Chapter 8. EMT

During a 30-minute transport of a stable patient, you should reassess him or her at least ________ times.

2

Which of the following questions would you ask a patient to ascertain the "M" in the SAMPLE history?

"How much Tylenol do you take each day?"

You should gently palpate a patient’s pelvis only if:

the patient does not complain of pelvic pain.

When palpating a patient’s pulse, you note that there is a short interval between pulsations. This indicates that the pulse is:

Rapid

A 29-year-old male with a head injury opens his eyes when you speak to him, is confused as to the time and date, and is able to move all of his extremities on command. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is:

13

When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to:

become smaller.

The MOST effective way to determine whether your patient’s problem is medical or traumatic in origin is to:

perform a careful and thorough assessment.

Which of the following actions would NOT be performed during the scene size-up?

rapidly assessing a patient’s respiratory status

In the adult, bradycardia is defined as a pulse rate less than _______ beats/min, and tachycardia is defined as a heart rate greater than _______ beats/min.

60, 100

In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the

lips or oral mucosa.

Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is seen MOST commonly in pediatric patients?

seesaw breathing

When using the pulse oximeter as part of your assessment of a patient, it is important to remember that

any situation that causes vasoconstriction or loss of red blood cells, such as anemia or bleeding, may result in an inaccurate or misleading value.

Which of the following findings indicates that your patient has a patent airway?

forceful coughing

A 40-year-old male crashed his motorcycle into a tree. He is semiconscious, has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should:

open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver.

When you inspect a patient’s pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by:

constricting.

A pulse with a consistent pattern is considered to be:

Regular

Which of the following is an example of a symptom?

headache

After performing a head tilt-chin lift maneuver to open the airway of an unresponsive patient who has a pulse, you should:

suction as needed and insert an airway adjunct.

An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. You assess her level of consciousness as unresponsive using the AVPU scale. Your initial care should focus on:

airway, breathing, and circulation.

Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct?

The MOI may allow you to predict the severity of a patient’s injuries.

The normal respiratory rate for an adult should range from:

12 to 20 breaths per minute.

Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct?

You may not have time to perform a secondary assessment if you must continually manage life threats that were identified during the primary assessment.

When a patient’s respirations are shallow:

tidal volume is markedly reduced.

Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following, EXCEPT:

the reason why the patient called EMS.

Jugular venous distention suggests a problem with blood returning to the heart if the patient is:

sitting up at a 45° angle.

The diastolic pressure represents the:

minimum amount of pressure that is always present in the arteries.

When auscultating the blood pressure in a patient’s upper extremity, you should place the diaphragm (head) of the stethoscope over the _________ artery.

brachial

Which of the following situations or conditions warrants immediate transport?

severe chest pain and cool, pale skin

While en route to the scene of a shooting, the dispatcher advises you that the caller states that the perpetrator has fled the scene. You should:

confirm this information with law enforcement personnel at the scene.

Family histroy

"Does your mother have diabetes?"

Which of the following factors would MOST likely cause a patient’s pulse rate to be slower than normal?

beta-blocker medications

What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with trauma

jaw-thrust maneuver

Which of the following statements regarding the blood pressure is correct?

Blood pressure is usually not measured in children younger than 3 years of age.

For an adult, the normal resting pulse should be between:

60 and 100 beats/min.

When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be

become smaller.

You respond to the residence of a 62-year-old male who is unresponsive. Your primary assessment reveals that he is apneic and pulseless. You should:

start CPR and attach the AED as soon as possible.

The full-body scan of a patient that occurs following the primary assessment should take no longer than:

60 to 90 seconds.

Which of the following questions is used to determine a patient’s chief complaint?

"What seems to be the matter?"

End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) is defined as the

maximal concentration of CO2 at the end of an exhaled breath.

A properly sized blood pressure cuff should cover

two thirds the length from the armpit to the crease in the elbow.

You are dispatched to the county jail for an inmate who is "sick." When you arrive, you find the patient, a 33-year-old male, unresponsive. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and shallow. Your initial action should be to:

provide assisted ventilation.

During the primary assessment, circulation is evaluated by assessing:

pulse quality, external bleeding, and skin condition.

Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass-casualty incident should be determined after:

all the patients have been triaged.

A patient who does not respond to your questions but moves or cries out when his or her trapezius muscle is pinched, is said to be:

responsive to painful stimuli.