Chapter 8 multiple choice

When George Washington took office as the first president of the United States, American leaders believed that the new nation’s success depended on:

maintaining political harmony

All of the following men held a high executive or judicial office during George Washington’s presidency EXCEPT:

James Madison

Alexander Hamilton’s long-term goal was to:

make the United States a major commercial and military power

Which of the following was NOT part of Alexander Hamilton’s financial program?

a national capital city with experimental manufacturing

Which of the following was NOT an objection raised by critics of Hamilton’s proposals?

The proposals would prevent the development of manufacturing, and manufacturing was vital to America’s future.

Opponents of Hamilton’s economic plan:

agreed to a compromise that included placing the national capital in the South.

"Strict constructionists" believed:

the federal government could only exercise powers specifially listed in the Constitution.

Pierre Charles L’Enfant is well known for:

designing Washington, D.C.

Benjamin Banneker was:

a scientist who helped survey the new national capital

How did Americans respond to the French Revolution?

Almost everyone supported it at first, because the French seemed to be following in Americans’ footsteps.

What happened to King Louis XVI during the French Revolution?

He was executed

With whom did Alexander Hamilton and his supporters believe that the United States needed to cultivate a firm relationship in order to survive as a nation?

the British

Edmond Genet was a French diplomat who:

commissioned American ships to fight the British

Which of the following led directly to the formation of an organized political party opposed to the Federalist Party?

Jay’s Treaty

The French Revolution:

reinforced the Republicans’ sympathy toward the French

Which of the following is true of the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794?

It was the only time inU.S. history that the president commanded an army in the field.

The Democratic-Republican Societies of the 1790s:

criticized the Washington administration

Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman:

was inspired by Thomas Paine’s Rights of Man

Which of the following is true of women and political life in the new republic of the 1790s?

Some women contributed to a growing democratization of political life by arguing for increased rights for their sex.

Judith Sargent Murray argued that women’s apparent mental inferiority to men simply reflected the fact that women had been denied:

educational opportunities

Which of the following was NOT true of the United States in 1797?

Believing that political parties were wrong, Adams included Jefferson and Hamilton in his government, and they did not get along.

The 1796 election pitted John Adams and Thomas Pinckney against:

Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr.

The "quasi-war" was a war of the United States against:

Spain

Fries’s Rebellion:

resulted in a loss of support for Federalists in southeastern Pennsylvania

The Sedition Act of 1798:

led Jefferson to argue that states, not the federal government, could punish seditious speech.

The Sedition Act targeted:

the Republican press

The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were a response to:

the Alien and Sedition Acts

The Kentucky resolution originally stated that:

states could nullify laws of Congress

Which of the following is NOT true of the presidential election of 1800?

Thomas Jefferson’s victory in the New England states proved to be key to his election.

Who wrote a petition to Congress as the president of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, calling for the ending of slavery?

Benjamin Franklin

Which of the following is true of the American response to Toussaint L’Ouverture’s slave uprising, which led to the establishment of Haiti as an independent nation in 1804?

Many white Americans considered L’Ouverture’s uprising to be evidence of blacks’ unfitness for republican freedom.

Gabriel’s Rebellion:

demonstrated that the slaves were as aware of the idea of liberty as anyone else.

After becoming president, how did Thomas Jefferson deal with the Federalists?

He tried to roll back almost everything they had done by cutting taxes and the size of government.

What was the significance of the case of Marbury v. Madison?

The Supreme Court asserted the power of judicial review

In its decision in the case of Fletcher v. Peck, the U.S. Supreme Court:

exercised the authority to overturn a state law that the Court considered in violation of the U.S. Constitution.

The land involved in the Louisiana Purchase:

stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada and from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.

Which of the following is true of the Louisiana Purchase?

Jefferson expected the land acquisition to make possible the spread of agrarian republicanism.

Which of the following is NOT true about the expedition of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark?

They never reached the Pacific coast

Sacajawea was:

a guide and interpreter for the Lewis and Clark expedition

Which of the following statements is true of New Orleans under Spanish rule?

Slave women had the right to go to court for protection against cruelty or rape by their owners.

Why did Jefferson use the U.S. navy against North African states?

Tripoli had declared war on the United States after Jefferson had refused demands for increased payments to the Barbary pirates.

Jefferson’s Embargo Act:

caused economic depression within the United States

What was unusual about the Embargo Act of 1807?

It stopped all American vessels from sailing to foreign ports— an amazing use of federal power, especially by a president supposedly dedicated to a weak central government.

Which of the following contributed to the United States going to war in 1812?

Congressional War Hawks who pressed for territorial expansion into Florida and Canada

The War Hawks in Congress included:

Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun

Who wrote that he hoped that the purchase of Louisiana would lead to the transplanting of all the Indians from east of the Mississippi to west of the Mississippi?

Thomas Jefferson

Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa were brothers who:

preached a militant message to Native Americans early in the nineteenth century.

Which of the following contributed to the poor American performance in the War of 1812?

The nation was deeply divided about whether to go to war

When Andrew Jackson had the chance to obtain African-American help to fight the British in the Battle of New Orleans, he:

recruited freemen of color and promised them the same paythat white recruits received.

The treaty that ended the War of 1812:

restored the prewar status quo

Which of the following was NOT a result of the War of 1812?

The United States gained land in what is now Maine, Vermont, Michigan, and Minnesota as well as all of modern Florida.

Why did the United States become a one-party nation following the War of 1812?

The Hartford Convention’s allegedly treasonous activities fatally damaged the Federalist Party’s reputation.