listening |
active process of making meaning out of another person's spoken message |
people oriented |
other's emotions and interests |
action oriented |
organization and precision |
time oriented |
efficient and to the point |
myth |
hearing is the same thing as listening listening is natural and effortless all listeners hear the same message |
HURIER model |
Hearing Understadning Remembering Interpreting Evaluating Responding |
informational |
listening to learn, passive |
critical |
listening to evaluate or analyze something |
empathic |
trying to understand what the speaker is feeling or thinking |
perspective taking |
helps us understand a situation from another's point of view |
empathic concern |
ability to identify how someone is feeling and to experience those feelings ourselves |
noise |
anything that distracts us from listening to what we wish to listen |
pseudo listening |
pretending to pay attention to someone |
selective attention |
listening to only what we want to hear |
information overload |
we are exposed to multiple messages daily. difficult to pay attention to particular messages when we have so many to process |
glazing over |
people speak more slowly than we can listen so our minds can wander when we listen to others. it causes us to miss important details |
rebuttal tendency |
deabting a speakers point and formulating a reply while the person is still talking (requires mental energy that should be spent listening) |
close mindedness |
tendency not to listen to anything with which you disagree |
competitive interrupting |
means using interruptions to take control of a conversation |
confirmation bias |
tendency of people to favor information that confirms their beliefs |
vividness effect |
tendency for dramatic, shocking events to distort our perception of reality |
stonewalling |
responding with silence and a lack of nonverbal expressiveness |
back channeling |
lets the speaker know you are listening |
questioning: sincere |
authentic questions are aimed at understanding, honest requests for information, opinions, assistance, etc |
questioning: counterfeit: |
questions have other goals, just happen to be interrogative |
prompting |
using silence and bring statements of encouragement to draw others out |
paraphrasing |
statements that reword the listeners interpretation of a message. won't always be accurate, gives the others person a chance to make a correction |
supporting |
reveals a listeners solidarity with the speakers situation expressions of care, concern, affection, and interest, especially during times of stress and upset |
analyzing |
offering an interpretation of the speakers message, the "whys" of behind a story |
advising |
offering potential situations |
judging |
responses that evaluate the senders thoughts or behaviors in some way. implies that the person doing the judging in some way is qualified to pass judgment |
hearing is a passive process, listening is an active process |
true |
research indicates that most people spend more time talking than listening |
false |
the evaluation state of listening involves among a value judgment about the merits of what someone else has said |
false |
part of the effective listening is responding appropriately to what you hear |
true |
critical listening is more passive than informational listening |
false |
empathic listening means feelings sorry for someone else |
false |
information overload can impair our ability to listen effectively |
true |
the average person speaks less than 150 words per minute |
true |
research shows that most interruptions are competitive |
false |
the vividness effect is the tendency of dramatic, shocking events to distort our perceptions of reality |
true |
listening non-judgmentally is important for effective critical listening |
false |