Chapter 3- Cells

1. Endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a
a. formless liquid.
b. cellular inclusion.
c. network of interconnected membranes.
d. membranous sac.

c

2. Vesicles are formed by an action of the
a. lysosomal membrane.
b. nuclear membrane.
c. cell membrane.
d. endoplasmic reticulum.

c

3. Which of the following processes involves the use of specific carrier molecules?
a. phagocytosis
b. pinocytosis
c. active transport
d. dialysis

c

4. If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is higher than the concentration inside,
a. water will tend to enter the cell by osmosis.
b. water will tend to leave the cell by osmosis.
c. glucose will tend to enter the cell by osmosis.
d. glucose will tend to leave the cell by osmosis

b

5. Because of mitosis and cytoplasmic division, the resulting cells contain
a. identical chromosomes.
b. identical DNA information.
c. both a and b
d. none of the above

c

6. As a cell grows,
a. the relationship between its surface area and volume remains unchanged.
b. its surface area increases to a lesser degree than its volume.
c. its volume increases to a lesser degree than its surface area.
d. its need for nutrients increases to a lesser degree than its need for oxygen.

b

7. The two major components of the cell membrane are
a. lipids and carbohydrates.
b. proteins and carbohydrates.
c. lipids and proteins.
d. carbohydrates and polysaccharides.

c

8. The cell membrane functions to
a. maintain the wholeness of the cell.
b. control the entry and exit of various substances.
c. provide a barrier to water-soluble substances.
d. all of the above

d

9. Which of the following correctly describes the structural arrangement of the cell membrane?
a. a solid, rigid layer of phospholipid with loosely bound protein molecules
b. a bilayer of phospholipid molecules in which protein molecules are embedded
c. strong layers of protein molecules where carbohydrate molecules freely float
d. three layers; lipid on the inside, protein in the middle, and carbohydrates (and polysaccharides) on the outside

b

10. Molecules bind to receptor sites and are enclosed in vesicles in the process of
a. pinocytosis.
b. phagocytosis.
c. receptor-mediated endocytosis.
d. none of the above

c

11. Which of the following describes a lysosome?
a. a double-membraned organelle that is the "powerhouse" of the cell
b. a complex network of interconnected membranes that function as a communication system in the cell
c. a tiny, membranous sac that contains powerful enzymes responsible for the destruction of worn cell parts and foreign material
d. a nonmembranous structure that is involved in cell reproduction

c

12. The nucleolus of the cell contains
a. DNA only.
b. RNA and protein.
c. DNA and protein.
d. protein and ribosomes.

b

13. Which of the following is not a factor that influences the rate of diffusion?
a. the distance of diffusion
b. the concentration of the substance
c. the amount of energy available for transport molecules
d. the molecular weight of the diffusing molecules

c

14. What characteristic is shared by simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
a. Both require cellular energy for the transport of substances.
b. Both involve the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
c. Both require a special carrier molecule to move substances across the membrane.
d. Both involve the movement of a substance from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration without cellular energy.

d

15. What occurs if a red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?
a. The cell will shrink.
b. The cell will swell and may eventually burst.
c. Nothing; the cell will remain the same size and shape.
d. Only permeable substances will leave the cell; otherwise the concentrations within the cell do not change.

b

16. Which of the following transport processes do not require the expenditure of cellular energy?
a. facilitated diffusion
b. active transport
c. pinocytosis
d. phagocytosis

a

17. In what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes duplicate?
a. prophase
b. interphase
c. metaphase
d. telophase

b

18. The decrease in skeletal muscle size following a prolonged period of inactivity is most closely associated with the activity of
a. peroxisomes.
b. lysosomes.
c. centrosomes.
d. ribosomes.

b

19. Which of the following is isotonic to red blood cells?
a. 0.9% NaCl solution
b. distilled water
c. 0.9% glucose solution
d. none of the above

a

20. Cells lose water when placed in which of the following solutions?
a. hypotonic
b. hypertonic
c. isotonic
d. Ringer's lactate

b

21. The two major parts composing a cell, along with the membrane surrounding each part, are the ______ and the ______.
a. nucleus and nuclear envelope; nucleoplasm and neurilemma
b. cytoplasm and cell membrane; organelle and nuclear envelope
c. nucleus and nuclear envelope; cytoplasm and cell membrane
d. cytoplasm and nuclear envelope; nucleus and cell membrane

c

22. The structure of a cell membrane can be described as
a. composed mainly of lipids and proteins.
b. a double layer (bilayer) of proteins.
c. a double layer of carbohydrates.
d. containing many kinds of lipid molecules.

