The two basic types of cells are ______ and ______. |
A) prokaryotic . . . eukaryotic |
What type of microscope would be best for studying the detailed structure of the surface of a plasma membrane? |
D) scanning electron microscope |
4) When using a light microscope to view a cell you obtained from scraping under your fingernails, you notice that the cell lacks a nucleus; therefore, you conclude that the cell must be a type of ______ cell. |
prokaryotic |
One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells. |
C) have membrane-bound organelles, which are lacking in |
In eukaryotic cells, what name is given to the region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane? |
A) cytoplasm |
7) You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it must be a ______ cell. |
E) plant |
8) Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane? |
D) regulation of the passage of material into and out of the cell |
9) ______ are the major lipids of plasma membranes. |
E) Phospholipids |
10) When mixed with water, phospholipids spontaneously form membranes because they ______. |
B) have hydrophilic phosphate groups that are attracted to water and hydrophobic fatty acid tails that avoid water |
11) The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ______. |
A) phospholipids and most proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane |
12) The extracellular coats of cells ______. |
A) protect and support cells |
13) ______ store the information necessary to produce proteins. |
B) Genes |
14) The nuclear envelope is composed of ______. |
D) a double membrane |
15) The structural combination of DNA and protein forms ______. |
C) chromatin |
16) Most human cells contain ______ chromosomes. |
B) 46 |
17) What name is given to the organelle that manufactures the components of ribosomes? |
E) nucleolus |
18) Many antibiotic drugs are effective against bacteria without hurting humans because the antibiotics rely upon differences in the structure of human and bacterial ______. |
E) ribosomes |
19) Where does protein synthesis take place? |
C) on ribosomes |
20) Information is transferred from the nucleus to ribosomes via ______. |
A) mRNA |
21) The endomembrane system includes ______. |
D) Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and the endoplasmic reticulum |
22) A hormone that will be secreted from the cell is manufactured by ribosomes _____. |
A) attached to the endoplasmic reticulum |
23) Based on its function in detoxifying drugs, you would expect to find a large amount of smooth ER in ______ cells. |
C) liver |
24) Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum include ______. |
D) lipid synthesis, steroid synthesis, and drug detoxification |
25) What structures move proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus? |
C) transport vesicles |
26) Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus? |
C) protein modification |
27) Which of the following parts of a cell is (are) most like the shipping center of a company? |
A) the Golgi apparatus |
28) Lysosomes are responsible for ______. |
D) digestion of organic matter inside the cell |
29) If a cell’s lysosomes burst, the cell would ______. |
c) digest itself |
30) Tay-Sachs disease results from ______ lacking a specific type of lipid-digesting enzyme. |
B) lysosomes |
31) Vacuoles are ______. |
B) membranous sacs |
32) A protist that contains contractile vacuoles most likely lives ______. |
C) in fresh water |
33) In plant cells, ______ may contain organic nutrients, pigments, and poisons. |
D) central vacuoles |
34) Plant cells, unlike animal cells, are characterized by the presence of a ______. |
B) cell wall and central vacuole |
35) Similar to the nucleus, chloroplasts and mitochondria are ______. |
A) surrounded by two membranes |
36) Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? |
D) chloroplast |
37) Cellular respiration can be described as the conversion of the energy ______. |
B) stored in food molecules to energy stored in ATP |
38) Which of the following is an adaptation to increase the surface area of a part of a cell that is involved in cellular respiration? |
A) the cristae of a mitochondrion |
39) Microtubules are associated with ______. |
A) cilia B) flagella C) chromosome movement D) cell shape E) all of the above |
40) Tobacco smokers (and those exposed to tobacco smoke) are at greater risk of an ectopic (tubal) pregnancy. Based on your understanding of the structures of the cytoskeleton, what is the best explanation? |
E) Tobacco interferes with the sweeping motion of cilia that aids in the movement of the egg toward the uterus. |
chapter 4
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