chp 11 sociology

Scapegoat theory states that prejudice is created by

frustration among disadvantaged people

Significant immigration of Asian Americans to the United States was first sparked by

the California Gold Rush in 1849.

Institutional prejudice and discrimination refers to the fact that

bias is built into the operation of social institutions

Which of the following concepts refers to biological reproduction by people of different racial categories

miscegenation

When the first Europeans arrived in the Americas in the fifteenth century, Native Americans

had inhabited this land for 15,000 years

Which of the following statements about prejudice is true?

All of these correct

The adoption of the English language by Mexican immigrants in the United States is an example of

assimilation.

The idea that prejudice and discrimination form a vicious circle means that

prejudice and discrimination reinforce each other

In the United States, minorities typically have less

All of these responses are correct

Typically, people who live in _____ perceive fewer racial categories than people who live in _____.

the United States; Brazil

The concept "white ethnics" refers to

non-WASPs of European ancestry

While prejudice is a matter of _____, discrimination is a matter of _____.

attitude; action

For Chinese immigrants, one result of living in Chinatowns was _____

All of these responses are correct

A national civil rights movement, which ended most instances of lawful discrimination, took place during

the 1950s and 1960s

Human beings are all members of

a single biological species

Four states currently have a "minority majority." Which are they?

Texas, New Mexico, California, and Hawaii

Race refers to _____ considered important by a society; ethnicity refers to _____.

biological traits; cultural traits

Which of the following concepts refers to a category of people, distinguished by physical or cultural traits, who are socially disadvantaged?

All of these are correct

Japanese immigrants differed from earlier Chinese immigrants by

favoring living in rural areas.

Which of the following categories of Hispanics in the United States is largest in terms of population size

Mexican Americans

Which statement about African Americans is correct?

All of these responses are correct

Which of the following concepts refers to the physical and social separation of categories of people

segregation

People who are called "WASPs" have ancestors from which country

All of these are correct

Assimilation refers to the process by which

minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture

The killing of people in the Darfur region of Africa is a recent example of

genocide

The ancestors of which of the following first settled in the Western Hemisphere

Native Americans

Which category of Asian Americans has an average income above the national average

All of these responses are correct

In which of the following clusters of states do we find the least racial and ethnic diversity

Maine, Vermont, and New Hampshire

The claim that defining members of some minority as inferior will make them inferior is one application of

the Thomas theorem

You would be expressing a "stereotype" if you

described everyone in some category in the same way

The United States is not truly pluralistic because

racial and ethnic categories do not have equal social standing

The Hispanic population of the United States is

concentrated in the West, Southwest, and southern Florida

The overall social standing of Native Americans is

below the national average

Conflict theory states that prejudice is

a tool used by powerful people to oppress others.

The Matsui family came to the United States from Japan thirty years ago. They now speak English at home and the Matsui children date non-Japanese students at college. This family’s story best illustrates which of the following concepts?

assimilation

Which of the following is the largest minority category within the U.S. population?

people of Hispanic descent

Sociologists define the concept of "race" as

a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important.

The largest category of Asian Americans in the United States is people of _____ ancestry

Chinese

Based on research using the social distance scale, you can correctly say that U.S. college students today

All of these responses are correct