a

23. A selectively permeable membrane is defined as one that ______.
a. allows all substances to pass through
b. allows all organic substances to pass through but excludes all inorganic substances
c. allows some substances to pass through and excludes others
d. is leaky or allows substances to leak through

c

24. The structure and function of membrane proteins are
a. tightly coiled rodlike molecules to make the membrane more permeable.
b. bilayer of amino acids to give strength and shape to cell.
c. globular proteins to create narrow passageways or channels.
d. rigid double layer chains to make the membrane less permeable to water.

c

25. Which of the following organelles has its structure and function correctly described?
a. endoplasmic reticulum-network of interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals; packages protein molecules for secretion
b. ribosomes-membranous vesicles; contain digestive enzymes
c. Golgi apparatus-particles composed of protein and RNA; synthesize proteins
d. mitochondrion-nonmembranous structure that synthesizes proteins

a

26. Factors that increase the rate of diffusion are
a. distance involved.
b. concentration of the substance.
c. weight of the molecules.
d. all of the above

d

27. Which of the following organelles have their structure and function correctly described?
a. Lysosome-membranous sac; contains enzymes capable of digesting substances
b. Peroxisomes-membranous vesicles; contain digestive enzymes
c. Golgi apparatus-particles composed of protein and RNA; synthesizes proteins

a

28. Which of the following organelles have their structure and function correctly described?
a. Vesicles-membranous sacs; contain various substances that recently entered the cell
b. Microfilaments-tiny rods of protein (actin); cause cellular movements
c. Microtubules-long, slender tubes of globular protein (tubulin); form internal skeleton of cell
d. all of the above

d

29. The structure of the nucleus can be described as
a. enclosed in a cell membrane.
b. enclosed in a nuclear envelope.
c. composed of cytoplasm.
d. containing cytoplasm.

b

30. The function of the nucleus is to
a. direct the activities of the cell.
b. form mitochondria.
c. transfer energy.
d. allow substances to move in and out of cells

a

31. Osmosis is defined as the movement of
a. molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration.
b. water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
c. water molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
d. ions from a low pressure region to a high pressure region through a selectively permeable membrane

b

32. Active transport is a physiological process because it ______, whereas diffusion is a physical process because ______.
a. depends upon life processes and requires cellular energy; it involves nonliving processes and requires no cellular energy
b. involves physiology changes; molecules are always moving from low to high concentration and requires no energy
c. pumps molecules from low to high concentration; it moves molecules from high to low concentration and requires no energy
d. none of the above

a

33. The relationship of osmotic pressure and the number of solute particles in a solution is the
a. lower the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure.
b. greater the number of solute particles, the lower the osmotic pressure.
c. greater the osmotic pressure, the lower the number of solute particles.
d. greater the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure.

d

34. A hypertonic solution
a. has a greater concentration (number) of solute particles than do the cells in the solution.
b. would cause cells in the solution to lose water or become shrunken.
c. has a greater osmotic pressure than do the cells in the solution.
d. all of the above

d

35. An isotonic solution
a. contains the same concentration of solute particles as a cell.
b. has water entering and leaving a cell in equal amounts.
c. has the same osmotic pressure as the cells in the solution.
d. all of the above

d

36. A hypotonic solution
a. has a lower concentration (number) of solute particles than do the cells in the solution.
b. would cause cells in the solution to gain water.
c. has a lower osmotic pressure than do the cells in the solution.
d. all of the above

d

37. Pinocytosis involves ______, whereas phagocytosis involves ______.
a. a cell membrane engulfing solid particles; a cell membrane engulfing liquid droplets
b. the expenditure of cellular energy; a physical process with no expenditure of cellular energy
c. a cell membrane engulfing liquid droplets; a cell membrane engulfing solid particles
d. cell eating; cell drinking

c

Chapter 3- Cells - Subjecto.com

Chapter 3- Cells

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1. Endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a
a. formless liquid.
b. cellular inclusion.
c. network of interconnected membranes.
d. membranous sac.

