Chapter 4 – A&P

The shock-absorbing pads between the vertebrae are formed of fibrocartilage.

TRUE

Brown fat is frequently deposited between the shoulder blades of infants.

TRUE

Achilles was wounded by damage to the tendon connecting his calf muscles to his heel. This and all tendons are composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue.

FALSE; dense REGULAR connective tissue

Macrophages are found in areolar and lymphatic tissues.

TRUE

Goblet cells are found with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.

TRUE

Epithelial tissues always exhibit polarity; that is, they have a free surface and a basal surface.

TRUE

Simple cuboidal epithelia are usually associated with secretion and absorption.

TRUE

Depending on the functional state of the bladder, transitional epithelium may resemble stratified squamous or stratified cuboidal epithelium.

TRUE

Stratified cuboidal epithelium is moderately rare in the body and found only in the pharynx, larynx, and anorectal junction.

FALSE; found in the sweat and mammary glands

Endothelium covers and lines internal cavities such as the pleural and peritoneal cavities.

FALSE; mesothelium covers and lines these cavities

Merocrine glands produce their secretions by accumulating their secretions internally and then rupturing the cell.

FALSE; holocrine glands

Salivary glands exhibit simple tubuloalveolar glandular arrangement.

FALSE

Connective tissues that possess a large quantity of collagen fibers often provide the framework for organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.

FALSE; possess a large quantity of reticular fibers

The basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount of elastic fibers and adipose cells present.

FALSE; the arrangement of collagen and elastic fibers

A major characteristic of fibrocartilage is its unique amount of flexibility and elasticity.

FALSE; elastic cartilage

Cartilage tissue tends to heal less rapidly than bone tissue.

TRUE

Intercalated discs and striations are found in skeletal muscle.

FALSE; found in cardiac muscle

Smooth muscle cells possess central nuclei but lack striations.

TRUE

Most connective tissues have regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not.

FALSE

Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature.

TRUE

Functions of connective tissues include binding, support, insulation, and protection.

TRUE

Sweat glands are apocrine glands.

FALSE; they are merocrine glands

Endocrine glands are often called ducted glands.

FALSE; they are DUCTLESS

Blood is considered a type of connective tissue.

TRUE

Nervous tissue consists mainly of neurons and collagen fibers.

FALSE; consists mainly of neurons and neuroglia

Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is in bone?
A) live cells
B) lacunae
C) blood vessels
D) organic fibers

C) blood vessels

The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength to absorb shock is because they possess ________.
A) hydroxyapatite crystals
B) collagen fibers
C) reticular fibers
D) elastic fibers

B) collagen fibers

What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?
A) cartilage tissue
B) fibrocartilaginous tissue
C) osseous tissue
D) areolar tissue

C) osseous tissue

How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic or fibrocartilage?
A) It is more vascularized.
B) It contains more nuclei.
C) Fibers are not normally visible.
D) It has more elastic fibers.

C) Fibers are not normally visible.

Epithelial tissue ________.
A) is highly vascularized
B) has a basement membrane
C) is usually acellular
D) contains a number of neuron types

B) has a basement membrane

Which of the following would be of most importance to goblet cells and other glandular epithelium?
A) microvilli
B) Golgi bodies
C) lysosomes
D) multiple nuclei

B) Golgi bodies

Mammary glands exhibit a glandular type called ________.
A) simple tubular
B) compound tubular
C) simple alveolar
D) compound alveolar

D) compound alveolar

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium ________.
A) lines the respiratory tract
B) aids in digestion
C) possesses no goblet cells
D) is not an epithelial classification

A) lines the respiratory tract

Which of the following is a single-celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of serous membranes?
A) simple transitional
B) simple columnar
C) simple squamous
D) simple cuboidal

C) simple squamous

Which statement best describes connective tissue?
A) usually contains a large amount of matrix
B) always arranged in a single layer of cells
C) primarily concerned with secretion
D) usually lines a body cavity

A) usually contains a large amount of matrix

Matrix is composed of ________.
A) cells and fibers
B) fibers and ground substance
C) ground substance and cells
D) all organic compounds

B) fibers and ground substance

Cell types likely to be seen in areolar connective tissue include all except ________.
A) chondrocytes
B) fibroblasts
C) macrophages
D) mast cells

A) chondrocytes

Which tissue type arises from all three embryonic germ layers?
A) epithelial tissue
B) connective tissue
C) nervous tissue
D) muscle tissue

A) epithelial tissue

The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ________.
A) elastic
B) collagen
C) reticular
D) muscle

B) collagen

Organized groups of cells (plus their intercellular substances) that have a common purpose form a(n) ________.
A) organ
B) tissue
C) organism
D) organ system

B) tissue

The shape of the external ear is maintained by ________.
A) adipose tissue
B) elastic cartilage
C) hyaline cartilage
D) fibrocartilage

B) elastic cartilage

Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which tissue?
A) simple squamous
B) transitional
C) simple columnar
D) stratified squamous

C) simple columnar

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ________.
A) exocrine
B) endocrine
C) sebaceous
D) ceruminous

B) endocrine

Mesenchymal cells are most commonly found in ________ connective tissue.
A) areolar
B) dense regular
C) embryonic
D) reticular

C) embryonic

________ muscle cells are multinucleated.

Skeletal

________ live in the lacunae of cartilage.

Chondrocytes

Kidney tubules are composed of ________ epithelium.

simple cuboidal

Multiple rows of cells covering a tissue in which the cells are the same shape from the basement membrane to the surfaces would be ________ epithelia.

transitional

All epithelial tissue rests upon a(n) ________ composed of connective tissue.

basement membrane