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Which of the following is NOT a form of electromagnetic radiation? |
Gravity |
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Which color has the longest wavelength? |
Red |
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Gamma rays, X-rays, visible light, and radio waves are all types of ____. |
Electromagnetic radiation |
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. The fact that light can exert a pressure on matter suggests that it is made of particles called ____. |
Photons |
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The energy of a photon is related to its ____. |
Wavelength |
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Which color has the most energetic photons? |
Violet |
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What does a prism do? |
Separates visible light into several colors |
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A typical incandescent light bulb produces a(n) ____. |
Continuous spectrum |
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Which famous scientist unknowingly founded the field of spectroscopy? |
Sir Isaac Newton |
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Which type of spectrum can be produced by a solid, liquid, or gas? |
Continuous spectrum |
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What information does a star’s spectrum offer about the star? |
Chemical composition |
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Which type of spectrum is associated with the radiation of most stars? |
Absorption spectrum |
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. Which of the following refers to the change in wavelength that occurs when an object moves toward or away |
Doppler effect |
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What will happen to an object’s wavelength as the object moves toward you? |
The wavelength will be shortened |
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Large Doppler shifts indicate ____. |
High speeds |
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Using the Doppler effect, astronomers can determine a star’s ____. |
Movement toward or away from Earth |
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A refracting telescope produces an image using a(n) ____. |
Objective lens |
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A reflecting telescope produces an image using a(n) ____. |
Concave mirror |
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Which famous scientist first used a telescope for astronomical observations? |
Galileo |
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When several radio telescopes are wired together, the resulting network is called a radio ____. |
Interferometer |
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. The magnification of a telescope is changed by changing the ____. |
Eyepiece |
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Which property of an optical telescope is associated with sharper images? |
Resolving power |
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Which of the following is NOT an advantage of radio telescopes over optical telescopes? |
Radio telescopes have better resolution |
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Chromatic aberration ____. |
Weakens the images of stars |
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Which of the following is NOT true about most large optical telescopes? |
They are refracting telescopes. |
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The James Webb Space Telescope will study ____. |
Infrared radiation |
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What was the first space telescope built by NASA? |
Hubble Space Telescope |
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What advantage do space telescopes have over telescopes used on Earth? |
They are not affected by Earth’s atmosphere. |
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The layer of the sun that radiates most of the light that reaches Earth is the ____. |
Photosphere |
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The outermost layer of the sun is called the ____. |
Corona |
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Which part of the sun lies directly above the visible "surface" of the sun? |
Chromosphere |
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The sun’s surface has a grainy texture produced by numerous bright markings called ____. |
Granules |
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The thin red rim seen around the sun during a total solar eclipse is called the ____. |
Chromosphere |
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The sun’s surface is made up mostly of ____. |
Hydrogen |
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Streams of electrons and protons that shoot out from the sun’s corona make up the solar ____. |
Wind |
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What are the most explosive events that occur on the sun? |
Solar flares |
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By observing sunspots, Galileo concluded that the sun ____. |
Rotated on its axis |
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Sunspots appear dark because they are ____. |
Relatively cool |
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What effect do solar flares have on Earth? |
Auroras |
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The product of nuclear fusion is ____. |
Helium |
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The source of the sun’s energy is ____. |
Nuclear fusion |
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In the equation E = mc2, what does c represent? |
Speed of light |
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The sun can continue to exist in its present stable state for about another ____. |
5.5 billion years |
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The speed of light is ____ kilometers per second. |
300,000 |
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Photons are associated with the ____ theory of light. |
Particle |
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____ refers to the arrangement of electromagnetic waves according to their wavelengths and frequencies. |
Electromagnetic spectrum |
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An emission spectrum is produced by a(n) ____ gas under ____ pressure. |
Hot, low |
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The light from a source that is moving way from an observer appears ____ than it actually is because its waves are ____. |
Redder, lengthened |
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Because the focus of a(n) ____ telescope is in front of the mirror, an observer must be able to view the image without blocking too much incoming light. |
Reflecting |
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____ refers to a telescope’s ability to make an object larger. |
Magnifying power |
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Because the focus of a(n) ____ telescope is in front of the mirror, an observer must be able to view the image without blocking too much incoming light. |
Chromatic aberration |
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Space telescopes orbit above Earth’s ____ and thus produce clear images. |
Atmosphere |
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The outermost portion of the solar atmosphere, the ____, is very weak and only visible when the photosphere is covered. |
Corona |
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During periods of high solar activity, huge cloudlike structures called ____ appear as great arches that extend from the sun. |
Prominences |
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During nuclear fusion, energy is released because some matter is actually converted to ____. |
Energy |
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Nuclear fusion takes place in the sun’s ____. |
Core |
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