c

2. Vesicles are formed by an action of the
a. lysosomal membrane.
b. nuclear membrane.
c. cell membrane.
d. endoplasmic reticulum.

c

3. Which of the following processes involves the use of specific carrier molecules?
a. phagocytosis
b. pinocytosis
c. active transport
d. dialysis

c

4. If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is higher than the concentration inside,
a. water will tend to enter the cell by osmosis.
b. water will tend to leave the cell by osmosis.
c. glucose will tend to enter the cell by osmosis.
d. glucose will tend to leave the cell by osmosis

b

5. Because of mitosis and cytoplasmic division, the resulting cells contain
a. identical chromosomes.
b. identical DNA information.
c. both a and b
d. none of the above

c

6. As a cell grows,
a. the relationship between its surface area and volume remains unchanged.
b. its surface area increases to a lesser degree than its volume.
c. its volume increases to a lesser degree than its surface area.
d. its need for nutrients increases to a lesser degree than its need for oxygen.

b

7. The two major components of the cell membrane are
a. lipids and carbohydrates.
b. proteins and carbohydrates.
c. lipids and proteins.
d. carbohydrates and polysaccharides.

c

8. The cell membrane functions to
a. maintain the wholeness of the cell.
b. control the entry and exit of various substances.
c. provide a barrier to water-soluble substances.
d. all of the above

d

9. Which of the following correctly describes the structural arrangement of the cell membrane?
a. a solid, rigid layer of phospholipid with loosely bound protein molecules
b. a bilayer of phospholipid molecules in which protein molecules are embedded
c. strong layers of protein molecules where carbohydrate molecules freely float
d. three layers; lipid on the inside, protein in the middle, and carbohydrates (and polysaccharides) on the outside

b

10. Molecules bind to receptor sites and are enclosed in vesicles in the process of
a. pinocytosis.
b. phagocytosis.
c. receptor-mediated endocytosis.
d. none of the above

c

11. Which of the following describes a lysosome?
a. a double-membraned organelle that is the "powerhouse" of the cell
b. a complex network of interconnected membranes that function as a communication system in the cell
c. a tiny, membranous sac that contains powerful enzymes responsible for the destruction of worn cell parts and foreign material
d. a nonmembranous structure that is involved in cell reproduction

c

12. The nucleolus of the cell contains
a. DNA only.
b. RNA and protein.
c. DNA and protein.
d. protein and ribosomes.

b

13. Which of the following is not a factor that influences the rate of diffusion?
a. the distance of diffusion
b. the concentration of the substance
c. the amount of energy available for transport molecules
d. the molecular weight of the diffusing molecules

c

14. What characteristic is shared by simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
a. Both require cellular energy for the transport of substances.
b. Both involve the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
c. Both require a special carrier molecule to move substances across the membrane.
d. Both involve the movement of a substance from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration without cellular energy.

d

15. What occurs if a red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?
a. The cell will shrink.
b. The cell will swell and may eventually burst.
c. Nothing; the cell will remain the same size and shape.
d. Only permeable substances will leave the cell; otherwise the concentrations within the cell do not change.

b

16. Which of the following transport processes do not require the expenditure of cellular energy?
a. facilitated diffusion
b. active transport
c. pinocytosis
d. phagocytosis

a

17. In what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes duplicate?
a. prophase
b. interphase
c. metaphase
d. telophase

b

18. The decrease in skeletal muscle size following a prolonged period of inactivity is most closely associated with the activity of
a. peroxisomes.
b. lysosomes.
c. centrosomes.
d. ribosomes.

b

19. Which of the following is isotonic to red blood cells?
a. 0.9% NaCl solution
b. distilled water
c. 0.9% glucose solution
d. none of the above

a

20. Cells lose water when placed in which of the following solutions?
a. hypotonic
b. hypertonic
c. isotonic
d. Ringer’s lactate

b

21. The two major parts composing a cell, along with the membrane surrounding each part, are the ______ and the ______.
a. nucleus and nuclear envelope; nucleoplasm and neurilemma
b. cytoplasm and cell membrane; organelle and nuclear envelope
c. nucleus and nuclear envelope; cytoplasm and cell membrane
d. cytoplasm and nuclear envelope; nucleus and cell membrane

c

22. The structure of a cell membrane can be described as
a. composed mainly of lipids and proteins.
b. a double layer (bilayer) of proteins.
c. a double layer of carbohydrates.
d. containing many kinds of lipid molecules.

