Chapter 17 Life 102

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What name is given to the process in which a strand of DNA is used as a template for the manufacture of a strand of pre-mRNA?

a.RNA processing
b.gene expression
c.polypeptide formation
d.transcription
e.translation

d.transcription

What name is given to the process in which the information encoded in a strand of mRNA is used to construct a protein?
a.RNA processing
b.gene expression
c.polypeptide formation
d.transcription
e.translation

e.translation

What name is given to the process in which pre-mRNA is edited into mRNA?
a.RNA processing
b.gene expression
c.polypeptide formation
d.transcription
e.translation

a. RNA processing

Polypeptides are assembled from _____.

a.hexoses
b.glycerol
c.nucleotides
d.proteins
e.amino acids

e.amino acids

RNA processing converts the RNA transcript into _____.

a protein
DNA
a eukaryotic cell
mRNA
a polypeptide

mRNA

During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 5′ end of the RNA.
3′ untranslated region
a long string of adenine nucleotides
5′ untranslated region
coding segment
modified guanine nucleotide

modified guanine nucleotide

During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 3′ end of the RNA.
3′ untranslated region
a long string of adenine nucleotides
5′ untranslated region
coding segment
modified guanine nucleotide

a long string of adenine nucleotides

Spliceosomes are composed of

snRNPs and other proteins
polymerases and ligases
introns and exons
the RNA transcript and protein
snRNPs and snurps

snRNPs and other proteins

The RNA segments joined to one another by spliceosomes are _____.

caps
exons
snRNPs
tails
introns

exons

Translation occurs in the _____.

cytoplasm
lysosome
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
nucleoplasm

cytoplasm

The direction of synthesis of an RNA transcript is _____.

5′ —> 3′

Which of these correctly illustrates the pairing of DNA and RNA nucleotides?

GTTACG
CAATCG

GTTACG
CAAUGC

GTTACG
GTTACG

GTTACG
ACCGTA

GTTACG
UAACAU

GTTACG CAAUGC

The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is

changeable, depending on the amino acid that attaches to the tRNA.
catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme.
the part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid.
complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA.
complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.

complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.

What is the process called that converts the genetic information stored in DNA to an RNA copy?

Translation
Transcription
Replication
Translocation

Transcription

DNA does not store the information to synthesize which of the following?

Proteins
Organelles
DNA
Messenger RNA

Organelles

Transcription begins at a promoter. What is a promoter?

Part of the RNA molecule itself
A site where many different proteins will bind
A site found on the RNA polymerase
A site in DNA that recruits the RNA Polymerase

A site in DNA that recruits the RNA Polymerase

Which of the following statements best describes the promoter of a protein-coding gene?

The promoter is a site at which only RNA polymerase will bind.
The promoter is a nontranscribed region of a gene.
The promoter is a site found on RNA polymerase.
The promoter is part of the RNA molecule itself.

The promoter is a nontranscribed region of a gene.

What determines which base is to be added to an RNA strand during transcription?

Base pairing between the DNA template strand and the RNA nucleotides
The previous base
The order of the chemical groups in the backbone of the RNA molecule
Base pairing between the two DNA strands

Base pairing between the DNA template strand and the RNA nucleotides

Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the newly synthesized RNA molecule and the DNA template strand?

Identical
Complementary
Covalently bound
Permanently base-paired

Complementary

What happens to RNA polymerase II after it has completed transcription of a gene?

It begins transcribing the next gene on the chromosome.
It is free to bind to another promoter and begin transcription.
It is degraded.
It joins with another RNA polymerase to carry out transcription.

It is free to bind to another promoter and begin transcription.

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