Chapter 26- Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

A) Lactobacillus.

1) Normal microbiota of the adult vagina consist primarily of A) Lactobacillus. B) Streptococcus. C) Mycobacterium. D) Neisseria. E) Candida.

A) Escherichia coli.

2) Cystitis is most often caused by A) Escherichia coli. B) Leptospira interrogans. C) Candida albicans. D) Neisseria gonorrhoeae. E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

E) All of the above.

3) Pyelonephritis may result from A) Urethritis. B) Cystitis. C) Ureteritis. D) Systemic infections. E) All of the above.

D) Opa attaches to CD4+ T lymphocytes

4) All of the following result from N. gonorrhoeae infection. Which one leads to the others? A) Antibody production is stopped B) CD4+ T lymphocytes don’t reproduce C) Increased risk of other STIs D) Opa attaches to CD4+ T lymphocytes E) Reinfection by N. gonorrhoeae

C) Escherichia coli.

5) Pyelonephritis usually is caused by A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. B) Proteus spp. C) Escherichia coli. D) Enterobacter aerogenes. E) Streptococcus pyogenes.

C) Domestic dogs.

6) The reservoir for leptospirosis is A) Humans. B) Water. C) Domestic dogs. D) Domestic cats. E) Hospitals.

E) Trichomoniasis

7) Which of the following is NOT primarily a sexually transmitted infection (STI)? A) Lymphogranuloma venereum B) Genital herpes C) Gonorrhea D) Chancroid E) Trichomoniasis

D) Syphilis

8) Which of the following is treated with penicillin? A) Lymphogranuloma venereum B) Genital warts C) Candidiasis D) Syphilis E) Trichomoniasis

A) Trichomoniasis – fungus

9) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Trichomoniasis – fungus B) Gonorrhea – gram-negative cocci C) Chancroid – gram-negative rod D) Gardnerella – clue cells E) Syphilis – gram

B) Chlamydia trachomatis.

10) One form of NGU is lymphogranuloma venereum caused by A) Leptospira interrogans. B) Chlamydia trachomatis. C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae. D) Treponema pallidum. E) Candida albicans.

E) Lymphogranuloma venereum.

11) All of the following can cause congenital infections or infections of the newborn EXCEPT A) Syphilis. B) Gonorrhea. C) Nongonococcal urethritis. D) Genital herpes. E) Lymphogranuloma venereum.

C) Genital herpes

12) Which of the following recurs at the initial site of infection? A) Gonorrhea B) Syphilis C) Genital herpes D) Chancroid E) LGV

C) Syphilis

13) Which of the following is diagnosed by detection of antibodies against the causative agent? A) Nongonococcal urethritis B) Gonorrhea C) Syphilis D) Lymphogranuloma venereum E) Candidiasis

E) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

14) Nongonococcal urethritis can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT A) Mycoplasma homini. B) Candida albicans. C) Trichomonas vaginalis. D) Streptococci. E) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

C) Candidiasis

15) Which of the following is caused by an opportunistic pathogen? A) Trichomoniasis B) Genital herpes C) Candidiasis D) Gonorrhea E) Chancroid

C) Glycogen; lactic acid

16) The pH of the adult vagina is acidic due to the conversion of ________ to ________ by bacteria. A) Glucose; ethanol B) Protein; acetic acid C) Glycogen; lactic acid D) Mucosal cells; lactic acid E) Urine; lactic acid

C) Contains fewer than 10,000 pathogens/ml.

17) A normal urine sample collected by urinating into a sterile collection cup A) Is sterile. B) Contains fewer than 100 pathogens/ml. C) Contains fewer than 10,000 pathogens/ml. D) Contains more than 100,000 pathogens/ml. E) Has leukocyte esterase.

A) E. coli.

18) Most nosocomial infections of the urinary tract are caused by A) E. coli. B) Enterococcus. C) Proteus. D) Klebsiella. E) Pseudomonas.

Answer: B

19) Glomerulonephritis is A) Caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. B) An immune complex disease. C) Treated with penicillin. D) Transmitted by contaminated water. E) A and C

E) All of the above are predisposing factors.

20) Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factors to cystitis in females? A) The proximity of the anus to the urethra B) The length of the urethra C) Sexual intercourse D) Poor personal hygiene E) All of the above are predisposing factors.

C) Gonorrhea.

21) The most common reportable disease in the United States is A) Cystitis. B) Lymphogranuloma venereum. C) Gonorrhea. D) Syphilis. E) Candidiasis.

E) All of the above are potential complications of gonorrhea.

22) Which of the following is NOT a complication of gonorrhea? A) Arthritis B) Pelvic inflammatory disease C) Endocarditis D) Meningitis E) All of the above are potential complications of gonorrhea.

A) Genital herpes

23) Which of the following is the most difficult to treat with chemotherapeutic agents? A) Genital herpes B) Gonorrhea C) Syphilis D) Trichomoniasis E) Leptospirosis

C) Candidiasis.

24) Itching and cheesy discharge are symptoms of A) Gardnerella vaginosis. B) Genital herpes. C) Candidiasis. D) Trichomoniasis. E) Lymphogranuloma venereum.

