Chapter 14- TRUE OR FALSE

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Because the ANS is a visceral motor system, afferent pathways are of no importance and actually are rarely found.

FALSE

The rami communicantes are associated only with the sympathetic division of the ANS.

TRUE

The gray rami communicantes consist of myelinated postganglionic fibers.

FALSE

Splanchnic nerves are mixed motor and sensory nerves.

FALSE

The autonomic nervous system may cause activation or inhibition, depending on the division that is active and the target that is affected.

TRUE

The celiac ganglion is primarily associated with the sympathetic division.

TRUE

The sympathetic chain is composed of collateral ganglia.

TRUE

Thermoregulatory responses to increased heat are mediated by the sympathetic nervous division.

TRUE

Most disorders of the autonomic nervous system reflect abnormalities of smooth muscle control.

TRUE

Alpha-adrenergic effects are usually stimulatory and mediatory.

TRUE

The adrenal medulla is considered a "misplaced" sympathetic ganglion by some.

TRUE

Acetylcholine is the substance released by the axonal endings of the somatic efferent fibers and by the parasympathetic nerve fiber endings.

TRUE

Most body organs are innervated by only the sympathetic division of the nervous system.

FALSE

Through direct neural stimulation, the sympathetic division promotes many metabolic effects via hormone release.

TRUE

Cranial nerves VII, IX, and X contain postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system.

FALSE

The ANS stimulates smooth and skeletal muscles and glands, whereas the somatic nervous system innervates cardiac muscles only.

FALSE

Norepinephrine-releasing fibers are called cholinergic fibers.

FALSE

Autonomic ganglia are motor ganglia only.

TRUE

The craniosacral division is another name for the parasympathetic division.

TRUE

The chain ganglion, like the dorsal root ganglion, contains soma from sensory neurons.

FALSE

Most blood vessels are innervated by the sympathetic division alone.

TRUE

The blood vessels of the skin are one of the few areas of the body where the vessels are innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

FALSE

Events recorded in a lie detector examination are controlled by the sympathetic division.

TRUE

All splanchnic nerves are sympathetic.

FALSE

Splanchnic nerves pass through the abdominal aortic plexus.

TRUE

The structures that specifically exhibit vasomotor tone are mostly under sympathetic control.

TRUE

Because many of the same cardiac cells are innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers, the influence of the two divisions on the heart is synergistic.

FALSE

β-adrenergic receptors are the only receptors found on the heart.

FALSE

Autonomic reflex centers occur in the spinal cord, medulla, and midbrain.

TRUE

Cranial nerves III, VII, and IX supply the entire parasympathetic innervation of the head; however, only the preganglionic fibers lie within these three pairs of cranial nerves.

TRUE

Because parasympathetic fibers never run in spinal nerves, rami communicantes are associated only with the sympathetic division.

TRUE

Rami communicantes are designated white or grey to indicate whether or not the fibers passing through them are myelinated.

TRUE

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