Chapter 38

Your primary concern when arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is:

A) gaining access to the patient(s).
B) requesting additional resources.
C) immediately beginning triage.
D) surveying the area for hazards.

D) surveying the area for hazards.

While staged at the scene of a structure fire, the EMT should _________.

A) locate the safety officer
B) stay with the incident commander
C) assess firefighters for signs of fatigue
D) remain with the ambulance

D) remain with the ambulance

Upon arrival at an accident scene, the EMT should _________.

A) leave emergency lights running
B) turn off the ambulance
C) turn off emergency lights
D) park at least 300′ from the accident scene

A) leave emergency lights running

Situational awareness is MOST accurately defined as:

A) an ongoing process of information gathering and scene evaluation to determine appropriate strategies and tactics.
B) the ability to recognize any possible issues once you arrive at the scene and act proactively to avoid a negative impact.
C) predicting the presence of certain hazards at the scene after receiving initial information from the dispatcher.
D) performing an initial scan of the scene in order to identify hazards that will pose an immediate threat to you and your crew.

B) the ability to recognize any possible issues once you arrive at the scene and act proactively to avoid a negative impact.

In order to evaluate hazards present at the scene and determine the number of patients, you should:

A) request the fire department at all scenes.
B) perform a 360° walk-around of the scene.
C) use the information provided by dispatch.
D) interview bystanders present at the scene.

B) perform a 360° walk-around of the scene.

_____________ is defined as the ability to reach the patient.

A) Access
B) Rescue
C) Extrication
D) Disentanglement

A) Access

Common duties and responsibilities of EMS personnel at the scene of a motor vehicle crash include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) keeping bystanders at a safe distance.
B) assigning all patients a triage category.
C) preparing all patients for transportation.
D) continual assessment of critical patients.

A) keeping bystanders at a safe distance.

You arrive at an accident scene to find an alternative-fuel vehicle leaking an unknown substance. You should immediately _________.

A) search the vehicle for occupants
B) disconnect the car battery
C) apply retardant to the leaking fuel
D) call for additional resources and keep bystanders away from the vehicle

D) call for additional resources and keep bystanders away from the vehicle

At a scene with downed electrical lines, the EMT should _________.

A) remain outside the hot zone
B) enter the hot zone for patient removal only
C) stabilize the patient in the hot zone
D) relocate the hot zone away from the patient

A) remain outside the hot zone

Which of the following statements regarding the rapid extrication technique is correct?

A) The only indication for performing a rapid extrication is if the patient is not entrapped and is in cardiac arrest.
B) Rapid extrication involves the use of heavy equipment to disentangle a patient from his or her crashed vehicle.
C) It involves rapidly removing a patient from his or her vehicle after immobilizing him or her with a short backboard.
D) The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle.

D) The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle.

You are attempting to gain access to a patient who was injured when his truck struck another vehicle from behind. The patient is conscious and alert, but is screaming in pain. You try to open the door, but it is locked. You should:

A) break the window and unlock the door.
B) ask the patient if he can unlock the door.
C) request the rescue team to extricate him.
D) use a pry bar to attempt to open the door.

B) ask the patient if he can unlock the door.

Once entrance and access to the patient have been provided, you should:

A) allow extrication to commence.
B) perform a primary assessment.
C) administer high-flow oxygen.
D) begin treating his or her injuries

B) perform a primary assessment.

The use of special tools to remove an entrapped patient from a vehicle is known as _________.

A) complex access
B) simple access
C) vehicle stabilization
D) incident management

A) complex access

19-year-old female has just been extricated from her severely damaged car. She is on a long backboard and has been moved to a place of safety. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of her head, you perform a rapid assessment. The patient is unconscious, has slow and shallow respirations, and has bilaterally closed femur deformities. You should:

A) stabilize her legs with the pneumatic antishock garment (PASG).
B) apply 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.
C) obtain baseline vital signs and transport at once.
D) direct your partner to begin ventilatory assistance.

D) direct your partner to begin ventilatory assistance.

A 33-year-old restrained driver of a motor vehicle crash is awake and alert, complaining only of neck pain. The vehicle is stable and no hazards are present. When removing this patient from his vehicle, you should:

A) use the rapid extrication technique.
B) immobilize him with a vest-style device.
C) maintain slight traction to his neck area.
D) adequately secure him to a long backboard.

B) immobilize him with a vest-style device.

When removing a critically injured patient from his or her vehicle, you should:

A) remove him or her using a short backboard.
B) move him or her in one fast, continuous step.
C) protect the cervical spine during the entire process.
D) release c-spine control to facilitate rapid removal.

C) protect the cervical spine during the entire process.

If a technical rescue team is required at the scene, but is not present when you arrive, you should:

A) don personal protective equipment and begin the rescue process.
B) check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route.
C) remain with your ambulance until the rescue team arrives at the scene.
D) have fire personnel initiate the rescue process if they are at the scene.

B) check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route.

Returning the emergency unit to service is part of the _________.

A) transfer phase
B) hazard-control phase
C) termination phase
D) support phase

C) termination phase

The EMT’s role at the scene of a search and rescue attempt is to:

A) accompany search team members and provide care.
B) reassure the family members of the missing person.
C) report to a location where the patient will be carried.
D) stand by at the command post until the person is located.

D) stand by at the command post until the person is located.

The EMT’s responsibility during search-and-rescue operations is to _________.

A) assist in the search on foot
B) direct other incoming EMS units
C) assume medical command
D) stage until the patient is located

D) stage until the patient is located

Upon arrival at a search-and-rescue incident, the EMS crew should _________.

A) prepare the equipment to carry to the patient
B) begin searching for the patient
C) split up and request a search grid
D) provide the incident commander with the crew’s names and certification level

A) prepare the equipment to carry to the patient

Which of the following statements regarding trench rescue is correct?

A) Rescue vehicles should park at least 250′ from the scene.
B) Ground vibration is a primary cause of secondary collapse.
C) A trench deeper than 10′ should be shored prior to entry.
D) Most deaths involving cave-ins are caused by head injury.

B) Ground vibration is a primary cause of secondary collapse.

Upon arrival at a trench rescue operation, you should _________.

A) park as close to the incident as possible
B) park at least 500′ from the incident
C) assist with the rescue operation
D) determine if rescuers are operating safely

B) park at least 500′ from the incident

Upon arriving at the scene of a law enforcement tactical situation, you should ensure your own safety and then:

A) begin immediate triage of any injured personnel.
B) report to the incident commander for instructions.
C) locate all injured personnel and begin treatment.
D) apprise medical control of the tactical situation.

B) report to the incident commander for instructions.

Your unit has been dispatched to stand by at the scene of a structure fire. There are no injuries of which you are aware. Upon arriving at the scene, you should:

A) contact medical control and apprise him or her of the situation.
B) park your ambulance behind the incident commander’s vehicle.
C) set up a staging area where fire fighters can be treated if necessary.
D) ask the incident commander where the ambulance should be staged.

D) ask the incident commander where the ambulance should be staged.

Extrication is MOST accurately defined as:

removal form a dangerous situation or position

A 33-year-old restrained driver of a motor vehicle crash is awake and alert, complaining only of neck pain. The vehicle is stable and no hazards are present. When removing this patient from his vehicle, you should

immobilize him with a vest-style device