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The study of the processes that take place in organisms |
biochemistry |
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Concerned with the mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change |
physical chemistry |
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The study of all chemicals containing carbon |
organic chemistry |
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The study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon |
inorganic chemistry |
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The study of the composition of matter |
analytical chemistry |
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Closeness to true value |
accuracy |
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Narrowness of range of measurements |
precision |
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Known or estimated in a measurement |
significant figures |
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The quantity of matter an object contains |
mass |
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The lowest point of the Kelvin scale |
absolute zero |
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The SI scale for temperature |
Kelvin temperature scale |
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The force of gravity on an object |
weight |
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The non-SI scale for temperature |
Celsius temperature scale |
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Which field of science studies the composition and structure of matter? |
chemistry |
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The study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon is traditionally called what type of chemistry? |
inorganic |
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Which of the following would a chemist be most likely to study? |
a leaf changing color in autumn |
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Which of the following best describes an example of pure chemistry? |
studying chemicals containing carbon |
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Which of the following statements is false? |
Studying chemistry ensures that officials make correct choices in funding technology |
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Which of the following is NOT an example of chemistry research in the main area of energy? |
producing hook-and-loop tape |
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Which of the following is an example of a current research focus in chemistry? |
applying for gene therapy to treat certain diseases |
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Which of the following can be observed only in a microscopic view? |
structure of a muscle cell |
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Which of the following was a major contribution to chemistry by Antonie Lavoisier? |
he showed that oxygen is required for material to burn |
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One characteristic of a scientific theory is that ____. |
it can never be proved |
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A theory is a ____. |
well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations |
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Which step in the scientific method requires you to use your senses to obtain information? |
making an observation |
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The variable that is observed during an experiment is called what type of variable? |
responding |
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Collaboration and communication are important in science because _____. |
they increase likelihood of a successful outcome |
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Which of these steps should always be followed for effective problem solving? |
developing a plan and them implementing the plan |
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The step that usually comes last in solving numeric problems is _____. |
evaluate |
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How do conceptual problems differ from numeric problems? |
solutions to conceptual problems normally do not involve calculations |
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The diameter of a carbon atom is 0.000 000 000 154m. What is this number expressed in scientific notation? |
1.54 x 10^-10m |
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The expression of 5008 km in scientific notation is _____. |
5.008 x 10^3 km |
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What i the result of multiplying 2.5 x 10^10 by 3.5 x 10^-7? |
8.75 x 10^3 |
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What is the result of adding 2.5 x 10^3 and 3.5 x 10^2? |
2.9 x 10^3 |
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The closeness of a measurements to its true value is a measure of its _____. |
accuracy |
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Which of the following measurements contains two significant figures? |
0.000 44 L |
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When a test instrument is calibrated, does its accuracy, precision, or reliability improve? |
accuracy |
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Which of the following measurements (of different masses) is the most accurate? |
3.000 000 g |
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Which group of measurements is the most precise? (Each group of measurements is for a different object.) |
2 g, 2.5 g, 3 g |
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3 different people weight a standard mass of 2.00 g on the same balance. Each person obtains a reading of 7.32 g for the mass of the standard. These results imply that the balance that was used is _____. |
precise |
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Which of the following measurements is expressed in 3 significant figures? |
7.30 x 10^-7 km |
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In the measurement 0.503 L, which digit is the estimated digit? |
3 |
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How many significant figures are in the measurement 0.003 4 kg? |
2 |
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How many significant figures are in the measurement 40, 500 mg? |
3 |
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How many significant figures are in the measurement 811.40 grams? |
5 |
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Express the sum 1111 km and 222 km using the correct number of significant digits. |
1333 km |
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Express the sum of 7.68 m and 5.0 m using the correct number of significant digits. |
12.7 m |
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Express the product 2.2 mm and 5.00 mm using the correct number of significant digits. |
11 mm^2 |
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What is the measurement 111.009 mm rounded off to four significant digits? |
111. 0 mm |
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What is the measurement 1042 L rounded off to two significant digits? |
1.0 x 10^3 L |
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Express the product of 4.0 x 10^-2 m and 8.1 x 10^2 m using the correct number of significant digits. |
3.2 x 10^1 |
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When multiplying and dividing measured quantities, the number of significant figures in the result should be equal to the number of significant figures in ____. |
the least precise measurement |
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What is the volume of a salt crystal measuring 2.44 x 10^-2 m by 1.4 x 10^-3 m by 8.4 x 10^-3 m? |
2.9 x 10^-7 m^3 |
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What quantity is represented by the metric system prefix deci-? |
0.1 |
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What metric system prefix for the quantity 0.000 001? |
micro- |
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The chief advantage of the metric system over the other systems of measurement is that it _____. |
is in multiples of 10 |
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Which of the following units is NOT an official SI unit? |
liter |
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Which of the following volumes is the smallest? |
one microliter |
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What is the SI unit of mass? |
kilogram |
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What is the temperature of absolute zero measured in Celsius? |
-273 degrees Celsius |
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Which temperature scale has no negative temperature? |
Kelvin |
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What is the boiling point of water in kelvins? |
373 K |
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Which of the following mass units is largest? |
1 dg |
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The weight of an object _______. |
depends on its location |
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What is the temperature -34 degrees Celsius expressed in kelvins? |
239 K |
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If the temperature changes by 100 K, by how much it does it change in degrees Celsius? |
100 degrees Celsius |
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Chlorine boils at 239 K. What is the boiling point of chlorine expressed in degrees Celsius? |
-34 degrees Celsius |
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What is the quantity 0.0075 meters expressed in centimeters? |
0.75 cm |
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A train travels at a speed of 30 miles per hour. If 1 mile= 1.6 kilometers, how fast is the train traveling in kilometers per minute? |
0.8 km/ min |
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The density of mercury is 5, 427 kg/ (m^3). If the density of water is 1.0 g/mL, will mercury float or sink in water? |
Mercury will sink because the density of Mercury is 0.05427 g/mL, which is greater than the 1.0 g/mL density of water. |
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Which of the following equalities is NOT correct? |
10kg = 1g |
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A cubic meter is about the same as the volume occupied by a ____. |
washing machine |
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The quantity 44 liters expressed in cubic meters is ___. |
0.044 m^3 |
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Density is found by dividing ____. |
mass by volume |
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What is the density of an object having a mass of 8.0 g and a volume of 25 cm^3? |
0.32 g/cm^3 |
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What is the volume of 80.0 g of ether if the density of ether is 0.70 g/mL? |
1.1 x 10^2 |
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What is the volume of 45.6 g of silver if the density of silver is 10.5 g/mL? |
4.34 mL |
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If a liter of water is heated from 20 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius, what happens to its volume? |
The volume increases |
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If the temperature of a piece of steel decreases, what happens to its density? |
The density increases |
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As the density of a substance increases, the volume of a given mass of that substance ____. |
decreases |
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