a

23. A selectively permeable membrane is defined as one that ______.
a. allows all substances to pass through
b. allows all organic substances to pass through but excludes all inorganic substances
c. allows some substances to pass through and excludes others
d. is leaky or allows substances to leak through

c

24. The structure and function of membrane proteins are
a. tightly coiled rodlike molecules to make the membrane more permeable.
b. bilayer of amino acids to give strength and shape to cell.
c. globular proteins to create narrow passageways or channels.
d. rigid double layer chains to make the membrane less permeable to water.

c

25. Which of the following organelles has its structure and function correctly described?
a. endoplasmic reticulum-network of interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals; packages protein molecules for secretion
b. ribosomes-membranous vesicles; contain digestive enzymes
c. Golgi apparatus-particles composed of protein and RNA; synthesize proteins
d. mitochondrion-nonmembranous structure that synthesizes proteins

a

26. Factors that increase the rate of diffusion are
a. distance involved.
b. concentration of the substance.
c. weight of the molecules.
d. all of the above

d

27. Which of the following organelles have their structure and function correctly described?
a. Lysosome-membranous sac; contains enzymes capable of digesting substances
b. Peroxisomes-membranous vesicles; contain digestive enzymes
c. Golgi apparatus-particles composed of protein and RNA; synthesizes proteins

a

28. Which of the following organelles have their structure and function correctly described?
a. Vesicles-membranous sacs; contain various substances that recently entered the cell
b. Microfilaments-tiny rods of protein (actin); cause cellular movements
c. Microtubules-long, slender tubes of globular protein (tubulin); form internal skeleton of cell
d. all of the above

d

29. The structure of the nucleus can be described as
a. enclosed in a cell membrane.
b. enclosed in a nuclear envelope.
c. composed of cytoplasm.
d. containing cytoplasm.

b

30. The function of the nucleus is to
a. direct the activities of the cell.
b. form mitochondria.
c. transfer energy.
d. allow substances to move in and out of cells

a

31. Osmosis is defined as the movement of
a. molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration.
b. water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
c. water molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
d. ions from a low pressure region to a high pressure region through a selectively permeable membrane

b

32. Active transport is a physiological process because it ______, whereas diffusion is a physical process because ______.
a. depends upon life processes and requires cellular energy; it involves nonliving processes and requires no cellular energy
b. involves physiology changes; molecules are always moving from low to high concentration and requires no energy
c. pumps molecules from low to high concentration; it moves molecules from high to low concentration and requires no energy
d. none of the above

a

33. The relationship of osmotic pressure and the number of solute particles in a solution is the
a. lower the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure.
b. greater the number of solute particles, the lower the osmotic pressure.
c. greater the osmotic pressure, the lower the number of solute particles.
d. greater the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure.

d

34. A hypertonic solution
a. has a greater concentration (number) of solute particles than do the cells in the solution.
b. would cause cells in the solution to lose water or become shrunken.
c. has a greater osmotic pressure than do the cells in the solution.
d. all of the above

d

35. An isotonic solution
a. contains the same concentration of solute particles as a cell.
b. has water entering and leaving a cell in equal amounts.
c. has the same osmotic pressure as the cells in the solution.
d. all of the above

d

36. A hypotonic solution
a. has a lower concentration (number) of solute particles than do the cells in the solution.
b. would cause cells in the solution to gain water.
c. has a lower osmotic pressure than do the cells in the solution.
d. all of the above

d

37. Pinocytosis involves ______, whereas phagocytosis involves ______.
a. a cell membrane engulfing solid particles; a cell membrane engulfing liquid droplets
b. the expenditure of cellular energy; a physical process with no expenditure of cellular energy
c. a cell membrane engulfing liquid droplets; a cell membrane engulfing solid particles
d. cell eating; cell drinking

c

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