the transport maximum for reabsorption in the kidney tubules is exceeded
B) as a result of type 2 diabetes
C) as a result of type 1 diabetes
D) when the transport maximum for reabsorption in the kidney tubules is exceeded, as a result
of type 1 diabetes or as a result of type 2 diabetes
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when the transport maximum for reabsorption in the kidney tubules is exceeded, as a result of type 1 diabetes or as a result of type 2 diabetes
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In this experiment, optical density is measured using a _______. 15)
A) spectrophotometer B) thermocycler
C) microscope D) caliper
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spectrophotometer
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Using this assay, glucose concentration is _______. 16)
A) directly proportional to the volume of blood sampled
B) inversely proportional to the volume of blood sampled
C) inversely proportional to optical density
D) directly proportional to optical density
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directly proportional to optical density
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Which of the patients tested was(were) in the diabetic range? 17)
A) patients 3 and 4 B) patients 3 and 5
C) patients 3, 4, and 5 D) patient 3
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patients 3 and 5
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Which of the patients tested was(were) in the borderline range for insulin-mediated glucose
uptake?
18)
A) patient 2
B) patient 3
C) patients 2 and 4
D) patient 4
E) patients 2 and 3
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patients 2 and 4
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Peptide hormones include which of the following? 19)
A) follicle-stimulating hormone
B) calcitonin
C) follicle-stimulating hormone and estrogen
D) estrogen
E) follicle-stimulating hormone and calcitonin
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follicle-stimulating hormone and calcitonin
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Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched with its function? 20)
A) FSH — stimulates ovarian follicle growth
B) estrogen — provides protection against osteoporosis
C) calcitonin — inhibits osteoblast activity
D) All of the above are matched correctly.
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calcitonin — inhibits osteoblast activity
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Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched with its secreting organ? 21)
A) estrogen — ovaries B) calcitonin — thyroid gland
C) FSH — ovaries D) All of the above are matched correctly
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FSH — ovaries
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Inhibiting osteoclast activity would prevent _______. 22)
A) osteoporosis B) osteopenia and osteoporosis
C) osteopenia D) ovariectomy
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osteopenia and osteoporosis
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Replacement therapies for which two hormones were tested in this experiment? 23)
A) FSH and estrogen
B) estrogen and calcitonin
C) saline and estrogen
D) FSH and calcitonin
E) saline and calcitonin
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estrogen and calcitonin
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Which of the following showed the greatest improvement in vertebral bone density for the rats? 24)
A) saline B) calcitonin C) estrogen D) FSH
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estrogen
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The baseline T score for the rats was indicative of _______. 25)
A) osteopenia, because their ovaries were removed
B) osteoporosis, because their osteoporosis, because their ovaries were removedanterior pituitary was removed
C) osteoporosis, because their ovaries were removed
D) osteoporosis, because they were postmenopausal
E) osteopenia, because their anterior pituitary was removed
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osteoporosis, because their ovaries were removed
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Which of the following improved the vertebral bone density of the rats? 26)
A) calcitonin
B) saline
C) estrogen
D) FSH
E) both calcitonin and estrogen
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both calcitonin and estrogen
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The target cells for the hormone ACTH are located in the _______. 27)
A) hypothalamus B) posterior pituitary
C) adrenal cortex D) anterior pituitary
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adrenal cortex
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Tropic hormones include which of the following? 28)
A) cortisol
B) CRH
C) ACTH
D) both ACTH and CRH
E) cortisol, ACTH and CRH
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both ACTH and CRH
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Which of the following is NOT characterized by high levels of cortisol in the blood? 29)
A) Cushing’s disease B) Cushing’s syndrome
C) iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome D) Addison’s disease
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Addison’s disease
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Iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome is _______. 30)
A) a result of treatment with glucocorticoid hormones
B) often referred to as "steroid diabetes"
C) physician induced
D) All of the above are correct.
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All of the above are correct.
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High levels of cortisol would normally provide negative feedback to the _______. 31)
A) the posterior pituitary and the hypothalamus
B) the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus
C) posterior pituitary
D) anterior pituitary
E) hypothalamus
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the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus
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Which patients would be diagnosed with primary hypercortisolism 32)
A) patients 1 and 2 B) patients 4 and 5 C) patients 3 and 4 D) patients 3 and 5
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patients 1 and 2
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Which patient would be diagnosed with secondary hypercortisolism? 33)
A) patient 2 B) patient 4 C) patient 5 D) patient 1 E) patient 3
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patient 3
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Which patient would be diagnosed with secondary adrenal insufficiency? 34)
A) patient 3 B) patient 1 C) patient 5 D) patient 4 E) patient 2
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patient 1
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