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The energy used for metabolic processes reduces the efficiency of secondary productivity.
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T
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Energy in most ecosystems must flow through autotrophs because ______.
a.
only autotrophs can convert solar energy into chemical energy
b.
autotrophs are simpler organisms than heterotrophs
c.
heterotrophs only generate a small fraction of their energy from photosynthesis.
d.
all of the above
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A
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Heterotrophs convert solar energy into chemical energy.
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F
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Which of the following is true about the efficiency of energy transfer in an ecosystem?
a.
The more energy the organism requires, the more efficient the energy transfer.
b.
All energy transfers have the same efficiencies.
c.
The less energy the organism requires, the more efficient the energy transfer.
d.
The most efficient energy transfers are in large, warm-blooded animals.
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C
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Which of the following best describes the solar radiation absorbed by and radiated from earth?
a.
Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
b.
Only a small fraction of energy radiating from Earth is from the atmosphere.
c.
The Earth’s surface is responsible for a small fraction of heat radiation to space.
d.
Earth’s surface absorbs little of the energy that strikes as solar radiation.
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NOT- A
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Which of the following best describes the fate of energy in ecosystems?
a.
It will ultimately be recycled back into the ecosystem.
b.
It flows from secondary consumers to primary consumers.
c.
It enters most ecosystems in the form of sunlight.
d.
It flows through and is used by ecosystems.
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D
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The energy in fossil fuels is derived from the energy stored in plant and animal matter.
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T
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Most energy enters ecosystems in the form of sunlight.
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T
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Energy must be transformed in ecosystems because _______.
a.
energy cannot be created or destroyed
b.
an organism’s energy must go somewhere
c.
an organism’s energy must come from somewhere
d.
all of the above
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D
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Primary productivity is not limited by _______.
a.
the availability of sunlight
b.
time
c.
the availability of nutrients
d.
access to water
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B
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