B) Genital herpes.

25) Recurring vesicles are symptoms of A) Gardnerella vaginosis. B) Genital herpes. C) Candidiasis. D) Trichomoniasis. E) Lymphogranuloma venereum.

D) Trichomoniasis.

26) Leukocytes at the infected site is a symptom of A) Gardnerella vaginosis. B) Genital herpes. C) Candidiasis. D) Trichomoniasis. E) Lymphogranuloma venereum.

E) Lymphogranuloma venereum

27) Which of the following is caused by Chlamydia? A) Gardnerella vaginosis B) Genital herpes C) Candidiasis D) Trichomoniasis E) Lymphogranuloma venereum

D) Pyelonephritis.

28) A positive LE text and 10,000 CFU/ml in urine indicates A) Cystitis. B) Gonorrhea. C) Urethritis. D) Pyelonephritis. E) Genital herpes.

B) Syphilis

29) Which of the following diseases causes a skin rash, hair loss, malaise, and fever? A) Gonorrhea B) Syphilis C) NGU D) Trichomoniasis E) Genital herpes

A) Cystitis.

30) Staphylococcus saprophyticus causes A) Cystitis. B) Pyelonephritis. C) Vaginitis. D) Gonorrhea. E) Syphilis.

C) It is always precancerous.

31) Which one of the following statements about genital warts is false? A) It is transmitted by direct contact. B) It is caused by papillomaviruses. C) It is always precancerous. D) It is treated by removing them. E) All of the above.

B) Cephalosporins.

32) The most common NGU in the United States is treated with A) Penicillin. B) Cephalosporins. C) Acyclovir. D) AZT. E) Doxycycline.

E) It affects men and women equally.

33) Which of the following statements about pelvic inflammatory disease is false? A) It can cause sterility and chronic pain. B) It can be caused by N. gonorrhoeae. C) It can be transmitted sexually. D) It can be caused by C. trachomatis. E) It affects men and women equally.

C) Neisseria.

34) Which one of the following does NOT cause nongonococcal urethritis? A) Chlamydia. B) Mycoplasma. C) Neisseria. D) Ureaplasma. E) All of the above cause NGU.

A) Maternal antibodies offer protection.

35) Infants born to asymptomatic mothers with recurrent genital herpes are less likely to acquire herpesvirus at birth than infants born to newly infected mothers because A) Maternal antibodies offer protection. B) The disease cannot be transmitted to newborns. C) The disease is not communicable. D) Prophylactic antibiotics are administered to the newborn. E) The virus isn’t growing.

A) The number of reported cases of gonorrhea last year

36) Which of the following is greater? A) The number of reported cases of gonorrhea last year B) The number of reported cases of AIDS last year C) They are equal.

C) Acyclovir

37) A patient presents with fever and extensive lesions of the labia minora. Her VDRL test was negative. What is the most likely treatment? A) Metronidazole B) Cephalosporins C) Acyclovir D) Miconazole E) No treatment is available.

A) Metronidazole

38) A patient is experiencing profuse greenish yellow, foul-smelling discharge from her vagina. She is complaining of itching and irritation. What is the most likely treatment? A) Metronidazole B) Cephalosporins C) Acyclovir D) Miconazole E) No treatment is available.

B) Mumps virus.

39) A 25-year-old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. The etiology could be any of the following EXCEPT A) Borrelia. B) Mumps virus. C) Rickettsia. D) Streptococcus. E) Treponema.

C) Serological test for antibodies

40) A 25-year-old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Which of the following will be most useful for a rapid diagnosis? A) Bacterial culture B) Microscopic examination of blood C) Serological test for antibodies D) Serological test for antigen E) Viral culture

C) Secondary

41) A 25-year-old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Diagnosis was based on serological testing. The patient then reported that he had an ulcer on his penis 2 months earlier. What stage of disease is the patient in? A) NGU B) Primary C) Secondary D) Tertiary

D) Penicillin.

42) A 25-year-old male presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Diagnosis was based on serological testing. The patient then reported that he had an ulcer on his penis 2 months earlier. This disease can be treated with A) Acyclovir. B) Metronidazole. C) Miconazole. D) Penicillin. E) Surgery.

A) Acyclovir

43) A pelvic examination of a 23-year-old woman showed vesicles and ulcerated lesions on her labia. Cultures were negative for Neisseria and Chlamydia; the VDRL test was negative. Which treatment is appropriate? A) Acyclovir B) Metronidazole C) Miconazole D) Penicillin E) Surgery

B) Genital herpes

44) A pelvic examination of a 23-year-old woman showed vesicles and ulcerated lesions on her labia. Cultures were negative for Neisseria and Chlamydia; the VDRL test was negative. Which of the following is probable? A) Candidiasis B) Genital herpes C) Gonorrhea D) NGU E) Syphilis

C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae

45) Which of the following is treated with cephalosporins because the organism is resistant to penicillin and fluoroquinolones? A) Mycoplasma hominis B) Haemophilus ducreyi C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae D) Treponema pallidum E) Gardnerella vaginalis