Chp 4

Identifying specific DNA sequences associated with the traits of anger and anxiety best illustrates a potential benefit of

molecular behavior genetics

Our adaptive flexibility in responding to different environments contributes to fitness, which refers to

our ability to survive and reproduce

During conversation between Lola, Martha and Gus, which is most likely to occur?

Gus interrupts Lola

Behaviors expected of those who occupy a particular social position define a

role

Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that

children are more likely to be values by biological fathers than stepfathers

The home environment most clearly has a greater influence on children’s _________ than on their _______

religious beliefs; personality traits

Prenatal testosterone secretions exert one of the earliest influences on

brain organization

Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are _________ similar in neuroticism and ___________ similar in risk of divorcing

less; less

Cultural diversity best illustrates our

adaptive capacities

Men and women are most likely to differ in thei

aggressiveness

Professor Smith emphasizes that gender similarities and differences are products of a continuous interplay among genetically predisposed traits, culturally shaped roles, and personally constructed expectations and assumptions. The professor’s emphasis best illustrates

a biopsychosocial approach

She insists on wearing feminine looking outfits because she wants to be treated like a woman. This illuestrates impact of

gender typing

Social learning theorists emphasize that

observation and imitation play a crucial role in the development of gender identity

The reproductive advantage enjoyed by organisms best suited to a particular environments is known as

natural selection

People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by

cultural diversity

Environmental influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing

identical twins raised together with identical raised apart

Compared with Asian and African parents, Westernized parents are more likely to teach kids the value of

personal independence

Selective attention is best ilustrated by

cocktail party effect

Kids raised in same family not necessarily have same personality. This implies that we should be cautious about attributing personality to

parental influence

Gender differences in verbal fluency are consistent with evidence that part of the

frontal lobe is thicker in women than men

IN everyday behavior, men are LESS likely than women to

smile at others

A segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a specific protein is called a

gene

An infant’s temperament refers to its

emotional excitability

Pat is normally restless and fidgety, Shell is quiet and easygoing. They differ in

temperament

Aggression is defines as

physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone

Sex reassignment surgery today would most likely be recommended for individuals who are

transgender

People living in a culture that promotes collectivisim are most likely than thos individualist to report experiencing

family loyalty

Those who defend evolutionary psychology against criticism are most likely to suggest that evolutionary principles

generate testable predictions

Women are more likely than men to

tend and befriend

Compared with men women are ______ likely to desire more frequent sex and _______ likely to perceive simple friendliness as sexual come on

less; less

Impact o our cultural backgrounds on the development of our personal values best illustrates influence of

the environment

The heritability of a specific trait will be greatest among

genetically dissimilar individuals raised in same evironment

When he turns she changes his red wine with white. His failure to notice shows

change blindness

Heritability refers to the extent to which

trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations

He is healthier than brother because he developed bettwe prenatal barrier. This illustrates impact of _________ on development

prenatal environment

Which specialists are most likely to prescribe drug for treatment?

psychiatrist

Brain activity indicative of conscious awareness is most likely to involve synchronized activity across various regions in the

cerebral cortex

Cognitive neuroscience studies relationship between

thought processes and brain functions

The genome is the complete

set of genetic material in an organisms chromosomes

It has been suggested that sensitivity to peer influence is genetically predisposed because it facilitates mating, This illustrates

an evolutionary perspective

Kids organize their worlds into male and female. This illustrates use of

gender shcemas

Chromosomes are contained within

all cells

The preservation of innovation best illustrates the survival value of

culture

n a study of Welsh pedestrians, women rated a man as ________ if he was pictured at the wheel of an expensive rather than an inexpensive car. Men rated a woman as ________ if she was pictured at the wheel of an expensive rather than an inexpensive car.

more attractive; no more attractive

A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on

personality traits

Behaviorism encouraged psychologists to ignore the study of

consciousness

The belief that boys are more independent than girl is a

gender schema

Lacking exposure to language before adolescence, a person will never master any language due to the _________ of unemployed neural connections

pruning

Gender identity refers to

sense of being male or female

Compared with females, males use conversation to

communicate solutions

When he lived outside for a year he was surprised at how much respect he received from people because he was older. His surprise suggests that he had NOT lived ina culture characterized by

collectivism

An evolutionary psychologist would suggest that people are genetically predisposed to

do all these things

Infant rats deprived of mother’s normal licking had more _______ that block access to the "on" switch for developing brain’s stress hormone receptors

epigenetic molecules

The resting potential of a neuron refers to

the electrical polariztion of the inside and outside neural membrane

Religious and ethnic diversity are likely to be appreciated in a culture characterized by

individualism

An African butterfly green in the summer and brown in fall illustrates that genes are

self-regulating

Evolutionary psychologists are more likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to different environments contribute to human

reproductive success

Individualism is to collectivism as _______ is to _________

independence; interdependence

The personalities of adopted children

are not very similar to those of their adoptive parents

People have always responded positively to her good looks so she has developed a socially confident and outgoing personality. This illustrates

interaction of nature and nurture

Since 1960, American have experienced a

increase in incidence of depression and work hours

A child’s temperament is likely to be

stable over time

Men in their ________ are most likely to be sexually attracted to women several years older than several years younger

teens

Cross cultural research on human development indicates that

person to person differences within cultural groups are larger than differences between groups